scholarly journals A minimum fluid volume of 75 mL is needed to ensure adequacy in a pleural effusion: A retrospective analysis of 2540 cases

2014 ◽  
Vol 122 (9) ◽  
pp. 657-665 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa M. Rooper ◽  
Syed Z. Ali ◽  
Matthew T. Olson
Keyword(s):  
Pleural Effusion ◽  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Fluid Volume

scholarly journals Application of the Drowning Index to Opioid & Multidrug Intoxication Deaths: A Retrospective Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 44-50
Author(s):  
Lindsey T Ellis ◽  
Madeleine Opsahl ◽  
Deiter J. Duff ◽  
Carl C. Stacy
Keyword(s):  
Pleural Effusion ◽  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Spleen Weight ◽  
Organ Weights ◽  
Autopsy Findings ◽  
Effusion Fluid

Introduction: Drowning deaths present a challenge for forensic pathologists, because the autopsy findings may occur in many nondrowning scenarios. Previous studies have attempted to identify patterns in organ weights that may be specific for drowning. The drowning index (DI) has been defined as the weight ratio of the lungs and pleural effusion fluid to the spleen. Studies have suggested DI may be useful in confirming drowning as the cause of death. No studies have yet compared autopsy findings in drownings to those in drug-related deaths, in spite of their qualitative similarities. Materials and Methods: We compared the lung and pleural effusion weight, spleen weight, and DI from 536 autopsies ruled drowning, opioid, or multidrug intoxication, or hanging in Columbia, Missouri, from 2011 to 2016. Results: Opioid overdoses result in heavier lungs and spleens than drownings, multidrug overdoses, or hangings. There is no DI value at which a death can be definitively ascribed to drowning. The median DI was significantly higher in drownings than in opioid intoxications, multidrug intoxications, or hangings ( P < .0001; P = .001; P = .005). However, very few drowning cases (13.33%) had a DI >14.1. Additionally, many opioid and multidrug overdoses had a DI >14.1. The highest calculated DI value (DI = 33) was associated with multidrug intoxication. Conclusion: In our opinion, the DI has little, if any, utility in distinguishing between drowning and drug-related deaths.

scholarly journals TREATMENT OF PLEURAL EFFUSION IN DEPENDENCE ON THE FLUID VOLUME

2011 ◽  
pp. 46-49
Author(s):  
V. V. Lishenko ◽  
D. A. Zaytsev ◽  
M. Ya. Belikova ◽  
E. V. Chizhova
Keyword(s):  
Pleural Effusion ◽  
Fluid Volume

scholarly journals Retrospective analysis of survival time in malignant pleural effusion requiring IPC insertion

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachelle Asciak ◽  
Rob Hallifax ◽  
Rebecca Shakir ◽  
Nikolaos Kanellakis ◽  
Ioannis Psallidas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pleural Effusion ◽  
Survival Time ◽  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Malignant Pleural Effusion

scholarly journals Retrospective analysis of unknown primary cancers with malignant pleural effusion at initial diagnosis

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takahiro Ebata ◽  
Yusuke Okuma ◽  
Yoshiro Nakahara ◽  
Makiko Yomota ◽  
Yusuke Takagi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pleural Effusion ◽  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Malignant Pleural Effusion ◽  
Initial Diagnosis ◽  
Unknown Primary

scholarly journals Effect of Neutralizing Transforming Growth Factor β1 on the Immune Response against Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Guinea Pigs

2004 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 1358-1363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon Sedberry Allen ◽  
Lynne Cassone ◽  
Todd M. Lasco ◽  
David N. McMurray
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Pleural Effusion ◽  
Pleural Fluid ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Fluid Volume ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Tgf Β1

ABSTRACT Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) is a cytokine which has been shown to suppress the antimycobacterial immune responses of humans and experimental animals. In this study, the contributions of TGF-β to cytokine production in vivo were investigated by using the established guinea pig model of tuberculous pleurisy. Mycobacterium bovis BCG-vaccinated guinea pigs were injected intrapleurally with heat-killed virulent Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Eight days following induction of an antigen-specific pleural effusion, guinea pigs were injected intrapleurally with anti-TGF-β1 or isotype control antibody. The following day, pleural exudates were removed, and the fluid volume and characteristics of the infiltrating cells were determined. Pleural fluid was analyzed for total interferon (IFN) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) protein levels by using appropriate bioassays. RNA from pleural effusion cells was examined to determine TGF-β1, TNF-α, IFN-γ, and interleukin-8 mRNA levels by using real-time PCR. Proliferative responses of pleural effusion lymphocytes were examined in response to concanavalin A and purified protein derivative (PPD) in vitro. Treatment with anti-TGF-β1 resulted in decreased pleural fluid volume and decreased cell numbers in the pleural space along with an increased percentage of lymphocytes and a decreased percentage of neutrophils. The bioactive TNF protein levels in pleural fluid were increased in guinea pigs treated with anti-TGF-β1, while the bioactive IFN protein concentrations were not altered. Expression of TGF-β1 and TNF-α mRNA was significantly increased following TGF-β1 neutralization. Finally, PPD-induced proliferative responses of pleural cells from anti-TGF-β1-treated animals were significantly enhanced. Thus, TGF-β1 may be involved in the resolution of this local, mycobacterial antigen-specific inflammatory response.

Monoclonal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor antibody reduces fluid volume in an experimental model of inflammatory pleural effusion

Respirology ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 1188-1193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabrina C.C. RIBEIRO ◽  
Francisco S. VARGAS ◽  
Leila ANTONANGELO ◽  
Evaldo MARCHI ◽  
Eduardo H. GENOFRE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Pleural Effusion ◽  
Experimental Model ◽  
Fluid Volume ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor
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