scholarly journals Preemergence herbicide selection, not spray carrier volume, impacted weed management in conventional tillage systems

cftm ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Striegel ◽  
Ryan P. DeWerff ◽  
Nicholas J. Arneson ◽  
Maxwel C. Oliveira ◽  
Rodrigo Werle
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Carrier Volume

Effects of Tillage Systems and Weed Management on Weed Populations in Grain Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)

Weed Science ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 541-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
William K. Vencill ◽  
Philip A. Banks
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
High Input ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Sorghum Production ◽  
Smooth Pigweed

Field research was conducted from 1987 to 1991 to evaluate the influence of four weed management systems on weed population and species dynamics in conventional-tillage and no-tillage grain sorghum production. These weed management systems included zero, low, medium, and high input systems. The weed seedbank increased faster in zero and low input weed management systems than in the high input weed management systems because of differences in weed control. Tillage influenced weed seed densities as well. Common ragweed, common lambsquarters, horseweed, and sicklepod seed densities often were greater in no-tillage than conventional-tillage plots. Common cocklebur and large crabgrass seed densities were usually greater in conventional-tillage than no-tillage plots. Smooth pigweed seed densities were not affected by tillage. Increasing weed management inputs diminished differences between tillage systems. Smooth pigweed dominated the weed populations after 4 yr in both tillage systems even in high input systems.

Weed Management and Cotton Yield under Two Row Spacings in Conventional and Conservation Tillage Systems Utilizing Conventional, Glufosinate-, and Glyphosate-based Weed Management Systems

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 542-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Aulakh ◽  
A. J. Price ◽  
K. S. Balkcom
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Management System ◽  
Conservation Tillage ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Palmer Amaranth ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Large Crabgrass

A field experiment was conducted during three cropping seasons to compare weed control and cotton yield provided by conventional (CV), glufosinate-resistant (LL), and glyphosate-resistant (RR) weed management systems under standard (102 cm) and narrow (38 cm) row spacing grown in conventional and conservation tillage systems. The conventional tillage and/or CV cotton received a PRE application of pendimethalin. The CV, LL, and RR cotton varieties received two POST applications of pyrithiobac, glufosinate, and glyphosate, respectively, at two- and four-leaf cotton growth stages. A final (LAYBY) application of trifloxysulfuron was applied to 38-cm row cotton while a LAYBY POST-directed spray of prometryn plus MSMA was used in 102-cm row cotton. The LL and RR weed management systems controlled at least 97% of large crabgrass, Palmer amaranth, sicklepod, and smallflower morningglory, while the CV system controlled 89, 73, and 87 to 98% of large crabgrass, smallflower morningglory, and Palmer amaranth, respectively. Sicklepod control increased from 85% in 102-cm rows to 95% in 38-cm rows in the CV herbicide system. Yellow nutsedge and pitted morningglory control exceeded 98% and was not affected by tillage, row spacing, or weed management system. Cotton yield was not affected by row spacing any year, by tillage in 2005, or by weed management system in 2004 and 2005. In 2006, yield in the RR weed management system was 27 and 24% higher than LL and CV weed management systems, respectively. In 2004, yield of conventional tillage cotton was 18% higher than conservation tillage cotton, but in 2006 the yield in conservation tillage was 12% higher than conventional tillage.

scholarly journals Influence of Tillage Systems and Selective Herbicides on Weed Management and Productivity of Direct-Seeded Rice (Oryza sativa)

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. ABBAS ◽  
A. KHALIQ ◽  
M. SAQIB ◽  
M.Z. MAJEED ◽  
S. ULLAH ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Fluoride ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Zero Tillage ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Weed Density ◽  
Dry Biomass ◽  
Tillage System

ABSTRACT: Weeds cause considerable damage to rice crop. To ascertain the influence of different weed management practices under different tillage systems, a field experiment was conducted during 2014-15. Experimental design was RCB with split-plot arrangement and with a net plot size of 6 x 2 m. Three tillage systems viz; zero tillage with glyphosate application and conventional tillage with and without stale seed bed, and seven weed management treatments viz; weedy check, manual weeding, oxadiargyl as pre-emergence, pyrazosulfuron as pre-emergence, pyrazosulfuron as post-emergence, fenoxaprop-ethyle + sodium fluoride as post-emergence and fenoxaprop-ethyle + sodium fluoride as post-emergence. Results revealed that all treatments including tillage systems and herbicides significantly (p<0.05) affected weed density and weed dry biomass. Minimum weed density (229.22, 159.22 and 127.77 m-2) and weed dry biomass (68.01, 49.29 and 41.08 g m-2) at 30, 45 and 60 DAS (days after sowing) were recorded for pyrazosulfuron (as pre-emergence), respectively, followed by fenoxaprop-ethyle + sodium fluoride (as post-emergence). Maximum 1000-kernel weight and kernel yield (19.15 g and 3.45 ton ha-1) were recorded for weed free treatments and it was 12 and 57% higher than weedy check. Maximum net benefit and benefit to cost ratio (USD$ 817 ha-1 and 1.76, respectively) were recorded for pyrazosulfuron applied at either pre- or post-emergence stage under zero tillage system. Conclusively, pyrazosulfuron (as pre-emergence) and fenoxaprop-ethyle + sodium fluoride (as post-emergence) gave the best weed control under conventional tillage with stale seed bed system, while pyrazosulfuron exhibited maximum benefit-cost ratio under zero tillage system.

Integration of Weed Management and Tillage Practices in Spring Barley Production

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 367-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Drew J. Lyon ◽  
Frank L. Young
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Conservation Tillage ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Barley Grain ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Tillage System

Spring barley can be used to diversify and intensify winter wheat-based production systems in the U.S. Pacific Northwest. The objective of this study was to describe the effects of tillage system and weed management level (WML) on weed control and spring barley grain yield when grown in a winter wheat-spring barley-spring dry pea rotation. A long-term integrated pest management field study examined the effects of three WMLs (minimum, moderate, and maximum) and two tillage systems (conservation and conventional) on weed control and barley grain yield. Total weed biomass at harvest was 8.0 and 59.7 g m−2for the maximum and minimum WMLs, respectively, in the conservation tillage system, but was similar and averaged 12.2 g m−2for all three WMLs in the conventional tillage system. Despite greater weed biomass with minimum weed management in the conservation tillage system, barley grain yields averaged 5,060 and 4,780 kg ha−1for the conservation tillage and conventional tillage systems, respectively. The benefits of conservation tillage require adequate herbicide inputs.

scholarly journals Weed Management in Strip-tilled Irish Potato and Sweetpotato Systems

1996 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 238-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Greg D. Hoyt ◽  
David W. Monks
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Amaranthus Retroflexus ◽  
Irish Potato ◽  
Ambrosia Artemisiifolia ◽  
Weed Suppression ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Brachiaria Platyphylla

Experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of tillage systems and weed management on weed suppression and potato yield. Strip-tillage (ST) and conventional-tillage (CT) systems produced equal yields of Irish potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) or sweetpotato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.] when herbicide treatments were applied. Weeds in the nontreated control reduced yield of Irish potato and prevented storage root growth in sweetpotato. Excellent control of broadleaf signalgrass [Brachiaria platyphylla (Griseb.) Nash], henbit (Lamium amplexicaule L.), prickly sida (Sida spinosa L.), and common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.) was obtained with metribuzin + metolachlor applied preemergence at Irish potato planting, followed by sethoxydim + crop oil applied postemergence in ST and CT systems. Redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus L.) control was >98% at 4 weeks after treatment but was 73% to 84% at harvest across all herbicide treatments in both tillage systems. In sweetpotato, control of black mustard [Brassica nigra (L.) W.J.D. Koch], goosegrass [Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn.], and fall panicum [Panicum dichotomiflorum Michx.] was >95% throughout the growing season for all herbicide treatments in both ST and CT.

IMPACT OF WHEAT ESTABLISHMENT METHODS AND WEED MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON WEED FLORA, YIELD AND NUTRIENT UPTAKE OF WHEAT IN RICE-WHEAT CROPPING SYSTEM

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
MOHAN SINGH ◽  
OMBIR SINGH ◽  
ROHITASAV SINGH
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Zero Tillage ◽  
Phalaris Minor ◽  
Weed Population ◽  
Metsulfuron Methyl ◽  
Transplanted Rice ◽  
Weed Flora

A field experiment was conducted at the Crop Research Centre of Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology Pantnagar, Udham Singh Nagar during continuous two years to study the weed flora, yield and nutrient uptake of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under different wheat establishment methods in main plots and seven weed management in sub plots. Phalaris minor was the most dominant weed at 60 DAS contributed 55.0 per cent of total weed population. Melilotusindica was the major non grassy weeds in wheat which contributed 11 per cent to total weed population during respective years. Sowing of wheat with zero tillage significantly reduced the Phalaris minor density as compared to conventionally tilled wheat after transplanted rice, 60 per cent Phalaris minor emerged from 0-3 cm in reduced and conventional tillage where as in zero tillage after transplanted rice there was 55 per cent emergence from 0-3 cm layer.The highest grain yield was obtained in two hand weedings done at 30 and 60 DAS and was at par with Isoproturon 1.0 kg ha-1 + Metsulfuron methyl 4 g ha-1 at 30 DAS and Clodinafop – Propargyl 60 g ha-1 at 30 DAS fb. Metsulfuron methyl 4 g ha-1 at 37 DAS. Zero tillage resulted in significantly higher uptake of NPK by wheat plants as compared to conventional tillage, whereas reduced tillage recorded minimum NPK, which was significantly lower over the other treatments of wheat establishment methods.

Effect of Tillage Systems on Soil Organic Carbon and Soil Quality in a Purple Paddy Soil

2011 ◽  
Vol 183-185 ◽  
pp. 1190-1194
Author(s):  
Jun Ke Zhang ◽  
Qing Ju Hao ◽  
Chang Sheng Jiang ◽  
Yan Wu
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Paddy Soil ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Purple Soil ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Field Station ◽  
No Till ◽  
The Impact

The impact of conservation tillage practices on carbon sequestration has been of great interest in recent years. This experiment analyzed the organic carbon status of soils sampled at depth increments from 0 to 60 cm after 20 years in a purple paddy soil. The tillage experiment was established in the Key Field Station for Monitoring of Eco-Environment of Purple Soil of the Ministry of Agriculture of China, located in the farm of Southwest University (30°26′N, 106°26′E), Chongqing. In this paper, five tillage treatments including conventional tillage with rice only system (DP), conventional tillage with rotation of rice and rape system (SL), no-till and ridge culture with rotation of rice and rape system (LM), no-till and plain culture with rotation of rice and rape system (XM) and tillage and ridge culture with rotation of rice and rape system (LF) were selected as research objectives to measure SOC storage and stratification ratio of SOC (CSR). The SOC storage under different tillage systems was calculated based on an equivalent soil mass. The CSR can be used as an indicator of soil quality because surface organic matter is essential to erosion control, water infiltration, and the conservation of nutrients. Results showed that in soil under no-till SOC was concentrated near the surface, while in tilled soil SOC decreased equably with the increase of soil depth. The difference of SOC contents between the five tillage systems was the largest in the top soil and the lowest in the bottom soil. The order of SOC storage was LM (158.52 Mg C•ha-1) >DP (106.74 Mg C•ha-1) >XM (100.11 Mg C•ha-1) >LF (93.11 Mg C•ha-1) >SL (88.59 Mg C•ha-1), LM treatment was significantly higher than the other treatments. The CSR of 0-10/50-60 cm was 2.65, 2.70 and 2.14 under LM, XM and LF treatments, while 1.54 and 1.92 under DP and SL treatments. We considered CSR>2 indicate an improvement in soil quality produced by changing from tillage to no-tillage, as well as changing from plane to ridge. Overall, long-term LM treatment is a valid strategy for increasing SOC storage and improving soil quality in a purple paddy soil in Southwest China.

Soil microbial biomass and diversity respond to tillage and sulphur fertilizers

2001 ◽  
Vol 81 (5) ◽  
pp. 577-589 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Z. Lupwayi ◽  
M. A. Monreal ◽  
G. W. Clayton ◽  
C. A. Grant ◽  
A. M. Johnston ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Microbial Diversity ◽  
Soil Microorganisms ◽  
Soil Microbial Biomass ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Bulk Soil ◽  
Zero Tillage ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Soil Microbial

There is little information on the effects of S management strategies on soil microorganisms under zero tillage systems o n the North American Prairies. Experiments were conducted to examine the effects of tillage and source and placement of S on soil microbial biomass (substrate induced respiration) and functional diversity (substrate utilization patterns) in a canola-wheat rotation under conventional and zero tillage systems at three sites in Gray Luvisolic and Black Chernozemic soils. Conventional tillage significantly reduced microbial biomass and diversity on an acidic and C-poor Luvisolic soil, but it had mostly no significant effects on the near-neutral, C-rich Luvisolic and Chernozemic soils, which underlines the importance of soil C in maintaining a healthy soil. Sulphur had no significant effects on soil microbial biomass, and its effects on microbial diversity were more frequent on the near-neutral Luvisol, which was more S-deficient, than on the acidic Luvisol or the Chernozem. Significant S effects on microbial diversity were observed both in the bulk soil (negative effects, compared with the control) and rhizosphere (positive effects) of the acidic Luvisol, but all significant effects (positive) were observed in root rhizospheres in the other soils. Sulphur by tillage interactions on acidic Luvisolic soil indicated that the negative effects of S in bulk soil occurred mostly under zero tillage, presumably because the fertilizer is concentrated in a smaller volume of soil than under conventional tillage. Sulphate S effects, either negative or positive, on microbial diversity were usually greater than elemental S effects. Therefore, S application can have direct, deleterious effects on soil microorganisms or indirect, beneficial effects through crop growth, the latter presumably due to increased root exudation in the rhizosphere of healthy crops. Key Words: Biolog, conservation tillage, microbial biodiversity, rhizosphere, soil biological quality, S fertilizer type and placement

Rice Response to Nitrogen Fertilization under Stale Seedbed and Conventional Tillage Systems

2011 ◽  
Vol 103 (2) ◽  
pp. 494-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. L. Harrell ◽  
B. S. Tubaña ◽  
J. Lofton ◽  
Y. Kanke
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Tillage Systems
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