scholarly journals Calcium signaling leads to mitochondrial depolarization in impact-induced chondrocyte death in equine articular cartilage explants

2007 ◽  
Vol 56 (7) ◽  
pp. 2322-2334 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. M. Huser ◽  
M. E. Davies
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Calcium Signaling ◽  
Cartilage Explants ◽  
Mitochondrial Depolarization ◽  
Chondrocyte Death

Influence of Stress Magnitude on Water Loss and Chondrocyte Viability in Impacted Articular Cartilage

2003 ◽  
Vol 125 (5) ◽  
pp. 594-601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dejan Milentijevic ◽  
David L. Helfet ◽  
Peter A. Torzilli
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Water Loss ◽  
Articular Surface ◽  
Axial Strain ◽  
Biological Response ◽  
Peak Stress ◽  
Cartilage Explants ◽  
Axial Deformation ◽  
Chondrocyte Viability ◽  
Chondrocyte Death

The objective of this study was to assess mechano-biological response of articular cartilage when subjected to a single impact stress. Mature bovine cartilage explants were impacted with peak stresses ranging from 10 to 60 MPa at a stress rate of 350 MPa/s. Water loss, matrix axial deformation, dynamic impact modulus (DIM), and cell viability were measured immediately after impaction. The water loss through the articular surface (AS) was small and ranged from 1% to 6% with increasing peak stress. The corresponding axial strains ranged from 2.5% to 25%, respectively, while the DIM was 455.9±111.9 MPa. Chondrocyte death started at the articular surface and increased in depth to a maximum of 6% (70 μm) of the cartilage thickness at the highest stress. We found that the volumetric (axial) strain was more than twice the amount of water loss at the highest peak stress. Furthermore, specimens impacted such that the interstitial water was forced through the deep zone (DZ) had less water loss, a higher DIM, and no cell death. These findings appear to be due to matrix compaction in the superficial region causing higher compressive strains to occur at the surface rather than in the deeper zones.

scholarly journals Curcumin reduces prostaglandin E2, matrix metalloproteinase-3 and proteoglycan release in the secretome of interleukin 1β-treated articular cartilage

F1000Research ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abigail L Clutterbuck ◽  
David Allaway ◽  
Pat Harris ◽  
Ali Mobasheri
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteinase ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Primary Cultures ◽  
Cartilage Explants ◽  
Prostaglandin E ◽  
Primary Chondrocytes ◽  
Chondrocyte Death ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Objective: Curcumin (diferuloylmethane) is a phytochemical with potent anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties, and has therapeutic potential for the treatment of a range of inflammatory diseases, including osteoarthritis (OA). The aim of this study was to determine whether non-toxic concentrations of curcumin can reduce interleukin-1beta (IL-1β)-stimulated inflammation and catabolism in an explant model of cartilage inflammation.Methods: Articular cartilage explants and primary chondrocytes were obtained from equine metacarpophalangeal joints. Curcumin was added to monolayer cultured primary chondrocytes and cartilage explants in concentrations ranging from 3μM-100μM. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-3 release into the secretome of IL-1β-stimulated explants was measured using a competitive ELISA and western blotting respectively. Proteoglycan (PG) release in the secretome was measured using the 1,9-dimethylmethylene blue (DMMB) assay. Cytotoxicity was assessed with a live/dead assay in monolayer cultures after 24 hours, 48 hours and five days, and in explants after five days.Results: Curcumin induced chondrocyte death in primary cultures (50μM p<0.001 and 100μM p<0.001) after 24 hours. After 48 hours and five days, curcumin (≥25μM) significantly increased cell death (p<0.001 both time points). In explants, curcumin toxicity was not observed at concentrations up to and including 25μM after five days. Curcumin (≥3μM) significantly reduced IL-1β-stimulated PG (p<0.05) and PGE2 release (p<0.001) from explants, whilst curcumin (≥12μM) significantly reduced MMP-3 release (p<0.01).Conclusion: Non-cytotoxic concentrations of curcumin exert anti-catabolic and anti-inflammatory effects in cartilage explants.

scholarly journals Curcumin reduces prostaglandin E2, matrix metalloproteinase-3 and proteoglycan release in the secretome of interleukin 1β-treated articular cartilage

F1000Research ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abigail L Clutterbuck ◽  
David Allaway ◽  
Pat Harris ◽  
Ali Mobasheri
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteinase ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Primary Cultures ◽  
Cartilage Explants ◽  
Prostaglandin E ◽  
Primary Chondrocytes ◽  
Chondrocyte Death ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Objective: Curcumin (diferuloylmethane) is a phytochemical with potent anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties, and has therapeutic potential for the treatment of a range of inflammatory diseases, including osteoarthritis (OA). The aim of this study was to determine whether non-toxic concentrations of curcumin can reduce interleukin-1beta (IL-1β)-stimulated inflammation and catabolism in an explant model of cartilage inflammation.Methods: Articular cartilage explants and primary chondrocytes were obtained from equine metacarpophalangeal joints. Curcumin was added to monolayer cultured primary chondrocytes and cartilage explants in concentrations ranging from 3μM-100μM. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-3 release into the secretome of IL-1β-stimulated explants was measured using a competitive ELISA and western blotting respectively. Proteoglycan (PG) release in the secretome was measured using the 1,9-dimethylmethylene blue (DMMB) assay. Cytotoxicity was assessed with a live/dead assay in monolayer cultures after 24 hours, 48 hours and five days, and in explants after five days.Results: Curcumin induced chondrocyte death in primary cultures (50μM p<0.001 and 100μM p<0.001) after 24 hours. After 48 hours and five days, curcumin (≥25μM) significantly increased cell death (p<0.001 both time points). In explants, curcumin toxicity was not observed at concentrations up to and including 25μM after five days. Curcumin (≥3μM) significantly reduced IL-1β-stimulated PG (p<0.05) and PGE2 release (p<0.001) from explants, whilst curcumin (≥12μM) significantly reduced MMP-3 release (p<0.01).Conclusion: Non-cytotoxic concentrations of curcumin exert anti-catabolic and anti-inflammatory effects in cartilage explants.

scholarly journals Modulation of aggrecan and link-protein synthesis in articular cartilage

1992 ◽  
Vol 288 (3) ◽  
pp. 721-726 ◽  
Author(s):  
A J Curtis ◽  
R J Devenish ◽  
C J Handley
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Half Life ◽  
Core Protein ◽  
Calf Serum ◽  
Cartilage Explants ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Link Protein ◽  
The Core ◽  
Explant Cultures ◽  
Igf I

The addition of serum or insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) to the medium of explant cultures of bovine articular cartilage is known to stimulate the synthesis of aggrecan in a dose-dependent manner. The half-life of the pool of proteoglycan core protein was measured in adult articular cartilage cultured for 6 days in the presence and absence of 20 ng of IGF-I/ml and shown to be 24 min under both sets of conditions. The half-life of the mRNA pool coding for aggrecan was also determined and shown to be approx. 4 h in cartilage maintained in culture with or without IGF-I. The pool size of mRNA coding for aggrecan core protein increased 5-6-fold in cartilage explants maintained in culture in medium containing 20% (v/v) fetal-calf serum; however, in tissue maintained with medium containing IGF-I there was no increase in the cellular levels of this mRNA. This suggests that aggrecan synthesis is stimulated by IGF-I at the level of translation of mRNA coding for the core protein of this proteoglycan and that other growth factors are present in serum that stimulate aggrecan synthesis at the level of transcription of the core-protein gene. Inclusion of serum or IGF-I in the medium of cartilage explant cultures induced increases in the amounts of mRNA coding for type II collagen and link protein, whereas only serum enhanced the amount of mRNA for the core protein of decorin.

Stromelysin Activity in Canine Cranial Cruciate Ligament Rupture

1999 ◽  
Vol 12 (04) ◽  
pp. 159-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadja Sigrist ◽  
A. Busato ◽  
Brigitte von Rechenberg ◽  
P. Schawalder ◽  
D. Spreng
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Synovial Membrane ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Cartilage Explants ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Cranial Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Ligament Rupture ◽  
Cruciate Ligament Rupture ◽  
Explant Cultures ◽  
Cranial Cruciate Ligament Rupture

SummaryThe goal of our study was to compare values of stromelysin activity in stifle joint tissues, from dogs with osteoarthritis, secondary to naturally acquired cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) rupture and from a control population.Twenty four dogs (CCL group) with osteoarthritis (OA), secondary to CCL rupture, were evaluated. The control groups consisted of 22 beagles (control #1) and 14 dogs (control #2) without CCL rupture. Articular cartilage, synovial membrane and CCL tissue specimens were harvested during operations in the CCL group and immediately following euthanasia in the control groups. The specimens were submitted for routine histology and for explant tissue cultures.Stromelysin activity was measured in the supernatant of explanted cultures. The results of stromelysin concentrations were reported as mean ± STD and compared to histological cartilage degeneration, synovial membrane inflammation and ligament changes. Stromelysin activity in cartilage explants of the CCL group (70 ± 82.5 U/g) was significantly higher when compared to the control #1 (4.2 ± 6.3 U/g) and control #2 (15 ±10 U/g) groups. The synovial membrane explant cultures of the CCL group produced less stromelysin compared to the control group. Whereas ligament cultures showed a tendency toward higher activity of stromelysin when compared to the control groups. An association between the severity of histological OA changes in the cartilage and stromelysin activity in cartilage explants was demonstrated. We conclude that dogs with OA, secondary to naturally acquired CCL rupture, release higher stromelysin levels in articular cartilage and cranial cruciate ligament explant cultures when compared to the controls. Our results indicate that stromelysin production in articular cartilage is related to the severity of OA.Stromelysin, one of the major metalloproteinases degrades articular cartilage mainly by cleavage of proteoglycans. Increased levels of stromelysin could be demonstrated in cartilage of stifle joints from dogs with naturally acquired cranial cruciate ligament rupture using a radioimmunoassay. There was an indication in this study that the activity of stromelysin is associated with the severity of osteoarthritic changes.Presented in part at the European College of Veterinary Surgeons Annual Scientific Meeting, Pörtschach-Austria, June 1998.

scholarly journals Large number tracking of depth and mechanics dependent calcium signaling in chondrocytes of articular cartilage

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. S201-S202
Author(s):  
J. Zheng ◽  
T. Wyse Jackson ◽  
L.A. Fortier ◽  
L.J. Bonassar ◽  
M.L. Delco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Calcium Signaling
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