Weed Management in Transgenic Soybean Resistant to Glyphosate Under Conventional Tillage and No-Tillage Systems

2001 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishna N. Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Transgenic Soybean ◽  
Tillage Systems

Effects of Tillage Systems and Weed Management on Weed Populations in Grain Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)

Weed Science ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 541-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
William K. Vencill ◽  
Philip A. Banks
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
High Input ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Sorghum Production ◽  
Smooth Pigweed

Field research was conducted from 1987 to 1991 to evaluate the influence of four weed management systems on weed population and species dynamics in conventional-tillage and no-tillage grain sorghum production. These weed management systems included zero, low, medium, and high input systems. The weed seedbank increased faster in zero and low input weed management systems than in the high input weed management systems because of differences in weed control. Tillage influenced weed seed densities as well. Common ragweed, common lambsquarters, horseweed, and sicklepod seed densities often were greater in no-tillage than conventional-tillage plots. Common cocklebur and large crabgrass seed densities were usually greater in conventional-tillage than no-tillage plots. Smooth pigweed seed densities were not affected by tillage. Increasing weed management inputs diminished differences between tillage systems. Smooth pigweed dominated the weed populations after 4 yr in both tillage systems even in high input systems.

scholarly journals Intercepted solar radiation by maize crops subjected to different tillage systems and water availability levels

2010 ◽  
Vol 45 (12) ◽  
pp. 1331-1341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Homero Bergamaschi ◽  
Genei Antonio Dalmago ◽  
João Ito Bergonci ◽  
Cleusa Adriane Menegassi Bianchi Krüger ◽  
Bruna Maria Machado Heckler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Extinction Coefficient ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Tillage System ◽  
Crop Cycle

The objective of this work was to evaluate changes in the photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) interception efficiency and PPFD extinction coefficient for maize crop subjected to different soil tillage systems and water availability levels. Crops were subjected to no-tillage and conventional tillage systems combined with full irrigation and non-irrigation treatments. Continuous measurements of transmitted PPFD on the soil surface and incoming PPFD over the canopy were taken throughout the crop cycle. Leaf area index and soil water potential were also measured during the whole period. Considering a mean value over the maize cycle, intercepted PPFD was higher in the conventional tillage than in the no-tillage system. During the initial stages of plants, intercepted PPFD in the conventional tillage was double the PPFD interception in the no-tillage treatment. However, those differences were reduced up to the maximum leaf area index, close to tasseling stage. The lowest interception of PPFD occurred in the conventional tillage during the reproductive period, as leaf senescence progressed. Over the entire crop cycle, the interception of PPFD by the non-irrigated plants was about 20% lower than by the irrigated plants. The no-tillage system reduced the extinction coefficient for PPFD, which may have allowed a higher penetration of solar radiation into the canopy

scholarly journals Distribution and vertical stratification of carbon and nitrogen in soil under different managements in the pampean region of Argentina

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 1985-1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carina Rosa Álvarez ◽  
Alejandro Oscar Costantini ◽  
Alfredo Bono ◽  
Miguel Ángel Taboada ◽  
Flavio Hernán Gutiérrez Boem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Layer ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Total N ◽  
Organic C ◽  
C Storage ◽  
C Pools ◽  
No Till ◽  
Total Organic C

One of the expected benefits of no-tillage systems is a higher rate of soil C sequestration. However, higher C retention in soil is not always apparent when no-tillage is applied, due e.g., to substantial differences in soil type and initial C content. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential of no-tillage management to increase the stock of total organic C in soils of the Pampas region in Argentina. Forty crop fields under no-tillage and conventional tillage systems and seven undisturbed soils were sampled. Total organic C, total N, their fractions and stratification ratios and the C storage capacity of the soils under different managements were assessed in samples to a depth of 30 cm, in three layers (0-5, 5-15 and 15-30 cm). The differences between the C pools of the undisturbed and cultivated soils were significant (p < 0.05) and most pronounced in the top (0-5 cm) soil layer, with more active C near the soil surface (undisturbed > no-tillage > conventional tillage). Based on the stratification ratio of the labile C pool (0-5/5-15 cm), the untilled were separated from conventionally tilled areas. Much of the variation in potentially mineralizable C was explained by this active C fraction (R² = 0.61) and by total organic C (R² = 0.67). No-till soils did not accumulate more organic C than conventionally tilled soils in the 0-30 cm layer, but there was substantial stratification of total and active C pools at no till sites. If the C stratification ratio is really an indicator of soil quality, then the C storage potential of no-tillage would be greater than in conventional tillage, at least in the surface layers. Particulate organic C and potentially mineralizable C may be useful to evaluate variations in topsoil organic matter.

Atrazine Dissipation as Affected by Surface pH and Tillage

Weed Science ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Kells ◽  
C. E. Rieck ◽  
R. L. Blevins ◽  
W. M. Muir
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Surface Ph ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Decreasing Ph

Field studies and laboratory analyses were conducted to examine factors affecting degradation of14C-atrazine [2-chloro-4-(ethylamine)-6-(isopropylamino)-s-triazine] under field conditions. The effects of these factors on weed control under no-tillage and conventional tillage systems were also examined. The amount of radioactivity which was unextractable in 90% methanol increased with time following treatment with14C-atrazine. The rate of formation of unextractable14C compounds was greater under no-tillage and increased with decreasing pH. After 14 to 18 days, a greater amount of extractable atrazine was present in areas receiving lime. The degradation of atrazine occurred more rapidly when surface pH was less than 5.0 compared with a pH greater than 6.5. The effect of lime on the amount of parent atrazine present in the soil was directly correlated to its effect on soil pH. Extractable atrazine in the soil 45 days after treatment was significantly correlated with weed control with the greatest effect under no-tillage.

Effect of Tillage Systems on the Efficacy and Phytotoxicity of Imazaquin and Imazethapyr in Soybean (Glycine max)

Weed Science ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Anthony Mills ◽  
William W. Witt
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Adequate Control ◽  
No Till ◽  
Herbicide Treatment ◽  
Giant Foxtail

Field experiments were conducted to evaluate the interactions of tillage systems with imazaquin and imazethapyr on weed control and soybean injury and yield. Control of jimsonweed, common cocklebur, ivyleaf morningglory, velvetleaf, and giant foxtail from imazaquin and imazethapyr in conventional tillage was generally equal to or greater than control in no-tillage. However, under limited rainfall, weed control in no-tillage was generally equal to or greater than control in conventional tillage. Reductions in soybean heights due to herbicide treatment were evident in both tillage systems in 1985 and 1986 but not in. Soybean yields were reduced in 1985 from imazaquin at 140, 210, and 250 g/ha and imazethapyr at 105 and 140 g/ha. Yields were not reduced in 1986 and. Imazaquin and imazethapyr appear to provide adequate control of jimsonweed, common cocklebur, ivyleaf morningglory, velvetleaf, and giant foxtail in conventional and no-till systems.

Weed seedbank response to crop rotation and tillage in semiarid agroecosystems

Weed Science ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Dorado ◽  
J. P. Del Monte ◽  
C. López-Fando
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Mouse Ear ◽  
Tillage System ◽  
Number Of Seeds

In a semiarid Mediterranean site in central Spain, field experiments were conducted on a Calcic Haploxeralf (noncalcic brown soil), which had been managed with three crop rotations and two tillage systems (no-tillage and conventional tillage) since 1987. The crop rotations consisted of barley→vetch, barley→sunflower, and a barley monoculture. The study took place in two growing seasons (1992–1994) to assess the effects of management practices on the weed seedbank. During this period, spring weed control was not carried out in winter crops. In the no-tillage system, there was a significant increase in the number of seeds of different weed species: anacyclus, common purslane, corn poppy, knotted hedge-parsley, mouse-ear cress, spring whitlowgrass, tumble pigweed, venus-comb, andVeronica triphyllos.Conversely, the presence of prostrate knotweed and wild radish was highest in plots under conventional tillage. These results suggest large differences in the weed seedbank as a consequence of different soil conditions among tillage systems, but also the necessity of spring weed control when a no-tillage system is used. With regard to crop rotations, the number of seeds of knotted hedge-parsley, mouse-ear cress, and spring whitlowgrass was greater in the plots under the barley→vetch rotation. Common lambsquarters dominated in the plots under the barley→sunflower rotation, whereas venus-comb was the most frequent weed in the barley monoculture. Larger and more diverse weed populations developed in the barley→vetch rotation rather than in the barley→sunflower rotation or the barley monoculture.

scholarly journals Tillage, Residue, Fertilizer and Weed Management on Phenology and Yield of Spring Maize in Terai, Nepal

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 328-335
Author(s):  
Saugat Dahal ◽  
Tika Bahadur Karki ◽  
Lal Prasad Amgain ◽  
Birendra Kumar Bhattachan
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Alternative Technologies ◽  
Spring Maize ◽  
Seed Fill ◽  
Herbicide Use

With the aim of developing crop management technologies that reduce the yield gap of maize (Zea mays L.) in Nepal, a study was carried-out to determine whether the grain yield of maize could be manipulated through tillage, residue, and nutrient and weed management practices. The effect of tillage (conventional and no tillage), residue (residue retained and residue removed), fertilizer (recommended doses of fertilizer and farmers’ doses of fertilizer) and weed management practices (herbicide use and manual weeding) on phenology and grain yield of maize were investigated under maize-rice cropping system in Rampur, Nepal during 2013. The experimental results revealed that no tillage had significant effect on grain yield (6.64 Mg ha-1) and phenological parameters like days to silking, physiological maturity and seed fill duration. Similarly, residue retained treatment had significant effect on grain yield (7.02 Mg ha-1) and phenological parameters. Research dose of fertilizer had significant effect on phenological parameters and grain yield (8.42 Mg ha-1). However, weed management factor did not influence significantly on grain yield and phenological parameters. The grain yield increased in no tillage by 23.19% over conventional tillage, residue retained by 39.84% over residue removed, recommended doses of fertilizer by 132.60% over farmer dose of fertilizer. Thus, no tillage, residue retention, recommended doses of fertilizer and use of herbicide for weed management can be alternative technologies for sustainable higher grain yield. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v2i3.11001Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol. 2(3): 328-335  

scholarly journals How Do Intensification Practices Affect Weed Management and Yield in Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) Crop?

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (15) ◽  
pp. 6103
Author(s):  
Ali reza Safahani Langeroodi ◽  
Roberto Mancinelli ◽  
Emanuele Radicetti
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Cover Crops ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Chenopodium Quinoa ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Amaranthus Retroflexus ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Weed Seeds

Quinoa cultivation is well-adapted to sustainable cropping systems, even if seed yield could be severely limited due to several constraints, such as weeds. Field trials were performed in Gorgan (Iran) to quantify the effects of agro-ecological service crops (rye, CCr; winter vetch, CCw; and no cover, CC0), tillage regimes (conventional tillage, CT; and no-tillage, ZT), and herbicide rates (100% rate, H100; 75% rate, H75; and without herbicide, H0). Weed characteristics and quinoa yield were measured. Quinoa seed yield was the highest in CCw-ZT-H100. Seed yield in H100 and H75 were higher compared with H0 (2.30 vs. 1.58 t ha−1, respectively). Under conventional tillage, 46% of weed seeds were observed in the 0–10 cm soil layer and 54% in 10–20 cm soil layers, respectively, while, under no-tillage, about 63% of weed seeds were located up to 10 cm of soil. Amaranthus retroflexus L. was the most abundant species. The total weed density was the lowest in CCr-ZT-H100 and tended to be higher in CC0 (30.9 plant m−2) and under CT (29.0 plant m−2). These findings indicate that cover crops have potential for managing weeds in quinoa; however, their inclusion should be supported by chemical means to maintain high seed.

Gaseous and leaching nitrogen losses from no-tillage and conventional tillage systems following surface application of cattle manure

2008 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.S. Mkhabela ◽  
A. Madani ◽  
R. Gordon ◽  
D. Burton ◽  
D. Cudmore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Cattle Manure ◽  
Nitrogen Losses ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Surface Application

Determinants of annual fluxes of CO2 and N2O in long-term no-tillage and conventional tillage systems in northern France

2007 ◽  
Vol 95 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 133-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrien Oorts ◽  
Roel Merckx ◽  
Eric Gréhan ◽  
Jérôme Labreuche ◽  
Bernard Nicolardot
Keyword(s):  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Northern France
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