scholarly journals Effects of Secreted Mast Cell Mediators on Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells: Focus on Mast Cell Tryptase

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rei Arai ◽  
Ayumi Usui-Ouchi ◽  
Yosuke Ito ◽  
Keitaro Mashimo ◽  
Akira Murakami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Retinal Pigment Epithelial ◽  
Retinal Pigment ◽  
Interleukin 8 ◽  
Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Antibody Array ◽  
Rpe Cells ◽  
Pigment Epithelial

Numerous mast cells are present in the choroid, but the effects of mast cell mediators on retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells are not well understood. We investigated the influence of mast cell mediators on RPE cells in vitro, focusing on tryptase. Expression of receptors was examined by the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. We also assessed production of interleukin 8 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) after RPE cells were stimulated with mast cell mediators by using an antibody array and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Furthermore, we investigated the influence of tryptase on RPE cell migration and integrity by the scratch assay and the transepithelial resistance. RPE cells expressed protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2), histamine receptor 1, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) receptor 1, and CCR 1, 3, 4, 8, and 11. Tryptase, PAR2 agonists, histamine, and TNF-α all enhanced interleukin 8 production by RPE cells, while only tryptase enhanced VEGF production. Tryptase also enhanced expression of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2, resulting in increased migration of RPE cells. However, tryptase did not alter epithelial integrity or the expression of zonula occludens-1 and junctional adhesion molecule-A by RPE cells. Mast cell mediators, especially tryptase, may influence RPE cell inflammation.

scholarly journals Rat retinal pigment epithelial cells show specificity of phagocytosis in vitro.

1986 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 299-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
P L Mayerson ◽  
M O Hall
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cultures ◽  
Retinal Pigment Epithelial ◽  
Retinal Pigment ◽  
Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells ◽  
Rpe Cells ◽  
Pigment Epithelial ◽  
Retinal Rod ◽  
Immunofluorescence Labeling ◽  
Pigment Epithelial Cells

The retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cell of the eye normally phagocytozes only retinal rod outer segments (ROS). The specificity of this phagocytic process was examined by incubating RPE cells with a variety of particle types. Confluent RPE cell cultures were incubated for 3 h at 37 degrees C in the presence of rat ROS, rat red blood cells (RBC), algae, bacteria, or yeast. Other cell cultures were incubated with equal numbers of ROS and one other particle type. Quantitative scanning electron microscopy was used to determine the numbers and morphology of particles bound to RPE cells, while double immunofluorescence labeling (Chaitin, M. H., and M. O. Hall, 1983, Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., 24:812-820) was used to quantitate particle binding and ingestion. Both assays demonstrated phagocytosis to be a highly specific process. RPE cells bound 40-250 X more ROS than RBC, 30 X more ROS than algae, and 5 X more ROS than bacteria or yeast. Ingestion was more specific than binding; RPE cells ingested 970 X more ROS than RBC, 140 X more ROS than bacteria, and 35 X more ROS than yeast. The phagocytic preference for ROS was maintained in competition experiments with other particle types. Serum was found to be essential for phagocytosis. This study demonstrates that both the binding and ingestion phases of phagocytosis are highly specific processes.

Cyanidin-3-glucoside attenuates 4-hydroxynonenal- and visible light-induced retinal damage in vitro and in vivo

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 2871-2880 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Wang ◽  
Wentao Qi ◽  
Yazhen Huo ◽  
Ge Song ◽  
Hui Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retinal Pigment Epithelial ◽  
Retinal Pigment ◽  
Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells ◽  
Retinal Damage ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Pigment Epithelial ◽  
Induced Apoptosis ◽  
Pigment Epithelial Cells

Cyanidin-3-glucoside has efficient protective effects on 4-hydroxynonenal-induced apoptosis, senescence, and angiogenesis in retinal pigment epithelial cells.

Effect of hrWnt7a on Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells In Vitro

2015 ◽  
Vol 159 (4) ◽  
pp. 534-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. V. Kuznetsova ◽  
A. M. Kurinov ◽  
E. V. Chentsova ◽  
P. V. Makarov ◽  
M. A. Aleksandrova
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Retinal Pigment Epithelial ◽  
Retinal Pigment ◽  
Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells ◽  
Pigment Epithelial ◽  
Pigment Epithelial Cells

Hesperidin Prevents High Glucose-Induced Damage of Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells

Planta Medica ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 84 (14) ◽  
pp. 1030-1037 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wayne Liu ◽  
Shorong-Shii Liou ◽  
Tang-Yao Hong ◽  
I-Min Liu
Keyword(s):  
High Glucose ◽  
Retinal Pigment Epithelial ◽  
Colorimetric Assay ◽  
Retinal Pigment ◽  
Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Rpe Cells ◽  
Pigment Epithelial

AbstractThe present study aimed to determine whether hesperidin, a plant-based active flavanone found in citrus fruits, can prevent high glucose-induced retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cell impairment. Cultured human RPE cells (ARPE-19) were exposed to a normal glucose concentration (5.5 mM) for 4 d and then soaked in either normal (5.5 mM) or high (33.3 mM) concentrations of D-glucose with or without different concentrations of hesperidin (10, 20, or 40 µM) for another 48 h. The survival rates of the cells were measured using a 3-(4,5-dimethyl thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide reduction assay. With the help of a fluorescent probe, the intracellular production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was evaluated. Colorimetric assay kits were used to assess the antioxidant enzyme activities, and western blotting was used to measure the expression of apoptosis-related protein. Hesperidin was effective in inhibiting high glucose-induced ROS production, preventing loss of cell viability, and promoting the endogenous antioxidant defense components, including glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione, in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, high glucose triggered cell apoptosis via the upregulation of caspase-9/3, enhancement of cytochrome c release into the cytosol, and subsequent interruption of the Bax/Bcl-2 balance. These detrimental effects were ameliorated by hesperidin in a concentration-dependent manner. We conclude that through the scavenging of ROS and modulation of the mitochondria-mediated apoptotic pathway, hesperidin may protect RPE cells from high glucose-induced injury and thus may be a candidate in preventing the visual impairment caused by diabetic retinopathy.

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