Fate of Benzalkonium Chloride in a Sewage Sludge Low Temperature Conversion Process Investigated by LC-LC/ESI-MS/MS

2007 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heike Sütterlin ◽  
Rainer Trittler ◽  
Sebastian Bojanowski ◽  
Ernst A. Stadlbauer ◽  
Klaus Kümmerer
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Benzalkonium Chloride ◽  
Conversion Process ◽  
Esi Ms

Mechanism and kinetics of low-temperature thermo-chemical conversion process for sewage sludge

2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (10) ◽  
pp. 341-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Ho ◽  
L. Shao ◽  
G. Gu ◽  
G. Li
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Chemical Conversion ◽  
Transfer Characteristic ◽  
Reaction Model ◽  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Conversion Process ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Aliphatic Compounds ◽  
Elementary Analysis

The low-temperature thermo-chemical conversion process for sewage sludge is a prospective technology, through which the energy in the sludge can be recovered. With the help of elementary analysis of sewage sludge and its conversion products, thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) of the sludge and GC/MS analysis of the derived oil, a study was carried out on element transfer, characteristic conversion temperature and conversion reaction mechanism of the process. The following results are obtained: 1) the predominant conversion reactions are distillation of aliphatic compounds, splitting of protein peptide bonds and group transfer; and 2) the main components involved in the conversion are aliphatic compounds and protein, with the lower reaction temperature for the former, the higher for the latter and the highest for saccharides. Based on the mechanism analyses, the simplified reaction model of the thermo-chemical conversion process for sewage sludge consists of two serial competitive reactions (producing volatile matter and char respectively). The estimated Arrhennius kinetic parameters of the reaction model based on TGA testing results are A1 = 4.15×106 1/s, n1 = 2, E1 = 98 kJ/mol; A2 = 1.42×105 1/s, n2 = 2, E2 = 85 kJ/mol; A3 = 1.01×1012 1/s, n3 = 4, E3 =190 kJ/mol; A4 = 1.33×109 1/s, n4 = 4,E4 = 146 kJ/mol.

Drying and low temperature conversion - a process combination to treat sewage sludge obtained from oil refineries

1996 ◽  
Vol 34 (10) ◽  
pp. 133-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Th. Steger ◽  
Wolfgang Meißner
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Conversion Process ◽  
Water Separation ◽  
Oil Refineries ◽  
Solids Concentration ◽  
Oil Water Separation ◽  
Oil Water ◽  
Process Combination

Sewage sludge from oil refineries poses special problems in the disposal of solid, and often hazardous waste. Drying followed by low temperature conversion (i.e., pyrolysis at 400°C) renders sludge to fuel oil and char. This process was operated in full scale, using an input of 40 tonnes. An overall oil yield of 35% and a rate of 45% of char referring to the input of dried solids was achieved during the conversion process using a sludge having 16% dried solids concentration. Halogenated organics and PAH present in the the feed sludge were reduced during the conversion process by 98.4% and 83.7% respectively. Mercury was completely removed from the fuel oil and char through adsorption to the residue of oil/water separation (centrifugal sludge). The conversion oil produced meets fuel oil standards and can be used for industrial purposes. The char produced can be used as a reducing agent in steel manufacture.

The low-temperature SCR of NO over rice straw and sewage sludge derived char

2010 ◽  
Vol 156 (2) ◽  
pp. 321-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Sun Cha ◽  
Jong-Cheol Choi ◽  
Jeong Huy Ko ◽  
Young-Kwon Park ◽  
Sung Hoon Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Scr Of No ◽  
Low Temperature Scr

Phosphorus bioavailability in ash from straw and sewage sludge processed by low-temperature biomass gasification

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. S. Müller-Stöver ◽  
I. Jakobsen ◽  
M. Grønlund ◽  
M. M. M. Rolsted ◽  
J. Magid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Biomass Gasification

Low-temperature alkaline pyrolysis of sewage sludge for enhanced H2 production with in-situ carbon capture

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (16) ◽  
pp. 8020-8027 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Zhao ◽  
Fan Wang ◽  
Yiran Fan ◽  
Abdul Raheem ◽  
Hui Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
H2 Production

Low-temperature catalytic conversion of alkaline sewage sludge bio-oil to biodiesel: Product characteristics and reaction mechanisms

2020 ◽  
pp. 101266
Author(s):  
Renato O. Arazo ◽  
Sergio C. Capareda ◽  
Bjorn Ivan G. Ofrasio ◽  
Alexander L. Ido ◽  
Wei-Hsin Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Reaction Mechanisms ◽  
Catalytic Conversion ◽  
Product Characteristics ◽  
Bio Oil

Low temperature adsorption and site-conversion process of CO on the Ni(111) surface

2012 ◽  
Vol 606 (23-24) ◽  
pp. 1830-1836 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atsushi Beniya ◽  
Noritake Isomura ◽  
Hirohito Hirata ◽  
Yoshihide Watanabe
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Conversion Process
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