Pharmacokinetics of caffeine in breast milk and plasma after single oral administration of caffeine to lactating mothers

1988 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Stavchansky ◽  
M. Delgado ◽  
A. Joshi ◽  
A. Combs ◽  
R. Sagraves
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Lactating Mothers ◽  
Single Oral Administration

Services Provided for Lactating Mothers at Lactation Management Clinic in Selected Tertiary Level Hospitals

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-73
Author(s):  
Tarannum Tasnim ◽  
ANM Shamsul Islam ◽  
Mehedi Hasan Azad ◽  
Farhana Sharmin
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dietary Advice ◽  
Tertiary Level ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Breast Milk Production ◽  
Lactating Mothers ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Background: Children are the precious gift from the Almightily Allah and breast milk is an ideal product given to the human being by nature to fulfill all requirements of the offspring until they are matured enough to take adult food. Objective: To assess the services provided for lactating mothers at lactation management centre in selected tertiary level hospitals. Materials and Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted among 100 Lactating mothers who were selected conveniently and were interviewed by pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire and an observational checklist. Collected data were processed and analyzed using SPSS (Statistical Packages for Social Science) software. Results: Lactation management centre (LMC) is supervised by a consultant and separate room is allotted in both out-patient and in-patient departments. Mothers came with lactation problems were more likely in the first month of the baby (73%) and feeling of not enough milk production was common (49%).Highly significant relationship was found between breast problems of lactating mother and age of child (p<0.001). About 84% respondents received practical demonstration on position and attachment of the baby during lactation. About 91% respondents got dietary advice for enough breast milk production, 75% got dietary advice regarding their child’s weaning food chart and69% got health education. Maximum mothers were informed about LMC by doctor & nurse (82%). Conclusion: Information about LMC services should be disseminated across the country. Lactating mothers should be familiarized with LMC and public awareness should be enhanced for effective management of breastfeeding problem to promote, protect and support the breastfeeding. JOPSOM 2019; 38(2): 68-73

Across The “Sweetiest” Properties Of Human Breast Milk: Focus On Oligosaccharides

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flaminia Bardanzellu ◽  
Alessandra Reali ◽  
Maria Antonietta Marcialis ◽  
Vassilios Fanos
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
Human Breast Milk ◽  
Formula Milk ◽  
Target Organs ◽  
Lactating Mothers ◽  
Neonatal Nutrition ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors ◽  
Systemic Infections

Introduction: Breast Milk (BM), containing nutrients and bioactive components, represents the best source for neonatal nutrition and determines short- and long- term benefits. Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) play an active role in these pathophysiological mechanisms. In fact; they influence the shaping of breastfed infant’s gut microbiota, promote intestinal development, confer protection against intestinal or systemic infections modulating immune system; moreover, HMOs determine extra-intestinal effects on several target organs, i.e reducing necrotizing enterocolitis rate or improving brain development. Aims: In this review, we analyze the great inter- and intra-individual variability of BM HMOs, investigating maternal, genetic and environmental factors modulating their composition. Moreover, we provide an update regarding HMOs’ unique properties, underlining their complex interaction with intestinal microbiota and host-derived metabolites. The possible HMOs’ influence on extra-intestinal bacterial communities, potentially influencing newborns’ and even lactating mothers’ health, have been hypothesized. Finally, recognized HMOs’ crucial role, we underline the promising opportunities showed by their addition in formula milk, useful to create dairy products more similar to maternal milk itself.

scholarly journals Impact of Maternal Daily Oral Low-Dose Vitamin A Supplementation on the Mother–Infant Pair: A Randomised Placebo-Controlled Trial in China

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 2370
Author(s):  
Ye Ding ◽  
Ping Hu ◽  
Yue Yang ◽  
Fangping Xu ◽  
Fang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Breast Milk ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Maternal Serum ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vitamin A Supplementation ◽  
Maternal Vitamin ◽  
Vitamin A Status ◽  
Lactating Mothers

Background: The nutritional status of vitamin A in lactating mothers and infants is still not optimistic. Due to the dietary habits and dietary restrictions of postpartum customs in China, vitamin A supplementation has been advocated as a potential strategy to improve vitamin A status of lactating mothers with inadequate dietary vitamin A intake. Existing clinical trials are limited to single or double high-dose maternal administrations. However, in China, vitamin A supplements are readily available in the form of daily oral low-dose supplements, and the effect of these is unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of daily oral low-dose vitamin A supplementation on the retinol levels in the serum and breast milk of lactating mothers and the health status of infants in China. Methods: Lactating mothers who met the inclusion criteria and planned to continue exclusive breastfeeding were randomly assigned to receive either daily oral vitamin A and D drops (one soft capsule of 1800 IU vitamin A and 600 IU vitamin D2), or a matching placebo for 2 months. Before and after the intervention, dietary intake was investigated by instant photography, and the retinol concentration in maternal serum and breast milk was determined by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. During the trial, the health status of infants was diagnosed by a paediatrician or reported by lactating mothers. A total of 245 participants completed the study, with 117 in the supplementation group and 128 in the control group. Results: After the 2-month intervention, maternal serum retinol concentrations increased in the supplementation group with no change in the control group. Although breast milk retinol concentrations decreased significantly in both groups, the decrease in the supplementation group was significantly lower than that in the control group. However, maternal vitamin A supplementation was not associated with a lower risk of infant febrile illness, respiratory tract infection, diarrhoea, and eczema. Conclusions: Daily oral low-dose vitamin A supplementation is helpful in improving maternal vitamin A status, despite having no effect on infant health status through breast milk.

scholarly journals Comparison of Vitamin D and 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentrations in Human Breast Milk between 1989 and 2016–2017

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 573
Author(s):  
Naoko Tsugawa ◽  
Mayu Nishino ◽  
Akiko Kuwabara ◽  
Honami Ogasawara ◽  
Maya Kamao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Breast Milk ◽  
Sun Exposure ◽  
Stepwise Multiple Regression ◽  
Human Breast Milk ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Human Breast ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Lactating Mothers ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D

Background: Breast milk is considered the optimal source of nutrition during infancy. Although the vitamin D concentration in human breast milk is generally considered poor for infants, vitamin D in breast milk is an important source for exclusively breastfed infants. Increases in vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency in lactating mothers may reduce vitamin D concentrations in breast milk. This study aimed to compare vitamin D and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) concentrations in breast milk collected in 1989 and 2016–2017 and simultaneously analyze them with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS); the association between the lifestyle of recent lactating mothers (2016–2017) and vitamin D status in human breast milk was also evaluated. Method: Lactating mothers were recruited from three regions of Japan in 1989 (n = 72) and 2016–2017 (n = 90), and milk from 3–4 months was collected in summer and winter. The samples were strictly sealed and stored at −80℃ until measurement. Breast milk vitamin D and 25OHD concentrations were analyzed by LC-MS/MS. Vitamin D intake, sun exposure, and sunscreen use of the lactating mothers in 2016–2017 were assessed. Results: Both vitamin D and 25OHD concentrations in breast milk were higher in the summer regardless of the survey year. Significantly lower vitamin D and 25OHD concentrations were observed in 2016–2017 compared with 1989 in summer, but no survey year difference was observed in winter. The stepwise multiple regression analyses identified season, daily outdoor activity, and suntan in the last 12 months as independent factors associated with vitamin D3 concentrations. Conclusion: The results suggest that low vitamin D status in recent lactating mothers may have decreased vitamin D and 25OHD concentrations in breast milk compared with the 1980s. These results are helpful for developing public health strategies to improve vitamin D status in lactating mothers and infants.

Josamycin concentrations in radicular cysts following a single oral administration

1993 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiaki Akimoto ◽  
Yoshiko Mochizuki ◽  
Akio Uda ◽  
Hiroaki Omata ◽  
Sumio Saito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Administration ◽  
Single Oral Administration

Pharmacokinetics and tolerance of the hypolipidaemic RP 54275 following single oral administration to male volunteers

1990 ◽  
Vol 183 (5) ◽  
pp. 1846-1847
Author(s):  
C.D. Evans ◽  
G.D. Jones ◽  
V. Facchini ◽  
J. McEwen ◽  
Y. Yeang
Keyword(s):  
Oral Administration ◽  
Male Volunteers ◽  
Single Oral Administration

Pharmacokinetics of a single oral administration of cefalexin in mares and foals

2011 ◽  
Vol 168 (16) ◽  
pp. 431-431
Author(s):  
G. J. B. Ladaga ◽  
F. P. Lezica ◽  
A. M. Barboni ◽  
J. A. Picos ◽  
G. A. de Erausquin
Keyword(s):  
Oral Administration ◽  
Single Oral Administration
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