scholarly journals An investigation of multiplier effects generated by implementing queue jump lanes at multiple intersections

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (8) ◽  
pp. 1699-1715 ◽  
Author(s):  
Long T. Truong ◽  
Majid Sarvi ◽  
Graham Currie
Keyword(s):  
Multiplier Effects ◽  
Multiple Intersections

Does Combining Transit Signal Priority with Dedicated Bus Lanes or Queue Jump Lanes at Multiple Intersections Create Multiplier Effects?

2017 ◽  
Vol 2647 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Long T. Truong ◽  
Graham Currie ◽  
Mark Wallace ◽  
Chris De Gruyter
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Policy Implication ◽  
Transit Signal Priority ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
Multiplier Effect ◽  
Bus Delay ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Multiplier Effects ◽  
Extensive Body ◽  
Multiple Intersections

An extensive body of literature deals with the design and operation of public transport (PT) priority measures. However, there is a need to understand whether providing transit signal priority with dedicated bus lanes (TSPwDBL) or transit signal priority with queue jump lanes (TSPwQJL) at multiple intersections creates a multiplier effect on PT benefits. If the benefit from providing priority together at multiple intersections is greater than the sum of benefits from providing priority separately at each of those individual intersections, a multiplier effect exists. This paper explores the effects of providing TSPwDBL or TSPwQJL at multiple intersections on bus delay savings and person delay savings. Simulation results reveal that providing TSPwDBL or TSPwQJL at multiple intersections may create a multiplier effect on one-directional bus delay savings, particularly when signal offsets provide bus progression for that direction. The multiplier effect may result in a 5% to 8% increase in bus delay savings for each additional intersection with TSPwDBL or TSPwQJL. A possible explanation is that TSPwDBL and TSPwQJL can reduce the variations in bus travel times and thus allow signal offsets—which account for bus progression—to perform even better. Furthermore, results show little evidence of the existence of a multiplier effect on person delay savings, particularly for TSPwQJL with offsets that favor person delay savings. A policy implication of these findings is that considerable PT benefits can be achieved by providing both time and space priority in combination on a corridorwide scale.

Framework

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Roe ◽  
Jeffery Round
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chains ◽  
Social Impacts ◽  
Income Growth ◽  
Direct Effects ◽  
Local Supply ◽  
Multiplier Effects ◽  
Economic And Social Impacts

This chapter discusses the channels of impact of an extractives activity on an economy by describing the different routes through which the direct economic and social impacts of these activities might be enhanced. These routes include those that often have the highest political profile, namely spending of government revenues. It also discusses other channels that arguably are far more important, such as the direct effects of corporate spend in local supply chains; the immediate ‘multiplier’ effects of this; the further multipliers that follow from significant income growth; the new downstream activities that may be built on the primary extractive activity; and the externalities that may accrue from the direct boost that a large extractive investment is likely to provide.

scholarly journals How Resilient Is ASEAN-5 to Trade Shocks? A Comparison of Regional and Global Shocks

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-115
Author(s):  
Mala Raghavan ◽  
Evelyn S. Devadason
Keyword(s):  
Structural Var ◽  
External Shocks ◽  
Economic Resilience ◽  
Cumulative Impact ◽  
Trade Shocks ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Global Shocks ◽  
Multiplier Effects ◽  
Regional Shocks ◽  
Direct Trade

This article studies the resilience of the ASEAN region to external shocks amid the unfolding effects of the USA–China trade war. It investigates and compares the effects of regional (ASEAN) and global (USA, China) shocks on ASEAN-5 using a Structural VAR (SVAR) framework. To identify the propagation of economic shocks and spillovers on ASEAN-5, the changing trade links between the economies considered are used to account for time variations spanning the period 1978Q1–2018Q2. Three major results follow from the analyses on trade links and output multiplier effects. First, the response of ASEAN-5 to shocks from the USA and China were more pronounced than regional shocks for the period after the Asian financial crisis. Second, the increasing cumulative impact of China’s shock on ASEAN was congruous to the growing trade links and trade intensities between ASEAN and China. Third, the USA and China were dominant growth drivers for the weaker trade-linked ASEAN partners. Taken together, the results suggest that global shocks matter for the region, and the economic resilience of the region to global shocks depends on indirect effects apart from the direct trade links.

Peer effects in the valuation and practices of food safety: findings from the study of dairy consumers in India

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raj Chandra ◽  
Abdul Munasib ◽  
Devesh Roy ◽  
Vinay K. Sonkar
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Food Safety ◽  
Peer Effects ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Information Campaigns ◽  
Social Multiplier ◽  
Multiplier Effects ◽  
The Right

Purpose Information is often available to consumers through their social networks. Focusing on dairy consumers in India, this paper aims to present evidence of peer effects in consumers’ attitudes towards various food safety attributes and food safety practices. Design/methodology/approach Unobserved individual heterogeneities are crucial confounders in the identification of social (endogenous) effects. The identification is based on exploiting within-consumer variation across different aspects of attitude (or practices) related to food safety. Findings This paper uses a novel identification strategy that allows for average effects across attributes and practices to be estimated. Using the strategy, though this paper cannot estimate endogenous effects in each attribute or practice, this paper is able to identify such effects averaged over attributes or practices. Research limitations/implications Cross-sectional study, caste affiliation is not defined at the right level of granularity. Practical implications The results suggest that information campaigns aimed at creating awareness about food safety can have social multiplier effects, and this also translates into changes in the practices followed to mitigate food safety risks. Social implications In health-related awareness and practices, there are well-established cases of multiplier effects. The most significant example of this is the Pulse Polio campaign in India, where an awareness drives through social multiplier effects had such a significant impact that in 2012 India was declared polio-free. Perhaps, a similar campaign in matters related to food safety could be very fruitful. Originality/value The methodology and the issue are unique. Little exists in assessing social networks in the context of food safety.

Shifting Drivers of Growth: Policy Implications for ASEAN-5

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kong Yam Tan ◽  
Tilak Abeysinghe ◽  
Khee Giap Tan
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Business Cycle ◽  
The United States ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Structural Vector Autoregression ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
Vector Autoregression Model ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Multiplier Effects ◽  
Export Destination

How the old saying “when the United States sneezes, the world catches a cold” holds true has been the subject of many research papers on global and country group business cycle synchronization and divergence. Instead of business cycle linkages, however, this paper examines the evolution of the dependence of ASEAN-5 and other Asian economies on their traditional and emerging growth engines (the United States, EU, Japan, China, and India). For this we use a structural vector autoregression model that yields time-varying growth multiplier effects. Although China has overtaken others as a major export destination for ASEAN-5 and despite the United States losing much of its relative economic clout in Asia, the multiplier effects show that the United States is still about 1.5 times more growth-enhancing than China for ASEAN-5. The EU has also not lost out completely to China as a growth engine. China, however, has overtaken Japan to become about 1.88 times more growth enhancing than Japan for ASEAN-5. India has yet to become a significant growth engine, although it is of increasing importance to Singapore, Malaysia, and Indonesia. These results call for new initiatives to balance the rising over-dependence on China.

‘No country for old men’? The multiplier effects of pensions in Portuguese municipalities

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Reis Mourao ◽  
Cilina Vilela
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Analysis ◽  
Spatial Durbin Model ◽  
Control Variables ◽  
Multiplier Effects ◽  
Surrounding Areas ◽  
Old Men ◽  
Dynamic Spatial Durbin Model

AbstractOne of the major findings of this paper, which studied the multiplier effects of pensions received at each Portuguese municipality since 2003, is that pensions stimulate the incomes of municipalities. We studied these effects also considering the spillovers from/to the surrounding areas. After discussing several models of spatial analysis, we chose the Dynamic Spatial Durbin Model. Our results were obtained after considering a proper set of control variables.

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