scholarly journals Changes in Triacylglycerol-Accumulated Fiber Type, Fiber Type Composition, and Biogenesis in the Mitochondria of the Soleus Muscle in Obese Rats

2011 ◽  
Vol 294 (11) ◽  
pp. 1904-1912 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syuhei Kaneko ◽  
Ryo-Hei Iida ◽  
Takeo Suga ◽  
Tadayoshi Fukui ◽  
Mitsuhiko Morito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soleus Muscle ◽  
Fiber Type ◽  
Fiber Type Composition ◽  
Type Composition ◽  
Obese Rats ◽  
Type Fiber

Intermittent cold exposure causes a muscle-specific shift in the fiber type composition in rats

1993 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 264-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. J. Walters ◽  
S. H. Constable
Keyword(s):  
Soleus Muscle ◽  
Cold Exposure ◽  
Citrate Synthase ◽  
Fiber Type ◽  
Type I ◽  
Fiber Type Composition ◽  
Type Composition ◽  
Edl Muscle ◽  
Type I Fibers

We examined the effect of long-term intermittent cold exposure on the fiber type composition of the predominantly type I soleus and the predominantly type IIb extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles of rats. Cold exposure was accomplished by submerging the rats in shoulder-deep water, maintained at 20 +/- 0.5 degrees C, for 1 h/day, 5 days/wk, for < or = 19 wk. The efficacy of the treatment was tested by subjecting both groups to 20 degrees C water for 45 min while rectal temperature (Tre) and O2 consumption (VO2) were measured. The cold-exposed group displayed a 22% smaller reduction in Tre (P < 0.05) at the end of the exposure and 23% greater VO2 (P < 0.05) during the same period. Fiber type composition was determined using routine histochemical methods for myosin-adenosinetriphosphatase. In the soleus muscle of the cold-exposed rats, the number of type IIa fibers increased 156% (P < 0.05) and the number of type I fibers decreased 24% (P < 0.05). Cold exposure had no significant influence on the fiber type composition of the EDL muscle. Cold exposure resulted in an increase in citrate synthase activity of 20 and 22% in the soleus and EDL muscles, respectively (P < 0.05). The present study demonstrates that intermittent cold exposure induces a type I-to-type IIa transformation in the soleus muscle while having no influence on the EDL muscle.

Fiber type composition and enzyme activities of muscles in two models of obese rats

1993 ◽  
Vol 106 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoine Pujol ◽  
Louis Lefaucheur ◽  
Patrick Ecolan ◽  
Luc Picon ◽  
Luc Penicaud
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Fiber Type ◽  
Fiber Type Composition ◽  
Type Composition ◽  
Obese Rats

scholarly journals Individual, age and sex differences in fiber type composition of slow and fast muscles of adult Lewis rats: comparison with other rat strains

2010 ◽  
pp. 783-801
Author(s):  
P Novák ◽  
G Zachařová ◽  
T Soukup
Keyword(s):  
Soleus Muscle ◽  
Fiber Type ◽  
Rat Strains ◽  
Lewis Rats ◽  
Fiber Type Composition ◽  
Type Composition ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Slow Type ◽  
Edl Muscle

We analyzed fiber type composition of soleus and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles of 3- to 19-month-old male and female inbred Lewis rats using histochemical demonstration of mATPase activity. The rats were divided into four groups of the mean age of 3, 6, 9 and 14 months. We found that the soleus muscle of 3-month-old rats contained significantly more of fast 2A fibers and less of slow type 1 fibers compared to older rats, while no significant difference was found between female and male rats at any age group. In contrast, we found no significant difference in the EDL fiber type composition among the age groups, but we found that the EDL muscle of female rats contained significantly less 2A fibers and more 2B fibers than that of male animals. Our results thus revealed an age difference in the soleus muscle and a sex difference in the EDL muscle among postnatal Lewis rats. The number of slow type 1 fibers in the soleus muscle varied between 87 and 100 % and that of 2A fibers between 13 and 0 %. In the EDL the percentage of type 1 fibers varied between 2.6 and 8.7 %, that of 2A fibers between 12.6 and 25.8 % and that of 2B fibers between 70.4 and 81.6 %. Both muscles thus exhibited a considerable degree of variability among individual animals even in the same age group. Furthermore, a comparison of the Lewis rats with literature data of other rat strains showed that the number of fast 2A fibers in the soleus muscle of 4-month-old and older animals decreased in this order: SHR > Lister Hooded > Fisher 344 > SpragueDawley > Wistar > WBN/Kob > Lewis strain, being almost 20 % in the SHR and less than 2 % in the Lewis rats. In contrast, the “fastest” composition (judged according to the percentage of the fastest 2B fibers) of the EDL muscle was demonstrated by Lewis, Wistar and Fisher 344 rats (about 75 %), while Sprague-Dawley and WBN/Kob rats contained only about 50 % of 2B fibers. The percentage of slow type 1 fibers in the EDL was low in all strains (about 5 %). Our results thus show that the individual, age and sex as well as inter-strain differences in muscle fiber type composition should not be ignored when comparing results of different studies. We also demonstrated that the inbred Lewis strain appears to have more “specialized” muscle composition, as its soleus is the “slowest” and its EDL is the “fastest” among the routinely used rat strains.

Regulation of carbonic anhydrase III by thyroid hormone: opposite modulation in slow- and fast-twitch skeletal muscle

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (9) ◽  
pp. 790-797 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Frémont ◽  
Claude Lazure ◽  
Roland R. Tremblay ◽  
Michel Chrétien ◽  
Peter A. Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Carbonic Anhydrase ◽  
Soleus Muscle ◽  
Fiber Type ◽  
Type I ◽  
Fiber Type Composition ◽  
Carbonic Anhydrase Iii ◽  
Type Composition ◽  
Slow Twitch

This laboratory previously reported that a major 30 kilodalton (kDa) protein of the soluble cytoplasmic fraction of the rat slow-twitch soleus muscle is modulated by thyroid hormone. This protein has been purified and a portion of the primary structure has been determined. The sequence analysis suggested that the 30-kDa protein is carbonic anhydrase III (CA III; EC 4.2.1.1). The reaction of the protein with a CA III specific antibody and the similar modulation of CA III by thyroid hormone also support this conclusion. Immunochemical quantification of CA III and measurement of CA activity were performed in skeletal muscles of defined fiber-type composition from rats that were rendered hyperthyroid by treatment with 3,3′,5-triiodo-L-thyronine. These experiments revealed that CA activity and CA III content are deinduced in the soleus muscle (primarily type I fibers) and induced in the superficial vastus lateralis muscle (primarily type IIb), whereas no changes were detected in the tibialis anterior muscle (primary type IIa). These results show that the modulation of CA III by thyroid hormone in rat skeletal muscle is not limited to the slow-twitch soleus muscle and that the amplitude and direction of this modulation are directly related to the initial fiber-type composition of the skeletal muscle.

Fiber type composition of four hindlimb muscles of adult Fisher 344 rats

1999 ◽  
Vol 111 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert S. Staron ◽  
William J. Kraemer ◽  
Robert S. Hikida ◽  
Andy C. Fry ◽  
Jerry D. Murray ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Type ◽  
Fiber Type Composition ◽  
Hindlimb Muscles ◽  
Type Composition

Myostatin regulates fiber-type composition of skeletal muscle by regulating MEF2 and MyoD gene expression

2009 ◽  
Vol 296 (3) ◽  
pp. C525-C534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Hennebry ◽  
Carole Berry ◽  
Victoria Siriett ◽  
Paul O'Callaghan ◽  
Linda Chau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Fiber Type ◽  
Fiber Formation ◽  
Type I ◽  
Mobility Shift ◽  
Enhancer Activity ◽  
Fiber Type Composition ◽  
Nuclear Extracts ◽  
Type Composition

Myostatin (Mstn) is a secreted growth factor belonging to the tranforming growth factor (TGF)-β superfamily. Inactivation of murine Mstn by gene targeting, or natural mutation of bovine or human Mstn, induces the double muscling (DM) phenotype. In DM cattle, Mstn deficiency increases fast glycolytic (type IIB) fiber formation in the biceps femoris (BF) muscle. Using Mstn null (−/−) mice, we suggest a possible mechanism behind Mstn-mediated fiber-type diversity. Histological analysis revealed increased type IIB fibers with a concomitant decrease in type IIA and type I fibers in the Mstn−/−tibialis anterior and BF muscle. Functional electrical stimulation of Mstn−/−BF revealed increased fatigue susceptibility, supporting increased type IIB fiber content. Given the role of myocyte enhancer factor 2 (MEF2) in oxidative type I fiber formation, MEF2 levels in Mstn−/−tissue were quantified. Results revealed reduced MEF2C protein in Mstn−/−muscle and myoblast nuclear extracts. Reduced MEF2-DNA complex was also observed in electrophoretic mobility-shift assay using Mstn−/−nuclear extracts. Furthermore, reduced expression of MEF2 downstream target genes MLC1F and calcineurin were found in Mstn−/−muscle. Conversely, Mstn addition was sufficient to directly upregulate MLC promoter-enhancer activity in cultured myoblasts. Since high MyoD levels are seen in fast fibers, we analyzed MyoD levels in the muscle. In contrast to MEF2C, MyoD levels were increased in Mstn−/−muscle. Together, these results suggest that while Mstn positively regulates MEF2C levels, it negatively regulates MyoD expression in muscle. We propose that Mstn could regulate fiber-type composition by regulating the expression of MEF2C and MyoD during myogenesis.

Fast-to-slow shift of muscle fiber-type composition by dietary apple polyphenols in rats: Impact of the low-dose supplementation

2016 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 489-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wataru Mizunoya ◽  
Shinpei Okamoto ◽  
Hideo Miyahara ◽  
Mariko Akahoshi ◽  
Takahiro Suzuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Fiber ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Fiber Type ◽  
Muscle Fiber Type ◽  
Fiber Type Composition ◽  
Type Composition ◽  
Muscle Fiber Type Composition

Relationship of Fiber Type Composition to Marbling and Tenderness of Bovine Muscle

1981 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 708-710 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. R. CALKINS ◽  
T. R. DUTSON ◽  
G. C. SMITH ◽  
Z. L. CARPENTER ◽  
G. W. DAVIS
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Type ◽  
Bovine Muscle ◽  
Fiber Type Composition ◽  
Type Composition ◽  
Relationship Of
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