A microscope on vertebrate form and function: The power of finite element analysis

2005 ◽  
Vol 283A (2) ◽  
pp. 251-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey T. Laitman
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
And Function

scholarly journals Evaluation of Stress Patterns in Bone Around Implants for Different Abutment Angulations Under Axial and Oblique Loading in Anterior Maxillary Region—A Finite Element Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (02) ◽  
pp. 60-64
Author(s):  
Isha Badalia ◽  
Manjit Kumar ◽  
Ajay Bansal ◽  
Salil Mehra ◽  
Ritu Batra
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Natural Form ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Bone Width ◽  
Age Related ◽  
And Function

Abstract Introduction Replacing missing anterior teeth with a prosthesis that resembles natural form and function has always been challenging for a prosthodontist. Removable and fixed options both have been extensively studied and researched upon. In modern dentistry, implants have proved to be a more logical option for the same. The morphology of bone present in the premaxilla serves as guide to plan implant angulation during osteotomy. Factors such as age-related bone resorption, trauma or pathologic bone resorption due to periodontitis, etc. causes implants to be placed at angles that are difficult to restore with conventional straight abutments. Angled abutments can help build up favorable functional prosthesis in such cases, but they experience the drawback of transferring unfavorable forces to the implant or bone, thereby compromising the prognosis of the treatment. Clinically, the effect of these forces is difficult to evaluate, so a finite element analysis was done to estimate stress distribution at the bone implant interface. Materials and Methods In this study, premaxilla was modeled with 15 mm in bone height, 7 mm in bone length, and 12 mm in bone width with 1.5 mm thick cortical bone surrounded by a core of cancellous bone. The implant was modeled as a cylindrical, round-ended device with dimensions, 4.3 mm × 11.5 mm. Abutments with angulations 0°, 10°, 15° and 25° were used. To simulate clinical conditions, a 100 N load axially and 30 N load obliquely was applied. Result It was seen that, as the abutment angulation changes from 0° to 25°, both the compressive as well as tensile stresses increased; however, they were within the tolerance limit of the bone. Conclusion The study suggests angled abutments can be used with reasonable success, keeping in mind the basics of implant prosthodontics intact.

Finite Element Analysis and Structural Optimization of Mine Man-Car Skip Underframe

2013 ◽  
Vol 842 ◽  
pp. 591-595
Author(s):  
Yie Yie Zhang ◽  
Ling Qiong Kong ◽  
Jie Shi
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Modal Analysis ◽  
Dynamic Performance ◽  
Modal Shape ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Section Size ◽  
Mine Slope ◽  
Hoisting System ◽  
And Function

Mine man-car skip underframe is one of key components of mine hoisting system, in order to obtain the optimal structure and function characteristics, the finite element analysis method based on ANSYS is used to make static and modal analysis for the mine slope ramp man-car skip underframe. Static analysis shows that: The strength of underframe under typical working conditions meets requirements, but the stress surplus is relatively large. Modal analysis indicates that: It's prone to have bend and torsional deflection between the 4th and 5th beam, and the free modal shape has saltation. According to the above finite element analysis results, corresponding structure optimization is made on the underframe section size and the position of beams. The optimizing results show that: The stress amplitude of structural optimized underframe increases by 16.9%, the stress surplus effectively reduces, and the weight of underframe decreases by 10.6%. The free modal shape is more smooth, vibration mode has no saltation, and the dynamic performance is improved.

scholarly journals Tooth-shape adaptations in aglyphous colubrid snakes inferred from three-dimensional geometric morphometrics and finite element analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahdi Rajabizadeh ◽  
Sam Van Wassenbergh ◽  
Christophe Mallet ◽  
Martin Rücklin ◽  
Anthony Herrel
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Geometric Morphometrics ◽  
Yield Criterion ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Tooth Shape ◽  
Von Mises ◽  
And Function

Abstract To date there are few quantitative studies investigating the evolution of tooth shape and function in aglyphous snakes in relation to diet. A considerable evolutionary decrease in body size is observed in whip snakes of the genus Dolichophis and their sister-group Eirenis. This was coupled with a considerable shift in diet from a regime consisting mainly of prey with endoskeleton to prey bearing a hard exoskeleton. Three-dimensional (3D) geometric morphometrics revealed that the maxillary and palatine teeth of E. persicus are blunt and conical in shape, while the same teeth are sharp and elongated in E. punctatolineatus and D. schmidti. Blunt and conically shaped teeth, as observed in E. persicus, seem to be more adapted for biting hard-bodied, arthropod prey. In contrast, the sharp and elongated teeth in Dolichophis and E. punctatolineatus, are likely specialized for puncturing prey with an endoskeleton. The results of a finite element analysis confirms that during the biting of a hard-bodied prey, the generated stresses in E. persicus teeth are well below the von Mises yield criterion, while in D. schmidti the value is roughly two to three times higher, indicating that E. persicus teeth are better suited for biting hard-bodied prey such as arthropods.

scholarly journals Scaling of form and function in the xenarthran femur: a 100-fold increase in body mass is mitigated by repositioning of the third trochanter

2012 ◽  
Vol 279 (1742) ◽  
pp. 3449-3456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nick Milne ◽  
Paul O'Higgins
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Coronal Plane ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Geometric Morphometric ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
The Third ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Muscle Loading ◽  
And Function

How animals cope with increases in body size is a key issue in biology. Here, we consider scaling of xenarthrans, particularly how femoral form and function varies to accommodate the size range between the 3 kg armadillo and its giant relative the 300 kg glyptodont. It has already been noted that femoral morphology differs between these animals and suggested that this reflects a novel adaptation to size increase in glyptodont. We test this idea by applying a finite element analysis of coronal plane forces to femoral models of these animals, simulating the stance phase in the hind limb; where the femur is subject to bending owing to longitudinal compressive as well as abduction loads on the greater trochanter. We use these models to examine the hypothesis that muscles attaching on the third trochanter (T3) can reduce this bending in the loaded femur and that the T3 forces are more effective at reducing bending in glyptodont where the T3 is situated at the level of the knee. The analysis uses traditional finite element methods to produce strain maps and examine strains at 200 points on the femur. The coordinates of these points before and after loading are also used to carry out geometric morphometric (GM) analyses of the gross deformation of the model in different loading scenarios. The results show that longitudinal compressive and abductor muscle loading increases bending in the coronal plane, and that loads applied to the T3 reduce that bending. In the glyptodont model, the T3 loads are more effective and can more readily compensate for the bending owing to longitudinal and abductor loads. This study also demonstrates the usefulness of GM methods in interpreting the results of finite element analyses.

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