Observer variability study and method to implement observer categories for novel light source projection system

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Yi‐Ho Bai ◽  
Li‐Chen Ou
Keyword(s):  
Light Source ◽  
Observer Variability ◽  
Projection System ◽  
Variability Study

Abstract 14497: Mri Effects on Pacemaker/ICD Within the Magnetic Field; An Intra-observer Variability Study

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert W Biederman ◽  
Loretta Gevenosky ◽  
Geetha Rayarao ◽  
RONALD WILLIAMS ◽  
Richard Lombardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
High Field ◽  
Meaningful Use ◽  
Observer Variability ◽  
Intrinsic Variability ◽  
Mri Scan ◽  
Clinical Routine ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Variability Study ◽  
The Magnetic Field

Introduction: The evolution of pacemaker/ICD safety in the magnetic field has triggered considerable interest in more clinical routine use. However, many limitations to widespread adoption of this seemingly implausible idea just a few years ago remain: unresolved impact of the high magnetic field, RF amplitude and oscillatory forces on electronics with possible high field damage to capacitor, solenoid and microcircuitry. However, given recent vender refinements over the last 10 years, we hypothesized that the impact on such circuitry may be far less than expected. Method: Consecutive interrogation of 940 pts who underwent clinically indicated MRI were evaluated over 5 years. This cohort was comprised of neuro/neurosurgical (72%), orthopedic (11%) and cardiac (17%) cases. Routine interrogation was performed within 10 min of entry into the bore of a dedicated Cardiac MRI (GE, 1.5T, WI). As well, reinterrogation was performed within 10 min of departure MRI (average 21±12min). At the time of interrogation pre and post MRI, a separate, repeat interrogation was performed within 5 min of each other such that 2 sets of PM/ICD parameters were obtained pre and post MRI. Result: No complications to either pt or device occurred during the MRI comprising 564 PMs and 376 ICDs. A cardiologist was present guiding the interrogation, configuration, and reconfiguration of the PM/ICD as well was present for entire MRI. There were no significant differences in common clinical parameters. More importantly, there was no difference in any parameter when compared in any order pre to post MRI scan. See Table. Conclusion: Intrinsic variability and inherent changes triggered by MRI environments are clinically insignificant and statistically negligible thereby removing yet another of the last remaining fears and apprehensions for primary PM/ICD failure and destruction as we move towards a more uniform acceptance of this technology for clinically meaningful use, dissemination and acceptance.

One core laboratory at two international sites, is that feasible? An inter-core laboratory and intra-observer variability study

2002 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan C. Tuinenburg ◽  
Gerhard Koning ◽  
Ellen Hekking ◽  
Colette Desjardins ◽  
François Harel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Observer Variability ◽  
Variability Study

scholarly journals CAN THE SYNTAX SCORE BE USED IN CLINICAL PRACTICE? RESULTS OF A INTER- AND INTRA-OBSERVER VARIABILITY STUDY

2010 ◽  
Vol 55 (10) ◽  
pp. A134.E1258
Author(s):  
Stéphane Zuily ◽  
Christophe Goetz ◽  
Julien Rosencher ◽  
Obay Oulmane ◽  
Zoheir Mami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Syntax Score ◽  
Observer Variability ◽  
Variability Study

scholarly journals EP-1657: Inter-observer variability study for daily CBCT registration of VMAT prostate treatment

2015 ◽  
Vol 115 ◽  
pp. S908 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Zahra ◽  
C. Monnet ◽  
E. Bartha ◽  
M. Courbis ◽  
M. Le Grévellec ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Observer Variability ◽  
Inter Observer Variability ◽  
Variability Study

An inter-observer and intra-observer variability study on the diagnosis of lymph node biopsy specimens

1992 ◽  
Vol 28 (11) ◽  
pp. 1858-1862 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.M Hanby ◽  
P.A Hall ◽  
N Rooney ◽  
P Dennis ◽  
P James ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Lymph Node Biopsy ◽  
Observer Variability ◽  
Biopsy Specimens ◽  
Node Biopsy ◽  
Variability Study

scholarly journals Application of Dimming Compensation Technology Via Liquid Crystal Lens for Non-Imaging Projection Laser Systems

Crystals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 122
Author(s):  
Yi-Chin Fang ◽  
Cheng Tsai ◽  
Da-Long Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystal ◽  
Light Source ◽  
Optical Design ◽  
Good Control ◽  
Laser Source ◽  
Projection System ◽  
Lens Array ◽  
Local Dimming ◽  
Optical Paths ◽  
Liquid Crystal Lens

The main purpose of this paper is to explore a newly developed optical design, then to further improve the overhead lighting contrast in the laser projector module. In terms of the structural design of the projector, a liquid crystal lens array was used as the local dimming system for the light source, in order to achieve the objective, which was to significantly improve the contrast facility of the projection system. Second, in terms of the design of the light source, the output method for the light source was a laser light source employing arrays of micro-scanning. The main purpose was to compensate for the dim spots in the hole between the lenses in each unit of the liquid crystal when the liquid crystal lens array was locally dimmed, and thus significantly improving the contrast facility of the projection system. In terms of the software simulation, a liquid crystal lens array was used to simulate a pore size of 2.0 mm and focal lengths of 9 cm and 23 cm. The end effect gave good control and adjustment of the bright and dark areas during local dimming of the projector’s imaging chip components. For a single laser source, the maximum contrast for local dimming was about 128:1, 438:1, and 244:1, for the Red (R), Green (G), and Blue (B) optical paths, respectively. The light efficiency scores were approximately 20.91%, 20.05%, and 24.45%, for the R, G, and B optical paths, respectively. After compensation using a micro-scanning light source, the defect of having dim spots between the pores was remedied, and the light adjustment area became more uniform while the contrasts became smaller. The maximum contrasts were approximately 52:1, 122:1, and 110:1, for the R, G, and B optical paths, respectively. For the projector, when the liquid crystal lenses were not transmissive, the maximum uniformity scores were 82.25%, 87.15%, and 88.43%, for the R, G, and B optical paths, respectively.

“Off-the-Wall” Pavement Distress Variability Study

1998 ◽  
Vol 1643 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerome F. Daleiden ◽  
Amy L. Simpson
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Pavement Performance ◽  
Human Errors ◽  
Projection System ◽  
Pavement Distress ◽  
Sophisticated Equipment ◽  
Surface Distress ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Variability Study

Variability of pavement surface distress data collection has always been an area of significant concern. When conducting evaluations of distress data manually (with raters observing pavements in question, interpreting what they see, and recording on paper) the process is subject to human errors. To minimize the impact of such human errors on these important pavement performance data, sophisticated equipment has been developed to eliminate as much of the human intervention as possible. Such technology is not without its own limitations of precision and bias. With both methodologies being used for the collection of surface distress data for the long-term pavement performance (LTPP) program, questions regarding precision and bias have been identified. In attempting to define the variability of the data for incorporation in stochastic analyses, it has become apparent how diverse and complex these distress data truly are. To adequately quantify the precision and bias, a detailed experiment was designed to evaluate the errors inherent in the different distress data collection methodologies. The facet of the experiment reported targets the variability of human distress surveyors and the biases associated with conducting surveys from film, using a slightly different projection system. Specifically, a collection of surveyors was assembled to establish the variability associated with experienced raters versus novice raters, engineers versus engineering technicians, and teams versus individuals.

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