scholarly journals Brain Ventricular System and Cerebrospinal Fluid Development and Function: Light at the End of the Tube

BioEssays ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 1900186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryann M. Fame ◽  
Christian Cortés‐Campos ◽  
Hazel L. Sive
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Ventricular System ◽  
Brain Ventricular System ◽  
And Function

Impermeability of the Blood—Cerebrospinal Fluid Barrier for Angiotensin II in Rats

1976 ◽  
Vol 51 (s3) ◽  
pp. 399s-402s ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Schelling ◽  
J. S. Hutchinson ◽  
U. Ganten ◽  
G. Sponer ◽  
D. Ganten
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Intravenous Infusion ◽  
Ventricular System ◽  
Cisterna Magna ◽  
Biochemical Methods ◽  
Intravenous Infusions ◽  
Artificial Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Brain Ventricular System ◽  
The Brain

1. Anaesthetized, nephrectomized rats were infused intravenously with unlabelled angiotensin II (AII) or with [3H]angiotensin II (3H-labelled AII). The brain ventricular system was perfused with artificial cerebrospinal fluid. The perfusate was collected from the cisterna magna and analysed for AII by radioimmunological and biochemical methods. 2. No increase of immunoreactive AII in cerebrospinal fluid could be shown during intravenous infusion of AII. 3. During intravenous infusions of 3H-labelled AII at pressor doses small amounts of radioactivity were found in cerebrospinal fluid perfusate. 4. The radioactivity of cerebrospinal fluid outflow could not be related to AII.

Effects of irregular cerebrospinal fluid production rate in human brain ventricular system

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edi Azali Hadzri ◽  
Amir Hamzah Shamsudin ◽  
Kahar Osman ◽  
Mohammed Rafiq Abdul Kadir ◽  
Azian Abd Aziz
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Human Brain ◽  
Production Rate ◽  
Ventricular System ◽  
Fluid Production ◽  
Brain Ventricular System

scholarly journals Camel regulates development of the brain ventricular system

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shulan Yang ◽  
Alexander Emelyanov ◽  
May-Su You ◽  
Melvin Sin ◽  
Vladimir Korzh
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Ventricular System ◽  
Fiber Formation ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Roof Plate ◽  
Brain Ventricular System ◽  
The Brain

Abstract Development of the brain ventricular system of vertebrates and the molecular mechanisms involved are not fully understood. The developmental genes expressed in the elements of the brain ventricular system such as the ependyma and circumventricular organs act as molecular determinants of cell adhesion critical for the formation of brain ventricular system. They control brain development and function, including the flow of cerebrospinal fluid. Here, we describe the novel distantly related member of the zebrafish L1-CAM family of genes—camel. Whereas its maternal transcripts distributed uniformly, the zygotic transcripts demonstrate clearly defined expression patterns, in particular in the axial structures: floor plate, hypochord, and roof plate. camel expresses in several other cell lineages with access to the brain ventricular system, including the midbrain roof plate, subcommissural organ, organum vasculosum lamina terminalis, median eminence, paraventricular organ, flexural organ, and inter-rhombomeric boundaries. This expression pattern suggests a role of Camel in neural development. Several isoforms of Camel generated by differential splicing of exons encoding the sixth fibronectin type III domain enhance cell adhesion differentially. The antisense oligomer morpholino-mediated loss-of-function of Camel affects cell adhesion and causes hydrocephalus and scoliosis manifested via the tail curled down phenotype. The subcommissural organ’s derivative—the Reissner fiber—participates in the flow of cerebrospinal fluid. The Reissner fiber fails to form upon morpholino-mediated Camel loss-of-function. The Camel mRNA–mediated gain-of-function causes the Reissner fiber misdirection. This study revealed a link between Chl1a/Camel and Reissner fiber formation, and this supports the idea that CHL1 is one of the scoliosis factors.

Ventricular and Cerebrospinal Fluid System

2017 ◽  
pp. 409-434
Author(s):  
Eduardo E. Benarroch ◽  
Jeremy K. Cutsforth-Gregory ◽  
Kelly D. Flemming
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Neural Tissue ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
System P ◽  
Neurologic Disorders ◽  
Unique System ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Protective Structures ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Brain

The meninges, ventricular system, subarachnoid space, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) constitute a functionally unique system that has an important role in maintaining a stable environment within which the central nervous system can function. The membranes that constitute the meninges serve as supportive and protective structures for neural tissue. The CSF itself provides a cushioning effect during rapid movement of the head and mechanical buoyancy to the brain. In addition to providing a pathway for the removal of brain metabolites, it functions as a chemical reservoir that protects the local environment of the brain from changes that may occur in the blood, thus ensuring the brain’s continued undisturbed performance. The CSF system is present at the supratentorial, posterior fossa, and spinal levels. Because of this extensive anatomical distribution and function, pathologic alterations of the CSF system can occur in many neurologic disorders.

Apparatus for long-term ventricular access in the awake canine

1986 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 368-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. C. Ellison ◽  
T. T. Pappas ◽  
W. G. Pace ◽  
T. M. O'Dorisio
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Ventricular System ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Maximum Frequency ◽  
Fatal Complications

An apparatus is described that permits lateral ventricular cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) to be sampled or an infusion to be performed into the ventricular system in the awake canine. The device has been used in 25 dogs. CSF was sampled, and experiments involving infusions into the lateral ventricle were performed over a 6- to 24-mo period. The maximum frequency of ventricular cannulation using the apparatus was once per week. Complications occurred in 10 dogs, all of which were successfully treated, permitting experiments to continue. Three fatal complications included meningitis in one animal at 24 mo and seizures in two animals, causing death at 12 and 18 mo. Administration of peptides, bombesin, and somatostatin into the ventricular system was followed by prompt rises in bombesin and somatostatin radioimmunoactivity in the CSF. There were no parallel increases of these peptides in the peripheral blood levels up to 2 h after infusion. Peptides of this molecular weight infused with this apparatus do not seem to leak into peripheral blood. The apparatus permits repeated ventricular cannulation in the awake canine for sampling of CSF and administration of biological substances to determine specific central nervous system action.

Ciliary motility in brain ventricular system and trachea of hamster

1985 ◽  
Vol 330 (2) ◽  
pp. 291-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yehudah Roth ◽  
Yosef Kimhi ◽  
Habib Edery ◽  
Ephram Aharonson ◽  
Zvi Priel
Keyword(s):  
Ventricular System ◽  
Ciliary Motility ◽  
Brain Ventricular System

Relationship between arterial and cisternal CSF oxygen tension in rabbits

1979 ◽  
Vol 236 (3) ◽  
pp. F220-F225
Author(s):  
L. Jankowska ◽  
P. Grieb
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Choroid Plexus ◽  
Oxygen Tension ◽  
Linear Regression Equation ◽  
Mechanically Ventilated ◽  
Fluid Formation ◽  
And Function ◽  
Ionic Exchanges ◽  
Arterial Po2

Oxygen tension was measured in samples of blood and cisternal cerebrospinal fluid taken from anesthetized, paralyzed, and mechanically ventilated rabbits at various levels of arterial PO2. Cerebrospinal fluid oxygen tension (CSF PO2) was correlated with arterial PO2 (linear regression equation PCSFO2 = 0.2472 Pao2 + 42.34). During hypoxia CSF PO2 was higher than arterial PO2 in most experiments. These data can be attributed to the Bohr effect, which would increase the PO2 of the blood in choroid plexus capillaries as a result of its acidification. The acidification was suggested by Maren (Am. J. Physiol. 222: 885-889, 1972) to be a part of the ionic exchanges involved in cerebrospinal fluid formation. Such a mechanism may be of importance for supporting choroid plexus metabolism and function during hypoxia. This mechanism is most clearly seen in the rabbit.

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