Structure, biological activity, and enzymatic transformation of fucoidans from the brown seaweeds

Mikhail Kusaykin; Irina Bakunina; Victoria Sova; Svetlana Ermakova; Tatyana Kuznetsova; Natalya Besednova; Tatyana Zaporozhets; Tatyana Zvyagintseva

doi:10.1002/biot.200700054

Fucoidan Structure and Its Impact on Glucose Metabolism: Implications for Diabetes and Cancer Therapy

Marine Drugs ◽

10.3390/md19010030 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 30

Author(s):

Blessing Mabate ◽

Chantal Désirée Daub ◽

Samkelo Malgas ◽

Adrienne Lesley Edkins ◽

Brett Ivan Pletschke

Keyword(s):

Biological Activity ◽

Glucose Metabolism ◽

Extensive Study ◽

Limited Data ◽

Central Process ◽

Diabetes Therapy ◽

Research Attention ◽

Brown Seaweeds ◽

Anticancer Properties ◽

The Past

Fucoidans are complex polysaccharides derived from brown seaweeds which consist of considerable proportions of L-fucose and other monosaccharides, and sulphated ester residues. The search for novel and natural bioproduct drugs (due to toxicity issues associated with chemotherapeutics) has led to the extensive study of fucoidan due to reports of it having several bioactive characteristics. Among other fucoidan bioactivities, antidiabetic and anticancer properties have received the most research attention in the past decade. However, the elucidation of the fucoidan structure and its biological activity is still vague. In addition, research has suggested that there is a link between diabetes and cancer; however, limited data exist where dual chemotherapeutic efforts are elucidated. This review provides an overview of glucose metabolism, which is the central process involved in the progression of both diseases. We also highlight potential therapeutic targets and show the relevance of fucoidan and its derivatives as a candidate for both cancer and diabetes therapy.

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Advances in Research on the Bioactivity of Alginate Oligosaccharides

Marine Drugs ◽

10.3390/md18030144 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 18 (3) ◽

pp. 144 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Maochen Xing ◽

Qi Cao ◽

Yu Wang ◽

Han Xiao ◽

Jiarui Zhao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Molecular Weight ◽

Biological Activity ◽

Theoretical Basis ◽

Low Molecular Weight ◽

Brown Seaweeds ◽

Promote Cell Proliferation ◽

Natural Polysaccharide ◽

Alginate Oligosaccharides ◽

Alginate Oligosaccharide ◽

Alginate Degradation

Alginate is a natural polysaccharide present in various marine brown seaweeds. Alginate oligosaccharide (AOS) is a degradation product of alginate, which has received increasing attention due to its low molecular weight and promising biological activity. The wide-ranging biological activity of AOS is closely related to the diversity of their structures. AOS with a specific structure and distinct applications can be obtained by different methods of alginate degradation. This review focuses on recent advances in the biological activity of alginate and its derivatives, including their anti-tumor, anti-oxidative, immunoregulatory, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, antibacterial, hypolipidemic, antihypertensive, and hypoglycemic properties, as well as the ability to suppress obesity and promote cell proliferation and regulate plant growth. We hope that this review will provide theoretical basis and inspiration for the high-value research developments and utilization of AOS-related products.

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Fucoidan Extracted from Undaria pinnatifida: Source for Nutraceuticals/Functional Foods

Marine Drugs ◽

10.3390/md16090321 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 16 (9) ◽

pp. 321 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

Yu Zhao ◽

Yizhou Zheng ◽

Jie Wang ◽

Shuyi Ma ◽

Yiming Yu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Biological Activity ◽

Functional Foods ◽

Undaria Pinnatifida ◽

Biological Effects ◽

Activity Relationship ◽

Future Research ◽

Brown Seaweeds ◽

Anticancer Effects ◽

Structure Activity ◽

Health Products

The importance of fucoidan as a functional ingredient in food, health products, and pharmaceutics is well-recognized due to its beneficial biological effects. Fucoidan is usually extracted from brown seaweeds, including Undaria pinnatifida. Fucoidan exhibits beneficial bio-activity and has antioxidant, anticancer, and anticoagulant properties. This review focuses on the biological activity of U. pinnatifida-derived fucoidan and investigates its structure–activity or fraction–activity relationship. It also describes several fucoidan extracts, along with their claimed anticancer effects. It aims to provide information and thoughts for future research such as the development of fucoidan into functional foods or nutraceuticals.

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Virus-Like Particles in a Human Breast Cancer: Structural Similarity to Previously Reported Particles

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100072332 ◽

1973 ◽

Vol 31 ◽

pp. 378-379

Author(s):

G. Kasnic ◽

S. E. Stewart ◽

C. Urbanski

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Biological Activity ◽

Human Breast Cancer ◽

Osteogenic Sarcoma ◽

Human Tumor ◽

Structural Similarity ◽

Cell Tumor ◽

Human Breast ◽

Human Tumor Cell ◽

Type Particle

We have reported the maturation of an intracisternal A-type particle in murine plasma cell tumor cultures and three human tumor cell cultures (rhabdomyosarcoma, lung adenocarcinoma, and osteogenic sarcoma) after IUDR-DMSO activation. In all of these studies the A-type particle seems to develop into a form with an electron dense nucleoid, presumably mature, which is also intracisternal. A similar intracisternal A-type particle has been described in leukemic guinea pigs. Although no biological activity has yet been demonstrated for these particles, on morphologic grounds, and by the manner in which they develop within the cell, they may represent members of the same family of viruses.

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Effects of Vincristine on Endothelial Microtubules in the Spinal Cord

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100090270 ◽

1976 ◽

Vol 34 ◽

pp. 58-59

Author(s):

John L. Beggs ◽

John D. Waggener ◽

Wanda Miller

Keyword(s):

Spinal Cord ◽

Biological Activity ◽

Horseradish Peroxidase ◽

Transport Mechanism ◽

Vasogenic Edema ◽

Vesicular Transport ◽

Close Proximity

Microtubules (MT) are versatile organelles participating in a wide variety of biological activity. MT involvement in the movement and transport of cytoplasmic components has been well documented. In the course of our study on trauma-induced vasogenic edema in the spinal cord we have concluded that endothelial vesicles contribute to the edema process. Using horseradish peroxidase as a vascular tracer, labeled endothelial vesicles were present in all situations expected if a vesicular transport mechanism was in operation. Frequently,labeled vesicles coalesced to form channels that appeared to traverse the endothelium. The presence of MT in close proximity to labeled vesicles sugg ested that MT may play a role in vesicular activity.

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