Application of Cross-Flow Microfiltration for Purifying Solvent Naphtha with Ceramic Membranes

2011 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 718-726 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Zeng ◽  
L. Zheng ◽  
X. Sun ◽  
Q. He
Keyword(s):  
Cross Flow ◽  
Ceramic Membranes ◽  
Solvent Naphtha

Drinking water production by coagulation-microfiltration and adsorption-ultrafiltration

1998 ◽  
Vol 37 (10) ◽  
pp. 135-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akira Yuasa
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Hollow Fiber ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Ceramic Membranes ◽  
Cellulose Acetate Membrane ◽  
Water Recovery ◽  
Dead End ◽  
Iron Manganese ◽  
Gac Adsorption

Microfiltration (MF) and ultrafiltration (UF) pilot plants were operated to produce drinking water from surface water from 1992 to 1996. Microfiltration was combined with pre-coagulation by polyaluminium chloride and was operated in a dead-end mode using hollow fiber polypropylene and monolith type ceramic membranes. Ultrafiltration pilot was operated in both cross-flow and dead-end modes using hollow fiber cellulose acetate membrane and was combined occasionally with powdered activated carbon (PAC) and granular activated carbon (GAC) adsorption. Turbidity in the raw water varied in the range between 1 and 100 mg/L (as standard Kaolin) and was removed almost completely in all MF and UF pilot plants to less than 0.1 mg/L. MF and UF removed metals such as iron, manganese and aluminium well. The background organics in the river water measured as KMnO4 demand varied in the range between 3 and 16 mg/L. KMnO4 demand decreased to less than 2 mg/L and to less than 3 mg/L on the average by the coagulation-MF process and the sole UF process, respectively. Combination of PAC or GAC adsorption with UF resulted in an increased removal of the background organics and the trihalomethanes formation potential as well as the micropollutants such as pesticides. Filtration flux was controlled in the range between 1.5 and 2.5 m/day with the trans-membrane pressure less than 100 kPa in most cases for MF and UF. The average water recovery varied from 99 to 85%.

scholarly journals Innovative Optical-Sensing Technology for the Online Fouling Characterization of Silicon Carbide Membranes during the Treatment of Oily Water

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 1161
Author(s):  
Mehrdad Ebrahimi ◽  
Axel A. Schmidt ◽  
Cagatay Kaplan ◽  
Oliver Schmitz ◽  
Peter Czermak
Keyword(s):  
Silicon Carbide ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Produced Water ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Ceramic Membranes ◽  
Transmembrane Pressure ◽  
Sensing Technology ◽  
Water Sensor

The oil and gas industry generates a large volume of contaminated water (produced water) which must be processed to recover oil before discharge. Here, we evaluated the performance and fouling behavior of commercial ceramic silicon carbide membranes in the treatment of oily wastewaters. In this context, microfiltration and ultrafiltration ceramic membranes were used for the separation of oil during the treatment of tank dewatering produced water and oily model solutions, respectively. We also tested a new online oil-in-water sensor (OMD-32) based on the principle of light scattering for the continuous measurement of oil concentrations in order to optimize the main filtration process parameters that determine membrane performance: the transmembrane pressure and cross-flow velocity. Using the OMD-32 sensor, the oil content of the feed, concentrate and permeate streams was measured continuously and fell within the range 0.0–200 parts per million (ppm) with a resolution of 1.0 ppm. The ceramic membranes achieved an oil-recovery efficiency of up to 98% with less than 1.0 ppm residual oil in the permeate stream, meeting environmental regulations for discharge in most areas.

scholarly journals Comparative study of the performance of three cross-flow ceramic membranes for water treatment

Water SA ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
LV Cremades ◽  
E Rodríguez-Grau ◽  
R Mulero ◽  
JA Cusidó
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Ceramic Membranes

Manufacture of ceramic membranes for application in demulsification process for cross-flow microfiltration

Desalination ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 245 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 527-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta Del Colle ◽  
Carlos A. Fortulan ◽  
Sérgio R. Fontes
Keyword(s):  
Cross Flow ◽  
Ceramic Membranes ◽  
Demulsification Process

Cross flow microfiltration of oil–water emulsions using kaolin based low cost ceramic membranes

Desalination ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 341 ◽  
pp. 61-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sriharsha Emani ◽  
Ramgopal Uppaluri ◽  
Mihir Kumar Purkait
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Ceramic Membranes ◽  
Oil Water

Protein recovery by selective separation using ceramic membranes

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 384-395
Author(s):  
L. Q. T. Nguyen ◽  
M. Engelhart ◽  
M. Wagner ◽  
P. Cornel
Keyword(s):  
Cross Flow ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Ceramic Membranes ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
Protein Recovery ◽  
Volumetric Concentration ◽  
Industrial Processing ◽  
Processing Stream ◽  
Sodium Solution

Processing of shrimp shells for the production of chitin makes commercial use of shell waste with economic benefits. Although chitin possesses the valuable properties of a biopolymer, with many useful applications, significant environmental pollution during its production hampers growth opportunities for industrial processing. In this study, a filtration process at different molecular weight cut-offs is assessed for protein recovery from the discharged alkaline processing stream of an industrial chitin manufacturing unit. Three tubular ceramic membranes (0.1 μm, 450 D and <300 D) have been investigated under a constant temperature of 70 °C, at chosen trans-membrane pressures of 1.3–5 bar, high cross flow velocities of 3.3–3.5 m/s, and at a volumetric concentration factor of 5. Results of concentration runs indicate a significant increase of recovered proteins, between 7 and 16%, can be achieved in the concentrate stream by reducing the chosen membrane cut-offs. A second product the permeate stream – solid-free hydroxide sodium solution – can be re-utilized in the chitin production line. Retention of the organic load led to a 56% decrease of chemical oxygen demand and total bound nitrogen in the permeate stream.

Regeneration Method of Aqueous, Technological Liquids Using a Dedicated Microfiltration System

2015 ◽  
Vol 237 ◽  
pp. 271-277
Author(s):  
Paulina Łobodzin ◽  
Wojciech Piątkiewicz ◽  
Marian Grądkowski
Keyword(s):  
Water Consumption ◽  
Pore Diameter ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
High Mobility ◽  
Ceramic Membranes ◽  
Limited Resources ◽  
Industrial Processes ◽  
Production Plant ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Low Weight

Aqueous technological liquids are widely used in industrial processes. However, due to limited resources, there is an increasing pressure on their protection and reduction of water consumption by, for example, closing water circulation. It is facilitated by the development of membrane technology. The article describes a method for regenerating aqueous technological liquids used in metal surface treatment processes and cleaning a production plant. This process was conducted inbatchsystem using a mobile microfiltration installation. The working unit was equipped with tubular ceramic membranes having a nominal pore diameter of 0.2 μm, working in across-flowregime. The main advantage of the apparatus is its low weight and high mobility. The installation and method of regeneration were verified during the processing of a model alkaline liquid used for cleaning a plant in the dairy industry. It was found that microfiltration can be used to remove technological impurities (coagulated proteins and fats) from the liquid. The physicochemical properties of the liquid, including alkalinity, remained stable after repeated filtration. This indicates that the purified liquid can circulate in the system and be used in accordance with its original purpose. The proposed solution enables the reduction of water consumption and chemicals used for the preparation of these liquids.

scholarly journals Extraction of laminarin from Saccharina latissima seaweed using cross-flow filtration

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Sterner ◽  
Fredrik Gröndahl
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Microbial Degradation ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Ceramic Membranes ◽  
Saccharina Latissima ◽  
Dilute Acid ◽  
Liquid Pressure ◽  
Acid Pretreatment ◽  
Cross Flow Filtration ◽  
Flow Filtration

AbstractLaminarin is a low-molecular-weight polysaccharide found in seaweed (kelp), often in equal concentrations to that in the commercially important hydrocolloid alginate. However, while alginate can be easily recovered by dissolution followed by acid precipitation, for laminarin, there is no such straightforward way of recovering it. Laminarin can be used as dietary fiber and, if efficiently extracted, it may be used for functional food/feed applications and as a component in plant defense stimulants for agriculture. One way of concentrating laminarin from dilute solutions is to press the solution through ultrafine membranes that the molecules cannot pass through. When alginate is extracted, an acid pretreatment step is used and the dilute acid residue from that process also contains laminarin. We used cross-flow filtration to concentrate laminarin fromSaccharina latissima, retrieving it from the dilute acid solution of the acid pretreatment of an alginate extraction. Three ceramic membranes with 5, 15, and 50 kDa molecular weight cutoffs were used, and the pressure, temperature, and feed velocity were altered to reveal which parameters controlled the flow through the membrane and how efficiently laminarin was concentrated. The effects on laminarin extraction for fresh vs. frozen biomass were evaluated showing that frozen biomass releases more laminarin with a similar biomass homogenization technique. Thermal and microbial degradation of the feed components was studied during the course of the filtrations, showing that microbial degradation can affect the laminarin concentration, while the temperature of the process ~ 65 °C had little impact on laminarin. The techniques used to monitor the components in the feed and permeate during filtration were nuclear magnetic resonance,1H-NMR, and size exclusion chromatography. The filtrations were performed in a pilot-size filtration unit with ceramic membranes (ZrO2/TiO2, TiO2-Al2O support, 0.08 m2). To be able to operate without quick membrane fouling, the most important parameter was to have a high liquid velocity over the membrane, 4.7 m s−1. A good technique to concentrate laminarin was to prefilter it through a 50-kDa membrane using 2 bar liquid pressure and to concentrate it over a 5-kDa membrane using 5-bar liquid pressure. With these settings, the liquid flux through the filter became 60–80 and 30–40 L m−2 h−1over the 50-kDa and 5-kDa membrane.

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