Coordination of cell proliferation and cell fate decisions in the angiosperm shoot apical meristem

BioEssays ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer C. Fletcher
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Shoot Apical Meristem ◽  
Apical Meristem ◽  
Cell Fate Decisions

scholarly journals Cell fate clusters in ICM organoids arise from cell fate heredity and division: a modelling approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Liebisch ◽  
Armin Drusko ◽  
Biena Mathew ◽  
Ernst H. K. Stelzer ◽  
Sabine C. Fischer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Cell Division ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Inner Cell Mass ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Cell Lineage ◽  
Cell Fate Decision ◽  
Cell Fate Decisions ◽  
Chemical Signalling ◽  
Fate Decision

AbstractDuring the mammalian preimplantation phase, cells undergo two subsequent cell fate decisions. During the first decision, the trophectoderm and the inner cell mass are formed. Subsequently, the inner cell mass segregates into the epiblast and the primitive endoderm. Inner cell mass organoids represent an experimental model system, mimicking the second cell fate decision. It has been shown that cells of the same fate tend to cluster stronger than expected for random cell fate decisions. Three major processes are hypothesised to contribute to the cell fate arrangements: (1) chemical signalling; (2) cell sorting; and (3) cell proliferation. In order to quantify the influence of cell proliferation on the observed cell lineage type clustering, we developed an agent-based model accounting for mechanical cell–cell interaction, i.e. adhesion and repulsion, cell division, stochastic cell fate decision and cell fate heredity. The model supports the hypothesis that initial cell fate acquisition is a stochastically driven process, taking place in the early development of inner cell mass organoids. Further, we show that the observed neighbourhood structures can emerge solely due to cell fate heredity during cell division.

scholarly journals Does Shoot Apical Meristem Function as the Germline in Safeguarding Against Excess of Mutations?

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agata Burian
Keyword(s):  
Cell Fate ◽  
Shoot Apical Meristem ◽  
Apical Meristem ◽  
Cell Lineage ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Tissue Level ◽  
Protective Mechanisms ◽  
Genetic Continuity ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Living Organisms

A genetic continuity of living organisms relies on the germline which is a specialized cell lineage producing gametes. Essential in the germline functioning is the protection of genetic information that is subjected to spontaneous mutations. Due to indeterminate growth, late specification of the germline, and unique longevity, plants are expected to accumulate somatic mutations during their lifetime that leads to decrease in individual and population fitness. However, protective mechanisms, similar to those in animals, exist in plant shoot apical meristem (SAM) allowing plants to reduce the accumulation and transmission of mutations. This review describes cellular- and tissue-level mechanisms related to spatio-temporal distribution of cell divisions, organization of stem cell lineages, and cell fate specification to argue that the SAM functions analogous to animal germline.

scholarly journals Let-7 regulates cell cycle dynamics in the developing cerebral cortex and retina

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Corinne L. A. Fairchild ◽  
Simranjeet K. Cheema ◽  
Joanna Wong ◽  
Keiko Hino ◽  
Sergi Simó ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Cell Cycle Progression ◽  
Developmental Time ◽  
Neural Progenitors ◽  
Cycle Progression ◽  
Cell Fate Decisions ◽  
Cell Cycle Dynamics

Abstract In the neural progenitors of the developing central nervous system (CNS), cell proliferation is tightly controlled and coordinated with cell fate decisions. Progenitors divide rapidly during early development and their cell cycle lengthens progressively as development advances to eventually give rise to a tissue of the correct size and cellular composition. However, our understanding of the molecules linking cell cycle progression to developmental time is incomplete. Here, we show that the microRNA (miRNA) let-7 accumulates in neural progenitors over time throughout the developing CNS. Intriguingly, we find that the level and activity of let-7 oscillate as neural progenitors progress through the cell cycle by in situ hybridization and fluorescent miRNA sensor analyses. We also show that let-7 mediates cell cycle dynamics: increasing the level of let-7 promotes cell cycle exit and lengthens the S/G2 phase of the cell cycle, while let-7 knock down shortens the cell cycle in neural progenitors. Together, our findings suggest that let-7 may link cell proliferation to developmental time and regulate the progressive cell cycle lengthening that occurs during development.

scholarly journals WUSCHEL in the shoot apical meristem: old player, new tricks

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filipa Lopes ◽  
Carlos Galvan-Ampudia ◽  
Benoit Landrein
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Shoot Apical Meristem ◽  
Feedback Loop ◽  
Apical Meristem ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Central Zone ◽  
Environmental Signals ◽  
Plant Environment ◽  
Organizing Center

Abstract The maintenance of the stem cell niche in the shoot apical meristem, the structure that generates all of the aerial organs of the plant, relies on a canonical feedback loop between WUSCHEL (WUS) and CLV3 (CLV3). WUS is a homeodomain transcription factor expressed in the organizing center that moves to the central zone to promote stem cell fate. CLAVATA3 is a peptide whose expression is induced by WUS in the central zone that can move back to the organizing center to inhibit WUS expression. Within the last 20 years since the initial formulation of the CLV/WUS feedback loop, the mechanisms of stem cell maintenance have been intensively studied and the function of WUS has been redefined. In this review, we will highlight the most recent advances in our comprehension of the molecular mechanisms of WUS function, of its interaction with other transcription factors and with hormonal signals and of its connection to environmental signals. Through this, we will show how WUS can integrate both internal and external cues to adapt meristem function to the plant environment.

scholarly journals Deletion of Mtg16, a Target of t(16;21), Alters Hematopoietic Progenitor Cell Proliferation and Lineage Allocation

2008 ◽  
Vol 28 (20) ◽  
pp. 6234-6247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brenda J. Chyla ◽  
Isabel Moreno-Miralles ◽  
Melissa A. Steapleton ◽  
Mary Ann Thompson ◽  
Srividya Bhaskara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Progenitor Cell ◽  
Hematopoietic Progenitor Cell ◽  
Hematopoietic Progenitor ◽  
Erythroid Progenitor ◽  
Cell Fate Decisions ◽  
Erythroid Progenitor Cells ◽  
Progenitor Cell Proliferation

ABSTRACT While a number of DNA binding transcription factors have been identified that control hematopoietic cell fate decisions, only a limited number of transcriptional corepressors (e.g., the retinoblastoma protein [pRB] and the nuclear hormone corepressor [N-CoR]) have been linked to these functions. Here, we show that the transcriptional corepressor Mtg16 (myeloid translocation gene on chromosome 16), which is targeted by t(16;21) in acute myeloid leukemia, is required for hematopoietic progenitor cell fate decisions and for early progenitor cell proliferation. Inactivation of Mtg16 skewed early myeloid progenitor cells toward the granulocytic/macrophage lineage while reducing the numbers of megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cells. In addition, inactivation of Mtg16 impaired the rapid expansion of short-term stem cells, multipotent progenitor cells, and megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cells that is required under hematopoietic stress/emergency. This impairment appears to be a failure to proliferate rather than an induction of cell death, as expression of c-Myc, but not Bcl2, complemented the Mtg16 − / − defect.

scholarly journals Notch-Directed Germ Cell Proliferation Is Mediated by Proteoglycan-Dependent Transcription

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandeep Gopal ◽  
Aqilah Amran ◽  
Andre Elton ◽  
Leelee Ng ◽  
Roger Pocock
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Germ Cell ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Notch Receptor ◽  
Cell Fate Decisions ◽  
Calcium Dependent ◽  
Cell Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Germline Proliferation ◽  
Membrane Bound

Notch receptors are essential membrane-bound regulators of cell proliferation and differentiation in metazoa. In the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, correct expression of GLP-1 (germline proliferation-1), a germline-expressed Notch receptor, is important for germ cell maintenance. However, mechanisms that regulate GLP-1 expression are undefined. Here, we demonstrate that an AP-2 transcription factor (APTF-2) regulates GLP-1 expression through calcium-dependent binding to a conserved motif in the glp-1 promoter. Our data reveals that SDN-1 (syndecan-1), a transmembrane proteoglycan, regulates a TRP calcium channel in the soma to modulate the interaction between APTF-2 and glp-1 promoter - thus providing a potential communication nexus between the germline and its somatic environment to control germ cell fate decisions.

scholarly journals Effect of cytokinins on shoot apical meristem in Nicotiana tabacum

2012 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 511-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Branka Uzelac ◽  
Dusica Janosevic ◽  
Dragana Stojicic ◽  
Snezana Budimir
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Nicotiana Tabacum ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Shoot Apical Meristem ◽  
Apical Meristem ◽  
Mitotic Cell ◽  
Anatomical Changes ◽  
Cell Divisions ◽  
Exogenous Cytokinin

Cytokinins are involved in plant cell proliferation leading to plant growth and morphogenesis. The size, activity and maintenance of the shoot apical meristem (SAM) are defined by a balanced rate of mitotic cell divisions and functional cell differentiation that are controlled by cytokinins. In order to investigate the effect of exogenous cytokinin on SAM, morpho-anatomical changes in the shoot apices of tobacco treated with benzyladenine (BA) were compared to those of untreated control plants.

Cell proliferation patterns at the shoot apical meristem

2005 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 587-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Traas ◽  
Isabelle Bohn-Courseau
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Shoot Apical Meristem ◽  
Apical Meristem
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