scholarly journals Sensory manipulation results in increased dorsolateral prefrontal cortex activation during static postural balance in sedentary older adults: An fNIRS study

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. e01109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei-Peng Teo ◽  
Alicia M. Goodwill ◽  
Ashlee M. Hendy ◽  
Makii Muthalib ◽  
Helen Macpherson
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Postural Balance ◽  
Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Dorsolateral Prefrontal

scholarly journals Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex GABA deficit in older adults with sleep-disordered breathing

2017 ◽  
Vol 114 (38) ◽  
pp. 10250-10255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana C. Pereira ◽  
Xiangling Mao ◽  
Caroline S. Jiang ◽  
Guoxin Kang ◽  
Sara Milrad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Sleep Disordered Breathing ◽  
Apnea Hypopnea Index ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
1H Mrs ◽  
Dorsolateral Prefrontal ◽  
Disordered Breathing

Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is a common disorder in aging that is associated with cognitive decline, including significant executive dysfunction, for which the neurobiological underpinnings remain poorly understood. Using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H MRS), this study assessed whether dysregulation of the homeostatic balance of the major inhibitory and excitatory amino acid neurotransmitter systems of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutamate, respectively, play a role in SDB. Levels of GABA and those of the combined resonances of glutamate and glutamine (Glx), were measured by 1H MRS in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (l-DLPFC) and bilateral hippocampal regions of 19 older adults (age ± SD: 66.1 ± 1.9 years) with moderate to severe SDB, defined as having an Apnea–Hypopnea Index (AHI) greater than 15 as assessed by polysomnography, and in 14 older adults (age ± SD: 62.3 ± 1.3 years) without SDB (AHI < 5). In subjects with SDB, levels of l-DLPFC GABA, but not Glx, were significantly lower than in control subjects (P< 0.0002). Additionally, there was a negative correlation between l-DLPFC GABA levels, but not Glx, and SDB severity by AHI (r= -0.68,P< 0.0001), and a positive correlation between l-DLPFC GABA levels, but not Glx, and minimal oxygen saturation during sleep (r= 0.62,P= 0.0005). By contrast, no group differences or oxygenation associations were found for levels of GABA or Glx in right or left hippocampal region. These findings are interpreted in terms of a pathophysiological model of SDB in which hypoxia-mediated inhibitory neurotransmission deficit in DLPFC could lead to hyperexcitability and, potentially neuronal dysfunction and cognitive decline.

scholarly journals Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation May Improve Cognitive-Motor Function in Functionally Limited Older Adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (9) ◽  
pp. 788-798 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brad Manor ◽  
Junhong Zhou ◽  
Rachel Harrison ◽  
On-Yee Lo ◽  
Thomas G. Travison ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Direct Current ◽  
Dual Task ◽  
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Dual Tasking ◽  
Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Dorsolateral Prefrontal

Objective. To determine the effects of a transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) intervention with the anode placed over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) and cathode over the right supraorbital region, on cognition, mobility, and “dual-task” standing and walking in older adults with mild-to-moderate motor and cognitive impairments. Methods. A double-blinded, block-randomized, sham-controlled trial was conducted in 18 nondemented, ambulatory adults aged ⩾65 years with slow walking speed (⩽1.0 m/s) and “executive” dysfunction (Trail Making Test B score ⩽25th percentile of age- and education-matched norms). Interventions included ten 20-minute sessions of tDCS or sham stimulation. Cognition, mobility, and dual-task standing and walking were assessed at baseline, postintervention, and 2 weeks thereafter. Dual tasking was also assessed immediately before and after the first tDCS session. Results. Intervention compliance was high (mean ± SD = 9.5 ± 1.1 sessions) and no unexpected or serious side effects were reported. tDCS, compared with sham, induced improvements in the Montreal Cognitive Assessment total score ( P = .03) and specifically within the executive function subscore of this test ( P = .002), and in several metrics of dual-task standing and walking ( P < .05). Each of these effects persisted for 2 weeks. tDCS had no effect on the Timed Up-and-Go test of mobility or the Geriatric Depression Scale. Those participants who exhibited larger improvements in dual-task standing posture following the first tDCS session exhibited larger cognitive-motor improvements following 2 weeks of tDCS ( P < .04). Interpretation. tDCS intervention designed to stimulate the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex may improve executive function and dual tasking in older adults with functional limitations.

scholarly journals Is There Any Relationship Between Biochemical Indices and Anthropometric Measurements With Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex Activation Among Older Adults With Mild Cognitive Impairment?

2022 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yee Xing You ◽  
Suzana Shahar ◽  
Mazlyfarina Mohamad ◽  
Nor Fadilah Rajab ◽  
Normah Che Din ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Neurotrophic Factor ◽  
Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Causal Effect ◽  
Serum Triglyceride ◽  
Anthropometric Measurements ◽  
Dorsolateral Prefrontal

Working memory is developed in one region of the brain called the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). The dysfunction of this region leads to synaptic neuroplasticity impairment. It has been reported that several biochemical parameters and anthropometric measurements play a vital role in cognition and brain health. This study aimed to investigate the relationships between cognitive function, serum biochemical profile, and anthropometric measurements using DLPFC activation. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 35 older adults (≥60 years) who experienced mild cognitive impairment (MCI). For this purpose, we distributed a comprehensive interview-based questionnaire for collecting sociodemographic information from the participants and conducting cognitive tests. Anthropometric values were measured, and fasting blood specimens were collected. We investigated their brain activation using the task-based functional MRI (fMRI; N-back), specifically in the DLPFC region. Positive relationships were observed between brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) (β = 0.494, p &lt; 0.01) and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) (β = 0.698, p &lt; 0.01); however, negative relationships were observed between serum triglyceride (β = −0.402, p &lt; 0.05) and serum malondialdehyde (MDA) (β = −0.326, p &lt; 0.05) with right DLPFC activation (R2 = 0.512) while the participants performed 1-back task after adjustments for age, gender, and years of education. In conclusion, higher serum triglycerides, higher oxidative stress, and lower neurotrophic factor were associated with lower right DLPFC activation among older adults with MCI. A further investigation needs to be carried out to understand the causal-effect mechanisms of the significant parameters and the DLPFC activation so that better intervention strategies can be developed for reducing the risk of irreversible neurodegenerative diseases among older adults with MCI.

scholarly journals Protocol for a controlled, randomized, blind, clinical trial to assess the effects of anodal transcranial direct current stimulation dorsolateral prefrontal cortex associated with balance training using games in the postural balance of older people

F1000Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 1018
Author(s):  
Andre Issao Kunitake ◽  
João Carlos Ferrari Corrêa ◽  
Klaine Silva Nascimento ◽  
Bianca Barioni Cardoso de Oliveira ◽  
Natalia Maciel Muniz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Video Games ◽  
Older People ◽  
Direct Current ◽  
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Postural Balance ◽  
Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Balance Training ◽  
Dorsolateral Prefrontal

Aims: This study aims to evaluate the additional effect of anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (a-tDCS) applied on dorsolateral pré-frontal cortex on training postural balance with the use of video games in the aged. Methods: This is a blinded, randomized, controlled clinical trial protocol, with older people of both genders. Participants will be randomized into three training groups: Group 1 (videogame balance training), group 2 (videogame balance training associated with anodal tDCS), group 3 (videogame balance training associated with sham tDCS). The training will be carried out twice a week for four weeks, totaling eight sessions, and will be performed with the Nintendo Wii videogame console, using games that stimulate the postural balance associated with tDCS, with anode applied over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and cathode on the contralateral supraorbital region at 2 mA for 20 minutes. The postural balance will be assessed using the Mini Test of the Balance Assessment System and posturography. Evaluations will be carried out before and after eight training sessions and 30 days after the end of treatment. Discussion: Some studies show favorable results from the use of video games in improving postural balance in older people; however, their effect does not remain long-term. TDCS associated with other therapies can potentiate and prolong the effects of these therapies owing to its ability to stimulate neurotrophins important for neurogenesis, facilitating tasks that require attention, and helping to consolidate learning and memory. The effect of the two associated techniques on balance has not yet been tested in this population. Registration: Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials ID U1111-1213-4266; registered on 15 October 2018.

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