scholarly journals Distribution of Nitrergic Neurons in the Dorsal Root Ganglia of the Bottlenose Dolphin (Tursiops truncatus)

2011 ◽  
Vol 294 (6) ◽  
pp. 1066-1073 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristiano Bombardi ◽  
Bruno Cozzi ◽  
Alice Nenzi ◽  
Sandro Mazzariol ◽  
Annamaria Grandis
Keyword(s):  
Dorsal Root Ganglia ◽  
Bottlenose Dolphin ◽  
Dorsal Root ◽  
Tursiops Truncatus

Membrane-associated microtubular areays induced in proximal myelinated processes of dorsal root ganglia by large doses of vitamin B6

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 368-369
Author(s):  
V.J. Montpetit ◽  
S. Dancea ◽  
L. Tryphonas ◽  
D.F. Clapin
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Dorsal Root Ganglia ◽  
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Dorsal Root ◽  
Vitamin B6 ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Model System ◽  
Sensory Nerves ◽  
Peripheral Sensory

Very large doses of pyridoxine (vitamin B6) are neurotoxic in humans, selectively affecting the peripheral sensory nerves. We have undertaken a study of the morphological and biochemical aspects of pyridoxine neurotoxicity in an animal model system. Early morphological changes in dorsal root ganglia (DRG) associated with pyridoxine megadoses include proliferation of neurofilaments, ribosomes, rough endoplasmic reticulum, and Golgi complexes. We present in this report evidence of the formation of unique aggregates of microtubules and membranes in the proximal processes of DRG which are induced by high levels of pyridoxine.

First Leucistic Bottlenose Dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) Sighting Registered in the Gulf of California, Mexico

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 507-512
Author(s):  
Héctor Pérez-Puig ◽  
Gisela Heckel ◽  
Lorayne Meltzer
Keyword(s):  
Bottlenose Dolphin ◽  
Tursiops Truncatus ◽  
Gulf Of California

Anatomical Description of an Infant Bottlenose Dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) Brain from Magnetic Resonance Images

2004 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 315-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lori Marino ◽  
Keith Sudheimer ◽  
D. Ann Pabst ◽  
William A. Mclellan ◽  
Saima Arshad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Bottlenose Dolphin ◽  
Tursiops Truncatus ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images

scholarly journals OP0083 DORSAL ROOT GANGLIA INFILTRATING MACROPHAGES MAINTAIN OSTEOARTHRITIS PAIN

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 55.2-56
Author(s):  
R. Raoof ◽  
C. Martin ◽  
H. De Visser ◽  
J. Prado ◽  
S. Versteeg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Dorsal Root Ganglia ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Dorsal Root ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Joint Damage ◽  
Osteoarthritis Pain ◽  
Knee Pathology ◽  
Femoral Condyles ◽  
Over Time

Background:Pain is a major debilitating symptom of knee osteoarthritis (OA). However, the extent of joint damage in OA does not correlate well with the severity of pain. The mechanisms that govern OA pain are poorly understood. Immune cells infiltrating nervous tissue may contribute to pain maintenance.Objectives:Here we investigated the role of macrophages in the initiation and maintenance of OA pain.Methods:Knee joint damage was induced by an unilateral injection of mono-iodoacetate (MIA) or after application of a groove at the femoral condyles of rats fed on high fat diet. Pain-like behaviors were followed over time using von Frey test and dynamic weight bearing. Joint damage was assessed by histology. Dorsal root ganglia (DRG) infiltrating immune cells were assessed over time using flow cytometry. To deplete monocytes and macrophages, Lysmcrex Csfr1-Stop-DTR were injected intrathecal or systemically with diptheria toxin (DT).Results:Intraarticular monoiodoacetate injection induced OA and signs of persistent pain, such as mechanical hyperalgesia and deficits in weight bearing. The persisting pain-like behaviors were associated with accumulation of F4/80+macrophages with an M1-like phenotype in the lumbar DRG appearing from 1 week after MIA injection, and that persisted till at least 4 weeks after MIA injection. Macrophages infiltrated DRG were also observed in the rat groove model of OA, 12 weeks after application of a groove at the femoral condyles. Systemic or local depletion of DRG macrophages during established MIA-induced OA completely ablated signs of pain, without affecting MIA-induced knee pathology. Intriguingly when monocytes/macrophages were depleted prior to induction of osteoarthritis, pain-like behaviors still developed, however these pain-like behaviors did not persist over time.In vitro,sensory neurons innervating the affected OA joint programmed macrophages into a M1 phenotype. Local repolarization of M1-like DRG macrophages towards M2 by intrathecal injection of M2 macrophages or anti-inflammatory cytokines resolved persistent OA-induced pain.Conclusion:Overall we show that macrophages infiltrate the DRG after knee damage and acquire a M1-like phenotype and maintain pain independent of the lesions in the knee joint. DRG-infiltrating macrophages are not required for induction of OA pain. Reprogramming M1-like DRG-infiltrating macrophages may represent a potential strategy to treat OA pain.Acknowledgments:This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreements No 814244 and No 642720. Dutch Arthritis SocietyDisclosure of Interests:Ramin Raoof: None declared, Christian Martin: None declared, Huub de Visser: None declared, Judith Prado: None declared, Sabine Versteeg: None declared, Anne Heinemans: None declared, Simon Mastbergen: None declared, Floris Lafeber Shareholder of: Co-founder and shareholder of ArthroSave BV, Niels Eijkelkamp: None declared

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