Standing on the shoulders of apes: Analyzing the form and function of the hominoid scapula using geometric morphometrics and finite element analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 159 (2) ◽  
pp. 325-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas A. Püschel ◽  
William I. Sellers
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Geometric Morphometrics ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
And Function

scholarly journals Evaluation of Stress Patterns in Bone Around Implants for Different Abutment Angulations Under Axial and Oblique Loading in Anterior Maxillary Region—A Finite Element Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (02) ◽  
pp. 60-64
Author(s):  
Isha Badalia ◽  
Manjit Kumar ◽  
Ajay Bansal ◽  
Salil Mehra ◽  
Ritu Batra
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Natural Form ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Bone Width ◽  
Age Related ◽  
And Function

Abstract Introduction Replacing missing anterior teeth with a prosthesis that resembles natural form and function has always been challenging for a prosthodontist. Removable and fixed options both have been extensively studied and researched upon. In modern dentistry, implants have proved to be a more logical option for the same. The morphology of bone present in the premaxilla serves as guide to plan implant angulation during osteotomy. Factors such as age-related bone resorption, trauma or pathologic bone resorption due to periodontitis, etc. causes implants to be placed at angles that are difficult to restore with conventional straight abutments. Angled abutments can help build up favorable functional prosthesis in such cases, but they experience the drawback of transferring unfavorable forces to the implant or bone, thereby compromising the prognosis of the treatment. Clinically, the effect of these forces is difficult to evaluate, so a finite element analysis was done to estimate stress distribution at the bone implant interface. Materials and Methods In this study, premaxilla was modeled with 15 mm in bone height, 7 mm in bone length, and 12 mm in bone width with 1.5 mm thick cortical bone surrounded by a core of cancellous bone. The implant was modeled as a cylindrical, round-ended device with dimensions, 4.3 mm × 11.5 mm. Abutments with angulations 0°, 10°, 15° and 25° were used. To simulate clinical conditions, a 100 N load axially and 30 N load obliquely was applied. Result It was seen that, as the abutment angulation changes from 0° to 25°, both the compressive as well as tensile stresses increased; however, they were within the tolerance limit of the bone. Conclusion The study suggests angled abutments can be used with reasonable success, keeping in mind the basics of implant prosthodontics intact.

scholarly journals Tooth-shape adaptations in aglyphous colubrid snakes inferred from three-dimensional geometric morphometrics and finite element analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahdi Rajabizadeh ◽  
Sam Van Wassenbergh ◽  
Christophe Mallet ◽  
Martin Rücklin ◽  
Anthony Herrel
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Geometric Morphometrics ◽  
Yield Criterion ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Tooth Shape ◽  
Von Mises ◽  
And Function

Abstract To date there are few quantitative studies investigating the evolution of tooth shape and function in aglyphous snakes in relation to diet. A considerable evolutionary decrease in body size is observed in whip snakes of the genus Dolichophis and their sister-group Eirenis. This was coupled with a considerable shift in diet from a regime consisting mainly of prey with endoskeleton to prey bearing a hard exoskeleton. Three-dimensional (3D) geometric morphometrics revealed that the maxillary and palatine teeth of E. persicus are blunt and conical in shape, while the same teeth are sharp and elongated in E. punctatolineatus and D. schmidti. Blunt and conically shaped teeth, as observed in E. persicus, seem to be more adapted for biting hard-bodied, arthropod prey. In contrast, the sharp and elongated teeth in Dolichophis and E. punctatolineatus, are likely specialized for puncturing prey with an endoskeleton. The results of a finite element analysis confirms that during the biting of a hard-bodied prey, the generated stresses in E. persicus teeth are well below the von Mises yield criterion, while in D. schmidti the value is roughly two to three times higher, indicating that E. persicus teeth are better suited for biting hard-bodied prey such as arthropods.

Modeling the effect of brain growth on cranial bones using finite-element analysis and geometric morphometrics

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (7) ◽  
pp. 741-748
Author(s):  
Jimena Barbeito-Andrés ◽  
Noelia Bonfili ◽  
Jordi Marcé Nogué ◽  
Valeria Bernal ◽  
Paula N. Gonzalez
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Geometric Morphometrics ◽  
Brain Growth ◽  
Element Analysis

scholarly journals Combining geometric morphometrics and finite element analysis with evolutionary modeling: towards a synthesis

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. e1111225 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. David Polly ◽  
C. Tristan Stayton ◽  
Elizabeth R. Dumont ◽  
Stephanie E. Pierce ◽  
Emily J. Rayfield ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Geometric Morphometrics ◽  
Evolutionary Modeling ◽  
Element Analysis

scholarly journals Tooth Shape Adaptations in Aglyphous Colubrid Snakes Inferred from 3D Geometric Morphometrics and Finite Element Analysis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahdi Rajabizadeh ◽  
Sam Van Wassenbergh ◽  
Christophe Mallet ◽  
Martin Rücklin ◽  
Anthony Herrel
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Geometric Morphometrics ◽  
Yield Criterion ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Tooth Shape ◽  
3D Geometric Morphometrics ◽  
Von Mises Yield Criterion ◽  
Von Mises

AbstractTo date there are few detailed and quantitative studies investigating the evolution of the tooth shape and function in Aglyphous snakes in relation to diet. To study dental adaptations to diet, a lineage that is of particular interest due to its large range of adult body sizes, is the one including dwarfed snakes of the genus Eirenis and their immediate sister group, whip snakes of the genus Dolichophis. A considerable evolutionary decrease in the size is observed from a Dolichophis-like ancestor to the miniature Eirenis, coupled with a considerable shift in their diet from a regime consisting mainly of endotherms with endoskeleton to ectotherms bearing a hard exoskeleton. Maxilla, palatine, pterygoid and dentary teeth were examined in an adult and a juvenile of Dolichophis schmidti, one Eirenis punctolineatus and one Eirenis persicus. 3D Geometric Morphometrics comparison revealed maxilla and palatine teeth of the E. persicus are blunt and conical shape while those teeth are sharp and elongated in E. punctatolineatus as well as the adult and juvenile D. schmidti. A similar difference could be noted for the pterygoid teeth. In contrast, the dentary teeth are not as different among the examined snakes. Blunt and conically shaped teeth, as observed in E. persicus, seem to be more adapted for biting hard bodied, arthropod prey, while sharp and elongated teeth in Dolichophis and E. punctatolineatus, are specialized for puncturing endotherm prey. The results of a finite element analysis confirms that during biting a hard bodied prey, the generated stresses in E. persicus tooth is mostly confined to the tip of the tooth and mostly well below the von Mises yield criterion the tooth. In contrary, D. schmidti tooth appears less well suited for biting a hard prey since the generated stresses widely distribute across the tooth with values roughly 2 to 3 times higher than the von Mises yield criterion of the tooth. A lower degree of specialization that was observed among the dentary teeth in the examined snakes suggest a similar functional constraint in pushing the prey against the upper tooth rows.

Finite Element Analysis and Structural Optimization of Mine Man-Car Skip Underframe

2013 ◽  
Vol 842 ◽  
pp. 591-595
Author(s):  
Yie Yie Zhang ◽  
Ling Qiong Kong ◽  
Jie Shi
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Modal Analysis ◽  
Dynamic Performance ◽  
Modal Shape ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Section Size ◽  
Mine Slope ◽  
Hoisting System ◽  
And Function

Mine man-car skip underframe is one of key components of mine hoisting system, in order to obtain the optimal structure and function characteristics, the finite element analysis method based on ANSYS is used to make static and modal analysis for the mine slope ramp man-car skip underframe. Static analysis shows that: The strength of underframe under typical working conditions meets requirements, but the stress surplus is relatively large. Modal analysis indicates that: It's prone to have bend and torsional deflection between the 4th and 5th beam, and the free modal shape has saltation. According to the above finite element analysis results, corresponding structure optimization is made on the underframe section size and the position of beams. The optimizing results show that: The stress amplitude of structural optimized underframe increases by 16.9%, the stress surplus effectively reduces, and the weight of underframe decreases by 10.6%. The free modal shape is more smooth, vibration mode has no saltation, and the dynamic performance is improved.

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