scholarly journals Industrial symbiosis: Corn ethanol fermentation, hydrothermal carbonization, and anaerobic digestion

2013 ◽  
Vol 110 (10) ◽  
pp. 2624-2632 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brandon M. Wood ◽  
Lindsey R. Jader ◽  
Frederick J. Schendel ◽  
Nicholas J. Hahn ◽  
Kenneth J. Valentas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Ethanol Fermentation ◽  
Hydrothermal Carbonization ◽  
Industrial Symbiosis ◽  
Corn Ethanol

Suitability of anaerobic digestion effluent as process water for corn fuel ethanol fermentation

2014 ◽  
Vol 69 (9) ◽  
pp. 1894-1899 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ke Wang ◽  
Jian-Hua Zhang ◽  
Pei Liu ◽  
Zhong-Gui Mao
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Ethanol Production ◽  
Ethanol Fermentation ◽  
Fuel Ethanol ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Process Water ◽  
Ammonium Concentration ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Corn Ethanol ◽  
Thin Stillage

A corn fuel ethanol plant integrated with anaerobic digestion treatment of thin stillage increases the net energy balance. Furthermore, the anaerobic digestion effluent (ADE) can be reused as a potential substitute for process water in the ethanol fermentation. In this study, the suitability of ADE as process water for corn ethanol fermentation was investigated by analyzing the potential inhibitory components in the ADE. It was found that ammonium influenced the growth and metabolism of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Maximum ethanol production was obtained when the concentration of ammonium nitrogen was 200 mg/L, and ammonium could replace urea as the nitrogen source for S. cerevisiae under this concentration. In the ethanol fermentation with a higher concentration of ammonium, more glycerol was produced, thereby resulting in the decrease of ethanol production. In addition, components except ammonium in the ADE caused no inhibition to ethanol production. These results suggest that ADE could be reused as process water for corn ethanol fermentation without negative effect when ammonium concentration is well controlled.

Sequential high gravity ethanol fermentation and anaerobic digestion of steam explosion and organosolv pretreated corn stover

2017 ◽  
Vol 244 ◽  
pp. 1129-1136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Constantinos Katsimpouras ◽  
Maria Zacharopoulou ◽  
Leonidas Matsakas ◽  
Ulrika Rova ◽  
Paul Christakopoulos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Corn Stover ◽  
Ethanol Fermentation ◽  
Steam Explosion ◽  
High Gravity ◽  
Pretreated Corn Stover

scholarly journals Numerical Comparison of a Combined Hydrothermal Carbonization and Anaerobic Digestion System with Direct Combustion of Biomass for Power Production

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Heidari ◽  
Shakirudeen Salaudeen ◽  
Omid Norouzi ◽  
Bishnu Acharya ◽  
Animesh Dutta
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Hydrothermal Carbonization ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Numerical Comparison ◽  
Fuel Gas ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
Unit Process ◽  
Direct Combustion ◽  
Balance Analysis

Two of the methods for converting biomass to fuel are hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) and anaerobic digestion (AD). This study is aimed at designing and analyzing two scenarios for bioenergy production from undervalued biomass (sawdust). In one of the scenarios (direct combustion or DC), raw biomass is burned in a combustor to provide the heat that is required by the Rankine cycle to generate electricity. In the other scenario (HTC-AD), the raw biomass first undergoes HTC treatment. While the solid product (hydrochar) is used to produce power by a Rankine cycle, the liquid by-product undergoes an AD process. This results in fuel gas production and it can be used in a Brayton cycle to generate more power. Energy and mass balance analysis of both scenarios were developed for each unit process by using Engineering Equation Solver (EES). The required data were obtained experimentally or from the literature. The performances of the proposed systems were evaluated, and a sensitivity analysis was presented to help in finding the best operational conditions.

Industrial Process Description for the Recovery of Agricultural Water From Digestate

2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Halina Pawlak-Kruczek ◽  
Agnieszka Urbanowska ◽  
Weihong Yang ◽  
Gerrit Brem ◽  
Aneta Magdziarz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Reclaimed Water ◽  
Industrial Process ◽  
Hydrothermal Carbonization ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Agricultural Water ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Lower Heating Value ◽  
Lower Heating

Abstract Currently, the reclamation and reuse of water have not reached their full potential, although more energy is needed to obtain and transport freshwater and this solution has a more serious environmental impact. Agricultural irrigation is, by far, the largest application of reclaimed water worldwide, so the proposed concept may result in the production of water that can be used, among others, for crop irrigation. This paper describes a novel installation for the recovery of the agricultural water from the digestate, along with the results of initial experiments. Currently, water is wasted, due to evaporation, in anaerobic digestion plants, as the effluent from dewatering of the digestate is discharged into lagoons. Moreover, water that stays within the interstitial space of the digestate is lost in a similar fashion. With increasing scarcity of water in rural areas, such waste should not be neglected. The study indicates that hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) enhances mechanical dewatering of the agricultural digestate and approximately 900 L of water can be recovered from one ton. Dewatered hydrochars had a lower heating value of almost 10 MJ/kg, indicating the possibility of using it as a fuel for the process. The aim of this Design Innovation Paper is to outline the newly developed concept of an installation that could enable recovery of water from, so far, the neglected resource—i.e., digestate from anaerobic digestion plants.

scholarly journals Coupling hydrothermal carbonization with anaerobic digestion: an evaluation based on energy recovery and hydrochar utilization

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 1444-1453
Author(s):  
Mahmood Al Ramahi ◽  
Gábor Keszthelyi-Szabó ◽  
Sándor Beszédes
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Hydrothermal Carbonization ◽  
Steam Gasification ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Treatment Technique ◽  
Dairy Sludge

This work evaluates the effect of hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) as a pretreatment and post-treatment technique to anaerobic digestion (AD) of dairy sludge. HTC's effect on AD was evaluated based on energy recovery, nutrient transformation, and hydrochar utilization. The first approach was executed by performing HTC under a range of temperatures before mesophilic AD. HTC optimal pretreatment temperature was 210 °C for 30 min residence time. HTC pretreatment significantly increased the methane yield potential by 192%, the chemical oxygen demand removal by 18%, and the sludge biodegradability during AD by 30%. On the other hand, the application of HTC after AD (post-treatment) increased the total energy production, i.e., in addition to methane, a hydrochar with a caloric value of 10.2 MJ/kg was also obtained. Moreover, HTC post-treatment improved the steam gasification performance of the AD digestate. From the fertilizer quality point of view, HTC implementation generally boosted the concentrations of macro, micro, and secondary nutrients, suggesting its suitability for use as a liquid fertilizer. Overall, the findings of the present study indicate that if bioenergy production were the main target, HTC post-treatment following AD would lead to the most promising outcomes.

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