A Galactose Dendritic Silicon (IV) Phthalocyanine as a Photosensitizing Agent in Cancer Photodynamic Therapy

ChemPlusChem ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 83 (9) ◽  
pp. 855-860 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mafalda Bispo ◽  
Patrícia M. R. Pereira ◽  
Francesca Setaro ◽  
M. Salomé Rodríguez-Morgade ◽  
Rosa Fernandes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Photosensitizing Agent

Topical Administration of Tetrasodium-Mesotetraphenyl-Porphinesulfonate (TPPS): Correlation between Drug Penetration and Depth of Necrosis in Skin of Nude Mice following Red Light Irradiation

1987 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renato Marchesini ◽  
Elsa Melloni ◽  
Giovanni Bottiroli ◽  
Salvatore Andreola ◽  
Giannino Fava ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Nude Mice ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Local Treatment ◽  
Topical Administration ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Drug Penetration ◽  
Suitable Treatment ◽  
Epithelial Layers ◽  
Photosensitizing Agent

The main side effect in photodynamic therapy is photosensitization of the patient's skin following systemic administration of the photosensitizing agent. In the case of superficial lesions, this problem can be avoided by topically applying the drug: in this way a local treatment can be performed. We tested the photosensitizing properties of a 2 % solution of TPPS (tetrasodium-tetraphenylporphinesulfonate) in a vehicle containing a penetration enhancer, Azone, on skin of nude mice. An aliquot of 0.1 ml/cm2 of the solution was painted on the skin overlying an s.c. implanted NMU-1 tumor. Subsequently, animals were sacrificed at different times after application. Fluorescence microscopy revealed that TPPS penetration depth was related to time elapsed after application and to painting modalities. Solution penetration was enhanced by wiping with ether immediately before painting. Irradiation at 80 mW/cm2 for 20 min with a dye laser emitting at 640 am, 4 h after TPPS application, produced necrosis of the upper skin layers, up to 0.2 mm in depth. These findings suggest that topical TPPS administration, followed by laser irradiation, may be a suitable treatment modality for skin lesions involving epithelial layers, even though several aspects of this metodology need further investigation.

scholarly journals Susceptibility of Candida Species to Photodynamic Effects of Photofrin

2004 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 2000-2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph M. Bliss ◽  
Chad E. Bigelow ◽  
Thomas H. Foster ◽  
Constantine G. Haidaris
Keyword(s):  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Drug Dose ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
In Vitro Susceptibility ◽  
Therapeutic Modalities ◽  
Fungal Damage ◽  
Different Strains ◽  
Photosensitizing Agent

ABSTRACT The in vitro susceptibility of pathogenic Candida species to the photodynamic effects of the clinically approved photosensitizing agent Photofrin was examined. Internalization of Photofrin by Candida was confirmed by confocal fluorescence microscopy, and the degree of uptake was dependent on incubation concentration. Uptake of Photofrin by Candida and subsequent sensitivity to irradiation was influenced by culture conditions. Photofrin uptake was poor in C. albicans blastoconidia grown in nutrient broth. However, conversion of blastoconidia to filamentous forms by incubation in defined tissue culture medium resulted in substantial Photofrin uptake. Under conditions where Photofrin was effectively taken up by Candida, irradiated organisms were damaged in a drug dose- and light-dependent manner. Uptake of Photofrin was not inhibited by azide, indicating that the mechanism of uptake was not dependent on energy provided via electron transport. Fungal damage induced by Photofrin-mediated photodynamic therapy (PDT) was determined by evaluation of metabolic activity after irradiation. A strain of C. glabrata took up Photofrin poorly and was resistant to killing after irradiation. In contrast, two different strains of C. albicans displayed comparable levels of sensitivity to PDT. Furthermore, a reference strain of C. krusei that is relatively resistant to fluconazole compared to C. albicans was equally sensitive to C. albicans at Photofrin concentrations of ≥3 μg/ml. The results indicate that photodynamic therapy may be a useful adjunct or alternative to current anti-Candida therapeutic modalities, particularly for superficial infections on surfaces amenable to illumination.

scholarly journals Berberine as a photosensitizing agent for antitumoral photodynamic therapy: Insights into its association to low density lipoproteins

2016 ◽  
Vol 510 (1) ◽  
pp. 240-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathalia Luiza Andreazza ◽  
Christine Vevert-Bizet ◽  
Geneviève Bourg-Heckly ◽  
Franck Sureau ◽  
Marcos José Salvador ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Low Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Photosensitizing Agent

scholarly journals Perspectives on the Role of Photodynamic Therapy in the Treatment of Pancreatic Cancer

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Li ◽  
Qingyong Ma ◽  
Erxi Wu
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Tumor Cell Death ◽  
Antitumor Effects ◽  
Immune System Activation ◽  
System Activation ◽  
Photosensitizing Agent

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a noninvasive procedure involving a photosensitizing agent that is activated by light to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) that selectively destroy tumor cells. In recent years, PDT has been used in the treatment of pancreatic cancer (PC). The antitumor effects of PDT include three main mechanisms: direct tumor cell death (necrosis, apoptosis, and autophagy), vascular destruction, and immune system activation. The present paper systematically summarizes the effects of PDT in the treatment of PC from the experimental studies to the clinical studies and discusses the mechanisms of PDT-induced PC destruction.

scholarly journals Fricke Dosimetry as a Tool to Quality Control of Photodynamic Therapy

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
SUZANA OLIVEIRA SANTOS ◽  
Vivianne L. B. Souza
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Green Light ◽  
Yellow Light ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Low Toxicity ◽  
Cellular Necrosis ◽  
Photosensitizing Agent

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) consists of the association of a photosensitizing agent with a light source in order to cause cellular necrosis. Methylene blue, toluidine blue and malachite green are photosensitizers derived from dyes that are widely accepted in medicine, as they have low toxicity and are low cost. PDT is an alternative treatment for cancer, with significant advantages over procedures such as surgery/chemotherapy. Our laboratory has studied the Fricke solution doped with photosensitizers in an approach to obtain a quality control for PDT. The Fricke solution was prepared with ammoniacal ferrous sulfate, sodium chloride and sulfuric acid in water. The solutions modified with photosensitizers were prepared by adding 0.1 g/100 mL of the dyes. A volume of 2.6 ml of the Fricke solution modified with photosensitizers were transferred to test tubes and irradiated. The irradiated solutions had their optical densities measured in a spectrophotometer. The samples were irradiated with LED (Light Emitting Diodes) in acrylic phantoms. The FATA samples irradiated with LED showed the sensitivity of the dosimeters to red, blue, green and yellow light. A calibration curve with correlation coefficient of 0.9884 for the red light was obtained; 0.9752 for blue light; 0.9644 for the green light and 0.9768 for the yellow light. The fact that a sensitivity of the dosimeters to the LED has been occurred indicates that the PDT could be realized with LED, with lower costs than with laser. This work suggested that FATA dosimeters can be used for quality control of PDT.

Photodynamic Therapy with a New Photosensitizing Agent

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 220-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Helena Araujo Machado ◽  
Fernanda Maria Prado Braga ◽  
Cristina Pacheco Soares ◽  
Marcelo Miguel Martins Pelisson ◽  
Milton Beltrame ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Photosensitizing Agent

scholarly journals New Photosensitizers for Photodynamic Therapy in Gastroenterology

1999 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 389-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
SG Bown ◽  
AZ Rogowska
Keyword(s):  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Barrett’S Esophagus ◽  
Barrett's Esophagus ◽  
Protoporphyrin Ix ◽  
Porfimer Sodium ◽  
Pancreatic Cancers ◽  
Amino Levulinic Acid ◽  
Photosensitizing Agent

Most applications of photodynamic therapy (PDT) in gastroenterology to date have used porfimer sodium as the photosensitizing agent. For destroying small lesions in the wall of the gastrointestinal tract in inoperable patients, it has proved to be most effective, but attempts to achieve circumferential mucosal ablation, as in the treatment of Barrett’s esophagus, have led to a high incidence of strictures, and all patients have cutaneous photosensitivity, which can last up to three months. Two new photosensitizers are of particular interest to gastroenterologists. PDT with metatetrahydroxyphenyl chlorin produces a similar biological effect as PDT with porfimer sodium, but the light doses required are much smaller, and cutaneous photosensitivity lasts only two to three weeks. Further, it can be used with percutaneous light delivery to destroy localized pancreatic cancers. The photosensitizing agent 5-amino levulinic acid, converted in vivo into the photoactive derivative protoporphyrin IX, sensitizes the mucosa much more than the underlying layers. This makes it feasible to destroy areas of abnormal mucosa without damaging the underlying muscle and is, therefore, better for treating Barrett’s esophagus. Detailed clinical studies are required to establish the real role of PDT with the use of these and other new photosensitizers.

scholarly journals C60@lysozyme: a new photosensitizing agent for photodynamic therapy

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (32) ◽  
pp. 6608-6615 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Soldà ◽  
A. Cantelli ◽  
M. Di Giosia ◽  
M. Montalti ◽  
F. Zerbetto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Visible Light ◽  
Singlet Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Generation ◽  
Singlet Oxygen Generation ◽  
Photosensitizing Agent

C60@lysozyme showed significant visible light-induced singlet oxygen generation in a physiological environment, indicating the potential of this hybrid as an agent for photodynamic therapy.

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