Long-term adaptation ofSaccharomyces cerevisiaeto the burden of recombinant insulin production

2013 ◽  
Vol 110 (10) ◽  
pp. 2749-2763 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Kazemi Seresht ◽  
Ana Luisa Cruz ◽  
Erik de Hulster ◽  
Marit Hebly ◽  
Eva Akke Palmqvist ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Production ◽  
Recombinant Insulin

Etiology and Treatment of Fluid Retention (Hydrops) in Ménière's Syndrome

1992 ◽  
Vol 71 (12) ◽  
pp. 631-635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Conrad A. Proctor ◽  
Todd B. Proctor ◽  
Bruce Proctor
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Hypertrophy ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Fluid Retention ◽  
Renal Tubules ◽  
Sodium Retention ◽  
Insulin Production ◽  
Cochlear Aqueduct ◽  
Low Sodium ◽  
Inflammatory Changes

For years low sodium diets have been recommended in the treatment of Ménière's syndrome. Elevated levels of insulin play an important role in sodium retention in renal tubules. Insulin production is stimulated by high carbohydrate diets. Adrenaline, cortisone, and glucagon levels may he increased by stress or food or inhalant allergies, further elevating insulin levels. The end result of prolonged hyperinsulinemia includes vasoconstriction and eventually arterial smooth muscle hypertrophy. Individual susceptibility to Ménière's syndrome may occur as a reult of inflammatory changes in the endolymphatic sac or cochlear aqueduct secondary to primary or latent viral infections, thus predisposing to fluid retention. Long term medical treatment of Ménière's should be directed towards preventing sodium retention through sodium restriciton and carbohydrate management. Other factors including stress and allergy should also be considered.

scholarly journals Using stratified medicine in diabetes

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-21
Author(s):  
Katharine R. Owen
Keyword(s):  
Islet Cells ◽  
Stratified Medicine ◽  
Insulin Production ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Monogenic Forms Of Diabetes ◽  
Relative Deficiency

Diabetes mellitus is a common long-term condition characterized by raised blood glucose levels secondary to an absolute or relative deficiency of insulin production from the pancreatic islet -cells. Diabetes is highly heterogeneous in terms of aetiology1, making it a good candidate for stratified medicine approaches. Clinical studies have shown that the standard first-line treatments for Type 1 diabetes (insulin) and Type 2 diabetes (metformin) are not applicable to the rarer monogenic forms of diabetes, so in these cases making a molecular diagnosis can help to direct and optimize treatment.

Long-term treatment with recombinant insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) in a child with IGF-1 gene mutation

2009 ◽  
Vol 169 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Concolino ◽  
Gianluca Muzzi ◽  
Simona Sestito ◽  
Giovanna Vega ◽  
Giuseppe Bonapace ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Gene Mutation ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
Recombinant Insulin ◽  
Long Term Treatment

scholarly journals Emergence of phenotypically distinct subpopulations is a factor in adaptation of recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae under glucose-limited conditions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naia Risager Wright ◽  
Tune Wulff ◽  
Christopher T. Workman ◽  
Nanna Petersen Rønnest ◽  
Nikolaus Sonnenschein
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Metabolism ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Central Carbon Metabolism ◽  
Population Heterogeneity ◽  
Insulin Production ◽  
Pseudohyphal Growth ◽  
Central Carbon ◽  
Energy Limitation ◽  
Term Energy

AbstractCells cultured in a nutrient-limited environment can undergo adaptation, which confers improved fitness under long-term energy limitation. We have previously shown how a recombinant S. cerevisiae strain, producing a heterologous insulin product, under glucose-limited conditions adapts over time at the average population level.In this paper, we investigated this adaptation at the single-cell level by application of FACS and showed that three apparent phenotypes underlie the adaptive response observed at the bulk level: (1) cells that drastically reduced insulin production (23 %), (2) cells with reduced enzymatic capacity in central carbon metabolism (46 %), (3) cells that exhibited pseudohyphal growth (31 %). We speculate that the phenotypic heterogeneity is a result of different mechanisms to increase fitness. Cells with reduced insulin productivity have increased fitness by reducing the burden of the heterologous insulin production and the populations with reduced enzymatic capacity of the central carbon metabolism and pseudohyphal growth have increased fitness towards the glucose-limited conditions.The results highlight the importance of considering population heterogeneity when studying adaptation and evolution.

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