Co‐occurrence of congenital anomalies by maternal race/ethnicity among infants and fetuses with Down syndrome, 2013–2017: A U.S. population‐based analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin B. Stallings ◽  
Jennifer L. Isenburg ◽  
Dominique Heinke ◽  
Stephanie L. Sherman ◽  
Russell S. Kirby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Congenital Anomalies ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Maternal Race

scholarly journals Major congenital anomalies in babies born with Down syndrome: A EUROCAT population-based registry study

2014 ◽  
Vol 164 (12) ◽  
pp. 2979-2986 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan K. Morris ◽  
Ester Garne ◽  
Diana Wellesley ◽  
Marie-Claude Addor ◽  
Larraitz Arriola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Congenital Anomalies ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Registry Study ◽  
Population Based Registry

scholarly journals Autism Spectrum Disorders and Race, Ethnicity, and Nativity: A Population-Based Study

PEDIATRICS ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 134 (1) ◽  
pp. e63-e71 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. A. Becerra ◽  
O. S. von Ehrenstein ◽  
J. E. Heck ◽  
J. Olsen ◽  
O. A. Arah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

Racial disparity in KRAS mutation frequency and outcomes in colorectal cancer (CRC): A U.S. population based study.

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 18-18
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Bien ◽  
Mayada Aljehani ◽  
Jerry S.H. Lee ◽  
Albert Y. Lin
Keyword(s):  
Racial Disparity ◽  
Kras Mutation ◽  
Mutation Frequency ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Mutation Status ◽  
Risk Increase ◽  
Kras Status ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Hispanic Patients ◽  
Race Ethnicity

18 Background: Racial disparity in CRC survival outcome is well documented. Although the reasons for disparity are unclear, a combination of differences in access to care, quality of care, differential treatment response, and underlying cancer biology are implicated. Further, recent studies have observed differences in KRAS mutation frequency between race/ethnic groups. KRAS mutation in metastatic CRC portends a worse response to EGFR-directed therapy, and predicts a poorer prognosis. In this study, we examined whether racial/ethnic differences in KRAS mutation frequency might impact CRC outcomes on a population-based level. Methods: We examined data from 202,237 CRC patients in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) registry between 2010 and 2015. The differences in tumor mutation status by stage and race/ethnicity were examined by χ2 testing. Cause-specific survival (CSS) and overall survival by mutation status were plotted by Kaplan-Meir curves. A multivariable Cox-proportional hazards model was used to construct hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CI) using patient demographics, tumor characteristics, and KRAS mutation status. Results: Overall, about 9% of patients (n = 18,248) in the SEER registry had KRAS status available. In this cohort, tumors from Non-Hispanic Black (NHB) (48%) or Hispanic patients (44%) carried a greater KRAS mutation (mKRAS) rate when compared against Non-Hispanic White (NHW) (39%) or Asian or Pacific Islander (API) patients (37%) (p < 0.01). The assessment of the impact of mKRAS within each race/ethnic group, comparing patients with mKRAS versus wild-type KRAS (wKRAS) on CSS risk show a 7% risk increase for NHW, (HR = 1.07; 95%CI:1.02-1.12), a 15% risk increase for NHB, (HR = 1.15; 95%CI:1.04-1.26) and no significant increase among API, (HR = 1.02; 95%CI:0.92-1.4). Among patients with wKRAS, with NHW for reference, the risk of CSS is 11% higher among NHB (HR = 1.11; 95%CI:1.00-1.23), 14% higher for Hispanic, (HR = 1.14; 95%CI:1.02-1.26) and no significant difference observed among API, (HR = 1.03; 95%CI:0.91-1.16). Evaluation of the interaction between race/ethnicity and KRAS status on the CSS risk shows an increase of: 11% for mKRAS NHW, (HR = 1.11; 95%CI:1.00-1.23), 13% risk for NHB (HR = 1.13; 95%CI:1.01-1.25), 11% for Hispanic wKRAS, (HR = 1.11; 95%CI:1.04-1.18), 31% for Hispanic mKRAS (HR = 1.31; 95%CI:1.18-1.145), 16% for wKRAS API (HR = 1.16; 95%CI:1.03-1.29). In contrast, no significant difference in risk is seen for NHB nor API patients, HR = 1.02 (95%CI:0.90-1.14) and 1.04 (95%CI:0.91-1.20) respectively. Conclusions: mKRAS, compared to wKRAS, connotes worse CSS among NHW and NHB patients. Among wKRAS, NHB and Hispanic patients still experience higher mortality risk. This data suggests the negative prognosis heretofore associated with mKRAS may be linked to race/ethnicity and worthy of further study.

Maternal occupation as a nail technician or hairdresser during pregnancy and birth defects, National Birth Defects Prevention Study, 1997–2011

2021 ◽  
pp. oemed-2021-107561
Author(s):  
Miriam R Siegel ◽  
Carissa M Rocheleau ◽  
Kendra Broadwater ◽  
Albeliz Santiago-Colón ◽  
Candice Y Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Defects ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Small Samples ◽  
Prevention Study ◽  
Control Data ◽  
Reproductive Effects ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Maternal Occupation ◽  
Pregnancy And Birth

ObjectiveNail technicians and hairdressers may be exposed to chemicals with potential reproductive effects. While studies have examined birth defects in children of hairdressers, those in children of nail technicians have not been evaluated. We investigated associations between selected birth defects and maternal occupation as a nail technician or hairdresser versus a non-cosmetology occupation during pregnancy.MethodsWe analysed population-based case–control data from the multisite National Birth Defects Prevention Study, 1997–2011. Cases were fetuses or infants with major structural birth defects; controls were live-born infants without major birth defects. Expert raters classified self-reported maternal jobs as nail technician, combination nail technician-hairdresser, hairdresser, other cosmetology work or non-cosmetology work. We used logistic regression to calculate adjusted ORs and 95% CIs for associations between occupation during pregnancy and birth defects, controlling for age, smoking, education and race/ethnicity.ResultsSixty-one mothers worked as nail technicians, 196 as hairdressers, 39 as combination nail technician-hairdressers and 42 810 as non-cosmetologists. The strongest associations among nail technicians included seven congenital heart defect (CHD) groups (ORs ranging from 2.7 to 3.5) and neural tube defects (OR=2.6, CI=0.8 to 8.4). Birth defects most strongly associated with hairdressing included anotia/microtia (OR=2.1, CI=0.6 to 6.9) and cleft lip with cleft palate (OR=2.0, CI=1.1 to 3.7). All oral cleft groups were associated with combination nail technician-hairdresser work (ORs ranging from 4.2 to 5.3).ConclusionsSmall samples resulted in wide CIs. Still, results suggest associations between maternal nail technician work during pregnancy and CHDs and between hairdressing work and oral clefts.

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