SCADA platform combined with a scale model of trickle irrigation system for agricultural engineering education

2011 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 463-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose M. Molina ◽  
Antonio Ruiz-Canales ◽  
Manuel Jiménez ◽  
Fulgencio Soto ◽  
Daniel G. Fernández-Pacheco
Keyword(s):  
Engineering Education ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Trickle Irrigation ◽  
Agricultural Engineering

Irrigation of Geraniums with an Automatic Controlled Water Table System

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 522d-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.W. Buxton ◽  
D.L. Ingram ◽  
Wenwei Jia
Keyword(s):  
Water Potential ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Water Table ◽  
Nutrient Solution ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Central Area ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Trickle Irrigation ◽  
Run Off ◽  
Optimum Water

Geraniums in 15-cm pots were irrigated automatically for 8 weeks with a Controlled Water Table (CWT) irrigation system. Plants were irrigated with a nutrient solution supplied by a capillary mat with one end of the mat suspended in a trough below the bottom of the pot. The nutrient solution remained at a constant level in the trough. Nutrient solution removed from the trough was immediately replaced from a larger reservoir. The vertical distance from the surface of the nutrient solution and the bottom of the pot determined the water/air ratio and water potential in the growing media. Treatments consisted of placing pots at 0, 2, 4, and 6 cm above the nutrient solution. Control plants were irrigated as needed with a trickle irrigation system. Geraniums grown at 0,2 and 4 CWT were ≈25% larger than the control plants and those grown at 6 CWT as measured by dry weight and leaf area. Roots of plants grown at 0 CWT were concentrated in the central area of the root ball; whereas roots of plants in other treatments were located more near the bottom of the pot. Advantages of the CWT system include: Plant controlled automatic irrigation; no run off; optimum water/air ratio.

LYSIMETERS WITH RAINFALL AND SOIL WATER CONTROL

1971 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. J. KRISTENSEN ◽  
H. C. ASLYNG
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture Content ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Trickle Irrigation ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Radiation Equipment ◽  
Different Depths ◽  
Growth Experiments

The lysimeter installation described comprises 36 concrete tanks each with a soil surface of 4 m2. The installation is useful for plant growth experiments under natural conditions involving different treatment combined with various controlled water supplies. The ground installation is at least 20 cm below the soil surface and tillage can be done with field implements. The lysimeter tanks are provided with a drainage system which can drain the soil at the bottom (100 cm depth) to a tension of up to 100 cm. A constant ground-water table at less than 100 cm soil depth can also be maintained. The soil moisture content at different depths is determined from an underground tunnel by use of gamma radiation equipment in metal tubes horizontally installed in the soil. Rainfall is prevented by a movable glass roof automatically operated and controlled by a special rain sensor. Water is applied to the soil surface with a special trickle irrigation system consisting of a set of plastic tubes for each lysimeter tank and controlled from the tunnel. Fertilizers in controlled amount can be applied with the irrigation water.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF METEOROLOGICAL ELEMENTS AND LETTUCE (Lactuca sativa, L.) YIELD RELATED TO GEOGRAPHIC ORIENTATION OF POLYETHYLENE GREENHOUSES

Irriga ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 176-184
Author(s):  
Cláudio Marcio Pereira de Souza ◽  
Antonio Evaldo Klar ◽  
Luiza Helena Duenhas
Keyword(s):  
Lactuca Sativa ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Lettuce Plant ◽  
Plant Yield ◽  
Agricultural Engineering ◽  
Lactuca Sativa L ◽  
Engineering Department ◽  
Meteorological Elements

EVALUATION OF METEOROLOGICAL ELEMENTS AND LETTUCE (Lactuca sativa, L.) YIELD RELATED TO GEOGRAPHIC ORIENTATION OF POLYETHYLENE GREENHOUSES   Cláudio Márcio Pereira de SouzaAntonio Evaldo Klar*Department of Agricultural Engineering, College of Agricultural Sciences, State University of São Paulo, P.O. 237, CEP 18603-970, Botucatu – SP. E-mail: [email protected]* Scientific Researcher of CNPqLuiza Helena DuenhasEMBRAPA Semi Árido, P.O. 23, CEP 56300–970, Petrolina – PE.   1 ABSTRACT  This experiment was carried out at the Agricultural Engineering Department, FCA/UNESP, Botucatu–SP aiming to study  the geographic orientation influence of two plastic tunnels (East/West and North/South based on the magnetic North) on lettuce plant (Lactuca sativa L, cv. Elisa) behavior and on the evaporation distribution uniformity inside the tunnels. The plants were sowed on 05/05/1999, transplanted on 05/29/1999 and harvested on 06/31/1999. Tensiometers were used to monitore soil water potentials. A drip irrigation system was used. Both tunnels received A Class pan and thermohygrographes in the center and 3 m apart small evaporimeters set at 3 heights (0.50 m, 1.00 m and 1.50 m). Through geostatistical analysis, there was not neither spatial dependency nor spatial variability of evaporation in both tunnels. However, the height of evaporimeters showed statistical differences: the 1.50 m height evaporimeter had slower evaporation than those from other heights. The air temperature, relative humidity and vapor pressure deficit averages were not statistically significant in both greenhouses when they were compared to those from the outside. A Class pan evaporation values were higher outside the tunnels than inside them, but there were no differences between both tunnels for this variable. The lettuce plant yield was not influenced by tunnel orientation, but there were significant differences on plant yield among beds inside each tunnel.  Keywords: evaporation, irrigation, greenhouse.   SOUZA, C. M. P., KLAR, A. E., DUENHAS, L. H. AVALIAÇÃO DE ELEMENTOS METEOROLÓGICOS E PRODUÇÃO DE ALFACE (Lactuca sativa L.) AFETADOS PELA ORIENTAÇÃO GEOGRÁFICA DE ESTUFAS DE POLIETILENO.   2 RESUMO  O experimento foi realizado na área experimental do Departamento de Engenharia Rural da Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas – Unesp/Botucatu, Estado de São Paulo, em duas estufas dispostas em diferentes orientações geográficas, Leste/Oeste e Norte/Sul. A alface (Lactuva sativa L.) cv. Elisa foi cultivada em ambas estufas, sendo semeada em 05/05/99, transplantada em 29/05/99 e colhida em 31/06/99. Utilizou-se tensiômetros para monitorar o potencial de água no solo para realizar o manejo do sistema de irrigação por gotejamento. Microevaporímetros eqüidistantes de 3 m e colocados em 3 alturas, 0.50, 1.00 e 1.50 m, termohigrógrafos e tanques Classe “A” foram instalados nas duas estufas. Através de análise geoestatística, não se observou dependência espacial nem variabilidade espacial da evaporação nas duas estufas. Entretanto, a altura dos evaporímetros apresentou diferenças significativas: a evaporação à altura de 1.50 foi menor que nas outras duas.As médias de temperatura, umidade relativa e déficit de pressão de vapor do arnão diferiram estatisticamente entre as estufas e o ambiente externo. Os valores médios de evaporação de água no tanque Classe “A” instalado fora das estufas diferiram estatisticamente quando comparados com os instalados no interior das estufas, porém, entre as orientações não se constatou diferença significativa. Pôde-se verificar que não houve diferença significativa das características agronômicas da alface em ambas orientações estudadas. No entanto, houve diferença significativa para essas características entre os canteiros no interior das mesmas, havendo variância espacial para os dados de matéria fresca apenas na estufa N/S.  UNITERMOS: evaporação, irrigação, estufa.

scholarly journals Nitrogen Fertilizer Management Practices to Enhance Seed Production by `Anaheim Chili' Peppers

1990 ◽  
Vol 115 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.O. Payero ◽  
M.S. Bhangoo ◽  
J.J. Steiner
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Seed Mass ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Trickle Irrigation ◽  
Total N ◽  
Leaf Petiole ◽  
Total Seed

The effects of six applied N treatments differing by rates and frequencies of application on the yield and quality of pepper (Capsicum annuum var. annuum L. `Anaheim Chili') grown for seed was studied. The timing of N applications was based on crop phenology, leaf petiole nitrate-nitrogen concentrations (NO3-N) minimum thresholds, and scheduled calendar applications of fixed amounts of N. Solubilized NH4NO3 was applied through a trickle-irrigation system to ensure uniform and timely applications of N. Rate of mature (green and red) fruit production was unaffected by any treatment except weekly applications of 28 kg·ha-1 of N, which stopped production of mature fruit before all other treatments. Early season floral bud and flower production increased with increasing amounts of N. The two highest total N treatments produced more floral buds and flowers late in the season than the other treatments. Total fruit production was maximized at 240 kg N/ha. Differences in total fruit production due to frequency of N application resulted at the highest total N level. Red fruit production tended to be maximized with total seasonal applied N levels of 240 kg·ha-1 and below, although weekly applications of N reduced production. Total seed yield was a function of red fruit production. Pure-1ive seed (PLS) production was a function of total seed production. Nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) for red fruit production also decreased with N rates >240 kg·ha-1, but PLS yield and NUE decreased in a near-linear fashion as the amount of total seasonal applied N increased, regardless of application frequency. Season average NO3-N (AVE NO3-N) values >4500 mg·kg-1 had total seed and PLS yields less than those treatments <4000 mg·kg-1. Six-day germination percentage was reduced with weekly N applications of 14 kg·ha-1. Seed mass was reduced with weekly N applications of 28 kg·ha-1. Final germination percent, seedling root length and weight, and field emergence were unaffected by any of the N treatments. These findings indicate that different N management strategies are needed to maximize seed yield compared to fruit yield and, therefore, there may be an advantage to growing `Anaheim Chili' pepper specifically for seed.

scholarly journals ARTEMISIA SEEDLINGS QUALITY PRODUCED IN GREENHOUSE UNDER DIFFERENT IRRIGATION SYSTEM AND FERTILIZER DOSES

Irriga ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-313
Author(s):  
Patricia Angelica Alves Marques ◽  
Gabriel Blair Fontinelle ◽  
Alexandre Gibau de Lima ◽  
Jefferson Vieira José ◽  
Hermes Soares Da Rocha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artemisia Annua ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Sprinkler System ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Agricultural Engineering ◽  
Artemisia Annua L ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Floating System ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
E Mail

ARTEMISIA SEEDLINGS QUALITY PRODUCED IN GREENHOUSE UNDER DIFFERENT IRRIGATION SYSTEM AND FERTILIZER DOSES PATRICIA ANGÉLICA ALVES MARQUES¹; GABRIEL BLAIR FONTINELLE¹; ALEXANDRE GIBAU DE LIMA¹; JEFFERSON VIEIRA JOSÉ2*; HERMES SOARES DA ROCHA3 E DANIEL SOARES ALVES4 [1]Department of Biosystems Engineering, University of Sao Paulo/ESALQ, C.P. 09 – 13418-900 – Piracicaba, SP – Brazil. E-mail: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], 2Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Federal University of Mato Grosso, C.P. 78735-910 – Rondonópolis, MT – Brazil.  E-mail: [email protected] of Agrarian Sciences, Federal University of the Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys, C.P. 38610-000 – Unaí, MG – Brazil. E-mail: [email protected] of Agricultural Engineering, Estate University of Mato Grosso, C.P. 78300-000 – Tanagra da Serra MT – Brazil.  E-mail: [email protected]  1 ABSTRACT The Artemisia annua L. is a source of essential oils used in perfumery and cosmetics industry, and the yield of oil is affected by the quality of the seedlings used. The present study was carried out in order to evaluate the production of Artemisia annua L. seedlings grown in greenhouse, under two irrigation systems and four levels of commercial fertilizer of high solubility, in a completely randomized design in a 2x4 factorial arrangement and four replications. Germination and growth of roots and shoots seedlings (stems and leaves) were assessed. It was observed at 36 days of sowing (DAS), that plant height was 743% higher on floating system than plants under micro sprinkler system, and that the relationship between root’s and shoot’s dry matter is inversely proportional to the doses of nutrient solution applied. Seedlings showed Dickson quality index greater than 1.3 for all the doses of fertilizer under the floating system. On the other hand, values less than 0.6 were observed for plants under micro sprinkler system. Keywords: seedling production; floating system; medicinal plants irrigation  MARQUES, P. A. A; FONTINELLE, G. B.; LIMA, A. G.; JOSÉ, J. V.; ROCHA, H. S.; ALVES, D. SQUALIDADES DE MUDAS DE ARTEMISIA PRODUZIDAS EM CASA DE VEGETAÇÃO SUBMETIDAS A DIFERENTES SISTEMAS DE IRRIGAÇAO E DOSES DE FERTILIZANTES  2 RESUMO A Artemisia annua L. é uma fonte de óleos essenciais utilizados na indústria de perfumaria e cosméticos, e o rendimento do óleo é afetado pela qualidade das mudas. O presente estudo foi realizado para avaliar a produção de mudas de Artemisia annua L. cultivadas em casa de vegetação, sob dois sistemas de irrigação e quatro níveis de fertilizante comercial de alta solubilidade, em um delineamento experimental inteiramente aleatorizado, em esquema fatorial 2x4 e quatro repetições. Foram avaliados a germinação e o crescimento das mudas de raízes e parte aérea (caule e folhas). Foi observado aos 36 dias após a semeadura (DAS) que a altura das plantas era 743% maior no sistema de flutuação do que das plantas sob microaspersão, e que a relação entre massa seca da raiz/massa seca da parte aérea foi inversamente proporcional às doses de solução nutritiva aplicada. As mudas apresentaram índice de qualidade de Dickson superior a 1,3 para todas as doses de fertilizante no sistema flutuante. Por outro lado, valores inferiores a 0,6 foram observados para as plantas sob microaspersão. Palavras-chave: produção de mudas; floating system; irrigação de plantas medicinais

scholarly journals PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF HYDRAULIC PARAMETERS OF A DEVELOPED DRIP IRRIGATION SYSTEM

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olorunwa Eric Omofunmi ◽  
Oluwaseun Ayodele Ilesanmi ◽  
Toluwalase Orisabinone
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Drip Irrigation System ◽  
Flow Variation ◽  
Agricultural Engineering ◽  
Normal Soil ◽  
Coefficient Of Uniformity ◽  
American Society

Experiment was carried out in the department of Agricultural and Bioresources Engineering, during the period of August to October, 2017. The hydraulic performance of a developed drip irrigation system was assessed. The experimental work was conducted on field with irrigated field area of 7 m x 3 m and lateral spacing was 0.35 m. Sixty (60) hospital drip sets (given sets) were used for the experiment as improved emitters. Volumetric method was used to determine application rate (PR) and emitters discharge. The emission uniformity, emitter flow variation, co-efficient of uniformity and co-efficient of variation were determined accordance with the equations described by the American Society of Agricultural Engineering (ASAE). Soil chemical properties were determined accordance with the American Public Health Association (APHA). The findings revealed that the soil in the area is classified as sand clay loam and normal soil. Results indicated that the mean and standard deviation of the emitters were 9.639 L/hr and 0.07 L/hr respectively. There were no emitters clogging. The emitter flow variation was 2.5 % and less than 10 % which was desirable range, while coefficient of variation was 0.07 and less than 0.11 which was marginal. The application rate was 17 mm hr-1 which was within the recommended range of 15 – 25 mm hr-1. The emission uniformity and coefficient of uniformity were 99.4% and 99.2% respectively, which shows that the system was well-designed. This finding indicated that hospital drip sets proved to the high quality. Therefore, it can be used as standard emitter.

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