scholarly journals Multiple paternity and the number of offspring: A model reveals two major groups of species

BioEssays ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 2000247
Author(s):  
Hannah E. Correia ◽  
Ash Abebe ◽  
F. Stephen Dobson
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Paternity

scholarly journals Multiple paternity and female sperm usage along egg-case strings of the knobbed whelk, Busycon carica (Mollusca; Melongenidae)

2006 ◽  
Vol 151 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
DeEtte Walker ◽  
Alan J. Power ◽  
Mary Sweeney-Reeves ◽  
John C. Avise
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Paternity ◽  
Busycon Carica ◽  
Egg Case

Spawning behaviour of Atlantic cod, Gadus morhua: evidence of mate competition and mate choice in a broadcast spawner

1999 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey A Hutchings ◽  
Todd D Bishop ◽  
Carolyn R McGregor-Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Mate Choice ◽  
Gadus Morhua ◽  
Dna Analysis ◽  
Atlantic Cod ◽  
Multiple Paternity ◽  
Reproductive Behaviour ◽  
Male Dominance ◽  
Male Body ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Spawning Period

We quantified individual differences in Atlantic cod, Gadus morhua, reproductive behaviour at a field-reported spawning density under experimental conditions. Marked individuals (nine females, seven males) were observed twice daily and videotaped continuously for 9 weeks at ambient photoperiod and temperature in a large tank (60 m3). Agonistic interactions appeared to maintain a size-based dominance hierarchy among males. Multiple paternity per spawning bout, revealed by microsatellite DNA analysis, suggested a link between dominance and fertilization success. Interactions between sexes were dominated by the circling of females by males. Predicated by vertical separation from males, and after descending to the bottom, a motionless female would be circled up to 17 times, often by one male per circling bout but by several males throughout the spawning period. Although circling frequency increased with male dominance and male body size, initiation and termination of this behaviour appeared to be under female control. Circling provides opportunities for males to gain individual access to reproductive females and for females to assess the quality of potential mates. Our evidence for nonrandom mate choice and for male-male competition and display has implications for Atlantic cod mating systems and effects of fishing on their reproductive success.

Multiple paternity in Belding's ground squirrel litters

Science ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 212 (4492) ◽  
pp. 351-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Hanken ◽  
P. Sherman
Keyword(s):  
Ground Squirrel ◽  
Multiple Paternity

Variation in reproductive success of male and female Columbian ground squirrels (Urocitellus columbianus)

2012 ◽  
Vol 90 (6) ◽  
pp. 736-743 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip H. Jones ◽  
Jeffrey L. Van Zant ◽  
F. Stephen Dobson
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Mating System ◽  
Multiple Paternity ◽  
Ground Squirrels ◽  
Male Reproductive Success ◽  
Offspring Production ◽  
Bateman Gradient ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Columbian Ground Squirrels

The imbalanced reproductive success of polygynous mammals results in sexual selection on male traits like body size. Males and females might have more balanced reproductive success under polygynandry, where both sexes mate multiply. Using 4 years of microsatellite DNA analyses of paternity and known maternity, we investigated variation in reproductive success of Columbian ground squirrels, Urocitellus columbianus (Ord, 1815); a species with multiple mating by both sexes and multiple paternity of litters. We asked whether male reproductive success was more variable than that of females under this mating system. The overall percentage of confirmed paternity was 61.4% of 339 offspring. The mean rate of multiple paternity in litters with known fathers was 72.4% (n = 29 litters). Estimated mean reproductive success of males (10.27 offspring) was about thrice that of females (3.11 offspring). Even after this difference was taken into account statistically, males were about three times as variable in reproductive success as females (coefficients of variation = 77.84% and 26.74%, respectively). The Bateman gradient (regression slope of offspring production on number of successful mates) was significantly greater for males (βM = 1.44) than females (βF = 0.28). Thus, under a polygynandrous mating system, males exhibited greater variation in reproductive success than females.

Multiple paternity in Chinese alligator (Alligator sinensis) clutches during a reproductive season at Xuanzhou Nature Reserve

2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 419-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-Bing Wu ◽  
Yun Hu
Keyword(s):  
Dna Markers ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Multiple Paternity ◽  
Reproductive Season ◽  
Null Alleles ◽  
Chinese Alligator ◽  
Microsatellite Dna Markers ◽  
Alligator Sinensis ◽  
Allele Assignment

AbstractPaternity testing was determined in Chinese alligator (Alligator sinensis) clutches during a reproductive season at Xuanzhou Nature Reserve, using five microsatellite loci. DNA from ten mother and offspring clutches was analysed to identify paternal alleles. Three or four paternal alleles were observed among three of ten clutches. These clutches were sired by at least two different males. This present study confirmed the effectiveness of microsatellite DNA markers in detecting multiple paternity within natural populations of Chinese alligator. However, to reduce the confounding effects of mutations and null alleles on allele assignment and to increase power to monitor individual's genetic contribution, we need additional variable genetic markers.

scholarly journals Multiple paternity in the freshwater snail,Potamopyrgus antipodarum

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (12) ◽  
pp. 3179-3185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deanna M. Soper ◽  
Lynda F. Delph ◽  
Curt M. Lively
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Paternity ◽  
Freshwater Snail ◽  
Potamopyrgus Antipodarum
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