The epibranchial placodes of lepidosteus osseus and their relation to the cerebral ganglia

1912 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. L. Landacre
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Ganglia ◽  
Epibranchial Placodes

Immunocytochemical and radioimmunometrical demonstration of serotonin- and neuropeptide-immunoreactivities in the adult rat tapeworm,Hymenolepis diminuta(Cestoda, Cyclophyllidea)

Parasitology ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 103 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. McKay ◽  
I. Fairweather ◽  
C. F. Johnston ◽  
C. Shaw ◽  
D. W. Halton
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Cell ◽  
Peptide Yy ◽  
Hymenolepis Diminuta ◽  
Epifluorescence Microscopy ◽  
Confocal Scanning Laser Microscopy ◽  
Nerve Fibres ◽  
Cerebral Ganglia ◽  
Longitudinal Nerve ◽  
Small Nerve ◽  
Nerve Cords

Standard indirect immunocytochemical techniques have been interfaced with confocal scanning laser microscopy (for whole-mount preparations) and epifluorescence microscopy (for cryosections) to investigate the occurrence and distribution of serotoninergic and peptidergic nerve elements in adultH. diminuta. Serotonin (5-HT)-immunoreactivity (IR) was widespread throughout the worm, occurring in the paired cerebral ganglia, transverse commissure, the 10 longitudinal nerve cords and in a plethora of small nerve fibres of the peripheral nervous system. An abundance of serotoninergic nerve cell bodies was found in association with the lateral nerve cords. The genital atrium and accessory reproductive ducts were richly innervated with serotoninergic nerve fibres. Thirty-five antisera to 20 vertebrate regulatory peptides and 1 invertebrate peptide (FMRFamide) were used to screen the worm for neuropeptide IR. Immunostaining was obtained with antisera raised to pancreatic polypeptide (PP), peptide YY (PYY), neuropeptide Y (NPY), substance P (SP), peptide histidine isoleucine (PHI), xenopsin (XP) and FMRFamide. The most extensive pattern of IR occurred with antisera to PP and PYY, IR being evident in the cerebral ganglia, transverse commissure, longitudinal nerve cords and in small nerve fibres that ramified throughout the parenchyma. A series of bipolar nerve cell bodies between the median nerve cords displayed PP/PYY-IR. The distribution of FMRFamide-IR was reminiscent of the PP/PYY pattern but was less extensive. Comparison of the serotoninergic and peptidergic nervous systems has revealed general similarities and some distinct differences, especially with regard to the distribution of immunoreactive nerve cell bodies. Quantitative data are presented on the levels of PP-, SP-, PH1-, and gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP)-immunoreactivities demonstrable in acid-alcohol extracts of whole worms. The highest level of peptide IR determined was recorded for PP.

Pax2 modulates proliferation during specification of the otic and epibranchial placodes

2012 ◽  
Vol 241 (11) ◽  
pp. 1716-1728 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabine Freter ◽  
Yuko Muta ◽  
Paul O'Neill ◽  
Vassil S. Vassilev ◽  
Shigehiro Kuraku ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epibranchial Placodes

scholarly journals Gliocyte and synapse analyses in cerebral ganglia of the Chinese mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis: ultrastructural study

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Zhang ◽  
P. Yu ◽  
S. Zhong ◽  
T. Ge ◽  
S. Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Eriocheir Sinensis ◽  
Type I ◽  
Aquatic Species ◽  
Histological Findings ◽  
Chinese Mitten Crab ◽  
Cerebral Ganglia ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Mitten Crab ◽  
Nerve System

The Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis is an economically important aquatic species in China. Many studies on gene structure, breeding, and diseases of the crab have been reported. However, knowledge about the organization of the nerve system of the crab remains largely unknown. To study the ultrastructure of the cerebral ganglia of E. sinensis and to compare the histological findings regarding the nerve systems of crustaceans, the cerebral ganglia were observed by transmission electron microscopy. The results showed that four types of gliocytes, including type I, II, III, and IV gliocytes were located in the cerebral ganglia. In addition, three types of synapses were present in the cerebral ganglia, including unidirectional synapses, bidirectional synapses, and combined type synapses. 

The role of light and the cerebral ganglia in the hydric balance of some lumbricid species

1989 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-40
Author(s):  
Encarnacion Sequeros Jimenez ◽  
Nuria Navarro Diaz
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Ganglia ◽  
Role Of Light

Actinlike filaments in the neurosecretory cells of Helisoma duryi (Gastropoda, Pulmonata)

1976 ◽  
Vol 54 (11) ◽  
pp. 2001-2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. S. M. Saleuddin ◽  
Gwyneth M. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Neurosecretory Cells ◽  
Neurosecretory Granule ◽  
Heavy Meromyosin ◽  
Cerebral Ganglia ◽  
Helisoma Duryi

The mediodorsal neurosecretory cells in the cerebral ganglia of Helisoma duryi send axons into the median lip nerve, where they terminate to form a probable neurohaemal area. After glycerination these cells are shown to contain a branching network of 5- to 6-nm diameter filaments, which are abundant throughout the axon and axon ending but less prominent in the perikaryon. The filaments react with heavy meromyosin subfraction SI, increasing in thickness and forming arrowhead-shaped complexes; the reaction is reversed by adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP). This reaction indicates that the filaments contain actin, and it is suggested that actin–myosin interactions could be responsible for neurosecretory granule transport along the axon.

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