A Challenge for Green Chemistry: Designing Molecules that Readily Dissolve in Carbon Dioxide

ChemInform ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 35 (52) ◽  
Author(s):  
E. J. Beckman
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Green Chemistry

scholarly journals Recent Advances in Synthesis of Benzothiazole Compounds Related to Green Chemistry

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 1675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiang Gao ◽  
Jiao Liu ◽  
Xin Zuo ◽  
Xinyue Feng ◽  
Ying Gao
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Biological Activity ◽  
Green Chemistry ◽  
Future Development ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Development Trend ◽  
Acyl Chlorides ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2

Benzothiazoles have played an important role in the field of biochemistry and medicinal chemistry due to their highly pharmaceutical and biological activity. The development of synthetic processes is undoubtedly one of the most significant problems facing researchers. In this review paper, we provided recent advances in the synthesis of benzothiazole compounds related to green chemistry from condensation of 2-aminobenzenethiol with aldehydes/ketones/acids/acyl chlorides and the cyclization of thioamide or carbon dioxide (CO2) as raw materials, and the future development trend and prospect of the synthesis of benzothiazoles were anticipated.

Free-Radical Chemistry in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Tanko
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Supercritical Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Green Chemistry ◽  
Chemical Reactions ◽  
Environmentally Benign ◽  
Supercritical State ◽  
Liquid Phases ◽  
Temperature And Pressure ◽  
Supercritical Carbon

During the 1990s, the chemical industry has focused on ways to reduce and prevent pollution caused by chemical synthesis and manufacturing. The goal of this approach is to modify existing reaction conditions and/or to develop new chemistries that do not require the use of toxic reagents or solvents, or that do not produce toxic by-products. The terms “environmentally benign synthesis and processing” and “green chemistry” have been coined to describe this approach where the environmental impact of a process is as important an issue as reaction yield, efficiency, or cost. Most chemical reactions require the use of a solvent that may serve several functions in a reaction: for example, ensuring homogeneity of the reactants, facilitating heat transfer, extraction of a product (or by-product), or product purification via chromatography. However, because the solvent is only indirectly involved in a reaction (i.e., it is not consumed), its disposal becomes an important issue. Thus, one obvious approach to “green chemistry” is to identify alternative solvents that are nontoxic and/or environmentally benign. Supercritical carbon dioxide (sc CO2) has been identified as a solvent that may be a viable alternative to solvents such as CCl4, benzene, and chloroflurocarbons (CFCs), which are either toxic or damaging to the environment. The critical state is achieved when a substance is taken above its critical temperature and pressure (Tc, Pc). Above this point on a phase diagram, the gas and liquid phases become indistinguishable. The physical properties of the supercritical state (e.g., density, viscosity, solubility parameter, etc.) are intermediate between those of a gas and a liquid, and vary considerably as a function of temperature and pressure. The interest in sc CO2 specifically is related to the fact that CO2 is nontoxic and naturally occurring. The critical parameters of CO2 are moderate (Tc = 31 °C, Pc = 74 bar), which means that the supercritical state can be achieved without a disproportionate expenditure of energy. For these two reasons, there is a great deal of interest in sc CO2 as a solvent for chemical reactions. This chapter reviews the literature pertaining to free-radical reactions in sc CO2 solvent.

scholarly journals Methane Production from H2 + CO2 Reaction: An Open Molecular Science Case for Computational and Experimental Studies

Physchem ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-94
Author(s):  
Stefano Falcinelli ◽  
Andrea Capriccioli ◽  
Marzio Rosi ◽  
Carles Martì ◽  
Marco Parriani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalysis ◽  
Green Chemistry ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Catalytic Reduction ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Future Potential ◽  
Technological Means ◽  
Catalysis Process

The article illustrates the synergy between theoretical/computational advances and advanced experimental achievements to pursue green chemistry and circular economy technological implementations. The specific green chemistry focus concerns the production of carbon neutral fuels by converting waste carbon dioxide into methane. Both theoretical-computational and technological means were adopted to design a functional option implementing a heterogeneous catalysis process (Paul Sabatier (PS) catalytic reduction) to convert carbon dioxide into methane, and to further drive its evolution towards the employment of an alternative homogeneous gas phase plasma assisted technology. The details of both the theoretical and the experimental components of the study are presented and discussed. Future potential developments, including industrial ones, are outlined that are also from innovative collaborative economic prosumer model perspectives.

Virtually going green: The role of quantum computational chemistry in reducing pollution and toxicity in chemistry

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Stevens
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Green Chemistry ◽  
Computational Chemistry ◽  
Quantum Mechanical Calculation ◽  
Quantum Mechanical ◽  
Mechanical Calculation ◽  
Computational Quantum Chemistry ◽  
Green Synthetic Chemistry ◽  
Computational Quantum

AbstractContinuing advances in computational chemistry has permitted quantum mechanical calculation to assist in research in green chemistry and to contribute to the greening of chemical practice. Presented here are recent examples illustrating the contribution of computational quantum chemistry to green chemistry, including the possibility of using computation as a green alternative to experiments, but also illustrating contributions to greener catalysis and the search for greener solvents. Examples of applications of computation to ambitious projects for green synthetic chemistry using carbon dioxide are also presented.

Green Chemistry: Photosynthesis

Reactions ◽  
2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Atkins
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Green Chemistry ◽  
Food Chain ◽  
Light Harvesting ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Water Molecules ◽  
Hydrogen Atoms ◽  
Visible Radiation ◽  
A Cell

Each square metre of the Earth receives up to 1 kW of solar radiation, with the exact intensity depending on latitude, season, time of day, and weather. A significant amount of this energy is harnessed by the almost magical process we know as ‘photosynthesis’ in which water and carbon dioxide are combined to form carbohydrates. Thus, from the air and driven by sunlight, vegetation plucks vegetation. That new vegetation is at the start of the food chain, for its metabolism is used to forge protein and, in our brains, drive imagination. There is probably no more important chemical reaction on Earth. A large proportion of solar radiation is absorbed by the atmosphere. Ozone and oxygen molecules absorb a lot of ultraviolet radiation, and carbon dioxide and water molecules absorb some of the infrared radiation. As a result, plants, algae, and some species of bacteria have to make do with what gets through and evolved apparatus that captures principally visible radiation. The early forms of these organisms stumbled into a way to use the energy of visible radiation, which arrives in the packets we call photons, to extract hydrogen atoms from water molecules and use them and carbon dioxide to build carbohydrate molecules, which include sugars, cellulose, and starch. The oxygen left over from splitting up water for its hydrogen went to waste. Most of the oxygen currently in the atmosphere has been generated and is maintained by photosynthesis since Nature first stumbled on the process about 2 billion years ago and thereby caused the first great pollution. That pollution, in Nature’s characteristically careless and wholly thoughtless and unplanned way, was to turn out to be to our great advantage. Photosynthesis begins in the organelle (a component of a cell) known as a ‘chloroplast’, so you need to poke around inside one if you are to understand what is going on. I shall focus on the light harvesting and the accompanying ‘light reactions’. What follows them, the so called ‘dark reactions’ in which the captured energy is put to use to string CO2 molecules together into carbohydrates, is controlled in a highly complex way by enzymes.

scholarly journals Frontiers in green chemistry utilizing carbon dioxide for polymer synthesis and applications

2000 ◽  
Vol 72 (7) ◽  
pp. 1357-1363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer L. Young ◽  
Joseph M. DeSimone
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Green Chemistry ◽  
Polymer Synthesis ◽  
Environmentally Benign

In the last ten years, there has been incredible growth in research involving the use of carbon dioxide as an environmentally benign solvent. This article will highlight polymer synthesis, characterization, and applications in CO2 and place this research in the context of both green chemistry and the latest developments in CO2 technology.

scholarly journals Photochemical Reduction of Carbon Dioxide to Formic Acid

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shoubhik Das ◽  
Robin Cauwenbergh
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Green Chemistry ◽  
Formic Acid ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Carbon Capture And Storage ◽  
Photochemical Reduction ◽  
The Past ◽  
Carbon Capture And Utilization ◽  
And Storage

With the growing awareness of green chemistry, carbon capture and utilization (CCU) has got tremendous attention compared to the carbon capture and storage (CCS). Over the past decades, the development...

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