Actin-dependent motility of melanosomes from fish retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells investigated using in vitro motility assays

2004 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. L. McNeil ◽  
D. Tacelosky ◽  
P. Basciano ◽  
B. Biallas ◽  
R. Williams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retinal Pigment Epithelial ◽  
Retinal Pigment ◽  
Rpe Cells ◽  
In Vitro Motility ◽  
Pigment Epithelial

scholarly journals Identification of cell surface markers and establishment of monolayer differentiation to retinal pigment epithelial cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alvaro Plaza Reyes ◽  
Sandra Petrus-Reurer ◽  
Sara Padrell Sánchez ◽  
Pankaj Kumar ◽  
Iyadh Douagi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Surface ◽  
Retinal Pigment Epithelial ◽  
Retinal Pigment ◽  
Surface Markers ◽  
Cell Surface Markers ◽  
In Vitro Differentiation ◽  
Rpe Cells ◽  
Pigment Epithelial ◽  
Differentiation Efficiency

AbstractIn vitro differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells into functional retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells provides a potentially unlimited source for cell based reparative therapy of age-related macular degeneration. Although the inherent pigmentation of the RPE cells have been useful to grossly evaluate differentiation efficiency and allowed manual isolation of pigmented structures, accurate quantification and automated isolation has been challenging. To address this issue, here we perform a comprehensive antibody screening and identify cell surface markers for RPE cells. We show that these markers can be used to isolate RPE cells during in vitro differentiation and to track, quantify and improve differentiation efficiency. Finally, these surface markers aided to develop a robust, direct and scalable monolayer differentiation protocol on human recombinant laminin-111 and −521 without the need for manual isolation.

scholarly journals Tauroursodeoxycholic Acid Protects Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells from Oxidative Injury and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress In Vitro

Biomedicines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 367
Author(s):  
Reem Hasaballah Alhasani ◽  
Mohammad Almarhoun ◽  
Xinzhi Zhou ◽  
James Reilly ◽  
Steven Patterson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Er Stress ◽  
Retinal Degeneration ◽  
Retinal Pigment Epithelial ◽  
Retinal Pigment ◽  
Tauroursodeoxycholic Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Genes ◽  
Rpe Cells ◽  
Pigment Epithelial

Retinal degeneration is characterized by the dysfunction of retinal cells. Oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress play an important role in the pathogenesis and progression of retinal degeneration. Tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) has been demonstrated to have protective effects in in vitro and in vivo retinal degeneration models. To fully understand the molecular mechanisms of TUDCA’s protection, we first treated human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells, ARPE-19, with H2O2 or H2O2 plus TUDCA for 24 h. RPE cells co-exposed to TUDCA had higher cell viability and lower cell death rate compared to cells exposed to H2O2 alone. TUDCA significantly increased antioxidant capacity in H2O2-treated RPE cells by decreasing the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Malondialdehyde (MDA), upregulating the expression of antioxidant genes, and increasing the generation of glutathione (GSH). TUDCA also inhibited inflammation in H2O2-challenged RPE cells by decreasing the expression of proinflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, TUDCA suppressed thapsigargin-induced ER stress in RPE cells, as demonstrated by decreased the expression of CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) and apoptosis. Our present study suggests that TUDCA can protect RPE cells against oxidative damage, inflammation, and ER stress and may benefit patients with retinal degeneration.

scholarly journals Rat retinal pigment epithelial cells show specificity of phagocytosis in vitro.

1986 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 299-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
P L Mayerson ◽  
M O Hall
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cultures ◽  
Retinal Pigment Epithelial ◽  
Retinal Pigment ◽  
Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells ◽  
Rpe Cells ◽  
Pigment Epithelial ◽  
Retinal Rod ◽  
Immunofluorescence Labeling ◽  
Pigment Epithelial Cells

The retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cell of the eye normally phagocytozes only retinal rod outer segments (ROS). The specificity of this phagocytic process was examined by incubating RPE cells with a variety of particle types. Confluent RPE cell cultures were incubated for 3 h at 37 degrees C in the presence of rat ROS, rat red blood cells (RBC), algae, bacteria, or yeast. Other cell cultures were incubated with equal numbers of ROS and one other particle type. Quantitative scanning electron microscopy was used to determine the numbers and morphology of particles bound to RPE cells, while double immunofluorescence labeling (Chaitin, M. H., and M. O. Hall, 1983, Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., 24:812-820) was used to quantitate particle binding and ingestion. Both assays demonstrated phagocytosis to be a highly specific process. RPE cells bound 40-250 X more ROS than RBC, 30 X more ROS than algae, and 5 X more ROS than bacteria or yeast. Ingestion was more specific than binding; RPE cells ingested 970 X more ROS than RBC, 140 X more ROS than bacteria, and 35 X more ROS than yeast. The phagocytic preference for ROS was maintained in competition experiments with other particle types. Serum was found to be essential for phagocytosis. This study demonstrates that both the binding and ingestion phases of phagocytosis are highly specific processes.

scholarly journals Effects of Secreted Mast Cell Mediators on Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells: Focus on Mast Cell Tryptase

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rei Arai ◽  
Ayumi Usui-Ouchi ◽  
Yosuke Ito ◽  
Keitaro Mashimo ◽  
Akira Murakami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Retinal Pigment Epithelial ◽  
Retinal Pigment ◽  
Interleukin 8 ◽  
Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Antibody Array ◽  
Rpe Cells ◽  
Pigment Epithelial

Numerous mast cells are present in the choroid, but the effects of mast cell mediators on retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells are not well understood. We investigated the influence of mast cell mediators on RPE cells in vitro, focusing on tryptase. Expression of receptors was examined by the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. We also assessed production of interleukin 8 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) after RPE cells were stimulated with mast cell mediators by using an antibody array and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Furthermore, we investigated the influence of tryptase on RPE cell migration and integrity by the scratch assay and the transepithelial resistance. RPE cells expressed protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2), histamine receptor 1, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) receptor 1, and CCR 1, 3, 4, 8, and 11. Tryptase, PAR2 agonists, histamine, and TNF-α all enhanced interleukin 8 production by RPE cells, while only tryptase enhanced VEGF production. Tryptase also enhanced expression of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2, resulting in increased migration of RPE cells. However, tryptase did not alter epithelial integrity or the expression of zonula occludens-1 and junctional adhesion molecule-A by RPE cells. Mast cell mediators, especially tryptase, may influence RPE cell inflammation.

Melatonin inhibits the proliferation of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells in vitro

1993 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 415-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hing-Sing Yu ◽  
Veronica Hernandez ◽  
Mark Haywood ◽  
Corinne G. Wong
Keyword(s):  
Retinal Pigment Epithelial ◽  
Retinal Pigment ◽  
Rpe Cells ◽  
Pigment Epithelial

scholarly journals A Safe GDNF and GDNF/BDNF Controlled Delivery System Improves Migration in Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells and Survival in Retinal Ganglion Cells: Potential Usefulness in Degenerative Retinal Pathologies

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Alicia Arranz-Romera ◽  
Maria Hernandez ◽  
Patricia Checa-Casalengua ◽  
Alfredo Garcia-Layana ◽  
Irene T. Molina-Martinez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Viability ◽  
Retinal Ganglion Cells ◽  
Neurotrophic Factor ◽  
Retinal Pigment Epithelial ◽  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Retinal Pigment ◽  
Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase ◽  
Retinal Ganglion ◽  
Pigment Epithelial

We assessed the sustained delivery effect of poly (lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA)/vitamin E (VitE) microspheres (MSs) loaded with glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) alone (GDNF-MSs) or combined with brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF; GDNF/BDNF-MSs) on migration of the human adult retinal pigment epithelial cell-line-19 (ARPE-19) cells, primate choroidal endothelial (RF/6A) cells, and the survival of isolated mouse retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). The morphology of the MSs, particle size, and encapsulation efficiencies of the active substances were evaluated. In vitro release, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) cell viability, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) deoxyuridine dUTP nick-end labelling (TUNEL) apoptosis, functional wound healing migration (ARPE-19; migration), and (RF/6A; angiogenesis) assays were conducted. The safety of MS intravitreal injection was assessed using hematoxylin and eosin, neuronal nuclei (NeuN) immunolabeling, and TUNEL assays, and RGC in vitro survival was analyzed. MSs delivered GDNF and co-delivered GDNF/BDNF in a sustained manner over 77 days. The BDNF/GDNF combination increased RPE cell migration, whereas no effect was observed on RF/6A. MSs did not alter cell viability, apoptosis was absent in vitro, and RGCs survived in vitro for seven weeks. In mice, retinal toxicity and apoptosis was absent in histologic sections. This delivery strategy could be useful as a potential co-therapy in retinal degenerations and glaucoma, in line with future personalized long-term intravitreal treatment as different amounts (doses) of microparticles can be administered according to patients’ needs.

Cyanidin-3-glucoside attenuates 4-hydroxynonenal- and visible light-induced retinal damage in vitro and in vivo

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 2871-2880 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Wang ◽  
Wentao Qi ◽  
Yazhen Huo ◽  
Ge Song ◽  
Hui Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retinal Pigment Epithelial ◽  
Retinal Pigment ◽  
Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells ◽  
Retinal Damage ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Pigment Epithelial ◽  
Induced Apoptosis ◽  
Pigment Epithelial Cells

Cyanidin-3-glucoside has efficient protective effects on 4-hydroxynonenal-induced apoptosis, senescence, and angiogenesis in retinal pigment epithelial cells.

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