Principal neurons as local circuit neurons in the rat superior cervical ganglion: The synaptology of the neuronal processes revealed by intracellular injection of biocytin

1993 ◽  
Vol 328 (4) ◽  
pp. 562-574 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshinori Kawai ◽  
Yasuhiko Tamai ◽  
Emiko Senba
Keyword(s):  
Superior Cervical Ganglion ◽  
Local Circuit ◽  
Intracellular Injection ◽  
Local Circuit Neurons ◽  
Neuronal Processes ◽  
Cervical Ganglion

Neuronal activity recorded extracellularly in chronically decentralized in situ canine middle cervical ganglia

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (7) ◽  
pp. 1038-1046 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Armour
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Thoracic Wall ◽  
Identified Neurons ◽  
Pulmonary Tissue ◽  
Local Circuit ◽  
Local Circuit Neurons ◽  
Cervical Ganglion ◽  
Cervical Ganglia ◽  
Ganglion Neurons

In chronically decentralized in situ middle cervical ganglia of 10 dogs, 279 spontaneously active neurons were identified. One hundred and ten (39%) of these were spontaneously active during specific phases of the cardiac cycle, primarily during systole, and the activity of nearly half of these cardiovascular-related neurons was modified by gentle mechanical distortion of the vena cavae, heart, or thoracic aorta. Another 60 (22%) of the identified neurons had respiratory – related activity, but the activity of only 2 of them was modified by gentle mechanical distortion of pulmonary tissue. Twenty-nine of the other 109 identified neurons were activated by gentle mechanical distortion of localized regions of the neck, ventral thoracic wall, or ventral abdominal wall. Because of the presence of activity in the chronically decentralized middle cervical ganglion, these data infer that some afferent neurons are located in the thoracic autonomic nervous system. Some middle cervical ganglion neurons were activated by single 1–4 ms stimuli delivered to a nerve connected to the ganglion. During repetitive stimuli delivered at 0.5 Hz none were activated after a fixed latency following the stimuli. Many more neurons were activated by 10- to 200-ms trains of 1–4 ms stimuli delivered with interstimulus intervals of 1–10 ms. The majority of these neurons could still be activated electrically after the administration of cholinergic and adrenergic pharmacological blocking agents. As the spontaneously active neurons, as well as those which were not spontaneously active, which were recorded were not consistently activated by single 1–4 ms stimuli delivered individually to every nerve connected to the middle cervical ganglion, they presumably did not project axons into these nerves and thus are presumed not to be afferent or efferent postganglionic neurons but rather to be local circuit neurons. It is concluded that local circuit neurons in the middle cervical ganglion are involved in regulating cardiovascular, respiratory, and other tissues and can function independent of neurons in the central nervous system.

Evidence for a Blood Ganglion Barrier in the Superior Cervical Ganglion of the Rat

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 204-204
Author(s):  
D. M. DePace
Keyword(s):  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Superior Cervical Ganglion ◽  
Peripheral Nerves ◽  
Time Schedule ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Cervical Ganglion ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Cervical Ganglia ◽  
Capillary Circulation ◽  
And Control

The majority of blood vessels in the superior cervical ganglion possess a continuous endothelium with tight junctions. These same features have been associated with the blood brain barrier of the central nervous system and peripheral nerves. These vessels may perform a barrier function between the capillary circulation and the superior cervical ganglion. The permeability of the blood vessels in the superior cervical ganglion of the rat was tested by intravenous injection of horseradish peroxidase (HRP). Three experimental groups of four animals each were given intravenous HRP (Sigma Type II) in a dosage of.08 to.15 mg/gm body weight in.5 ml of.85% saline. The animals were sacrificed at five, ten or 15 minutes following administration of the tracer. Superior cervical ganglia were quickly removed and fixed by immersion in 2.5% glutaraldehyde in Sorenson's.1M phosphate buffer, pH 7.4. Three control animals received,5ml of saline without HRP. These were sacrificed on the same time schedule. Tissues from experimental and control animals were reacted for peroxidase activity and then processed for routine transmission electron microscopy.

Effects of Electrical Stimulation of the Superior Cervical Ganglion on Cochlear Blood Flow in Guinea Pig

1993 ◽  
Vol 113 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tian-Ying Ren ◽  
E. Laurikainen ◽  
W. S. Quirk ◽  
J. M. Miller ◽  
A. L. Nuttall
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Superior Cervical Ganglion ◽  
Cochlear Blood Flow ◽  
Cervical Ganglion ◽  
Stimulation Of

Glucocorticoid-induced pnmt-immunoreactive sympathetic cells in the superior cervical ganglion of the rat

1989 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 389-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heikki Päivärinta ◽  
V. M. Pickel ◽  
L. Eränkö ◽  
T. H. Joh
Keyword(s):  
Superior Cervical Ganglion ◽  
Cervical Ganglion
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