Editorial: Introduced species challenges and opportunities for marine conservation ecology and management practices: Notes inspired by a recent MSC certification

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 522-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vassily A. Spiridonov
Keyword(s):  
Introduced Species ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Marine Conservation ◽  
Conservation Ecology ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities

scholarly journals Processes, Challenges and Optimisation of Rum Production from Molasses—A Contemporary Review

Fermentation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Tinashe Mangwanda ◽  
Joel B. Johnson ◽  
Janice S. Mani ◽  
Steve Jackson ◽  
Shaneel Chandra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Yeast Strains ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Production Industry ◽  
Stringent Quality

The rum industry is currently worth USD 16 billion, with production concentrated in tropical countries of the Caribbean and Asia-Pacific regions. The primary feedstock for rum production is sugar cane molasses, a by-product of sugar refineries. The main variables known to affect rum quality include the composition of the molasses, the length of fermentation, and the type of barrels and length of time used for aging the rum. The goal of this review is to provide an overview of the impact of these variables on rum quality, and to highlight current challenges and opportunities in the production of rum from molasses. In order to achieve this, we review the relevant contemporary scientific literature on these topics. The major contemporary challenges in the rum production industry include minimising the effects of variability in feedstock quality, ensuring the fermentation process runs to completion, preventing microbial contamination, and the selection and maintenance of yeast strains providing optimum ethanol production. Stringent quality management practices are required to ensure consistency in the quality and organoleptic properties of the rum from batch to batch. Further research is required to fully understand the influences of many of these variables on the final quality of the rum produced.

The distribution, zoogeography, and composition of Prince Edward Island Carabidae (Coleoptera)

2008 ◽  
Vol 140 (1) ◽  
pp. 128-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher G. Majka ◽  
Yves Bousquet ◽  
Christine Noronha ◽  
Mary E. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Introduced Species ◽  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Maritime Provinces ◽  
Cape Breton Island ◽  
History Of Collecting ◽  
Cape Breton ◽  
History Of ◽  
Faunal List

AbstractFourteen species of Carabidae are added to Prince Edward Island’s (P.E.I.) faunal list, bringing the known fauna to 167 species. Bembidion nitidum (Kirby) and Bembidion obtusum Audinet-Serville are newly recorded for the Maritime Provinces. Six species are removed from P.E.I.’s faunal list. The history of collecting of Carabidae on P.E.I. is briefly recounted. Despite differences in land area and distance from the mainland between P.E.I., Cape Breton Island, and insular Newfoundland, their carabid faunas exhibit many similarities in size and composition. The native carabid fauna of P.E.I. comprises 49% of the species in the combined Maritime Provinces fauna, perhaps reflecting an island-related diminution of species diversity. The proportion of flightless species on P.E.I. (4.9%) is less than that in the Maritime Provinces as a whole (7.1%), an apparent indication that the Northumberland Strait has been a barrier to colonization. Twenty-seven introduced species are found on P.E.I., 26 of which can be classified as synanthropic and may have originated in dry-ballast quarries in southwestern England. Although the earliest dates of detection of many introduced species on P.E.I. are substantially later than elsewhere in the Maritimes, this reflects the paucity of early collecting. Land-management practices on P.E.I. (large-scale and early forest clearances, intensive agriculture, and the extensive use of biocides) may have had an impact on P.E.I.’s carabid fauna.

A Review and Discussion on Modeling and Assessing Agricultural Best Management Practices under Global Climate Change

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongbo Liu ◽  
Wanhong Yang ◽  
Chengzhi Qin ◽  
Axing Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Climate Change ◽  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Spatiotemporal Pattern ◽  
Best Management ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Negative Impacts

<p>Understanding the impacts of global climate change on the spatiotemporal pattern of hydrologic cycle and water resources is of major importance in highly developed watersheds all over the world. These impacts are strongly dependent on related changes in intensity and frequency of extreme climate events. Implementation of Best Management Practices (BMPs) and policy approaches at watershed and regional scales is essential for mitigating their negative impacts on soil and water conservation, and sustainable economic development. However, the uncertainty of BMP effectiveness including increasing variability of future water supply and changing magnitudes of nonpoint source pollution has to be accounted for in watershed planning and management. This paper provides a review and discussion on the impacts of global climate change on BMP’s hydrologic performance, the current progress on hydrologic assessment of BMPs, as well as the existing problems and countermeasures. Research challenges and opportunities in the field of hydrologic assessment of BMPs under global climate change are also discussed in this paper.</p>

scholarly journals Prospects for community-based marine conservation in Nauru: Attitudes, policies & institutions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Margo Deiye
Keyword(s):  
Fisheries Management ◽  
Adaptive Learning ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Marine Conservation ◽  
Ecological Knowledge ◽  
Community Based ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Commons ◽  
Group Interviews ◽  
Gender Based

<p>This paper is about Nauru and its people, institutions, policies and in particular the communitybased fisheries management programme (CBFM). This study aims to identify those elements in the CBFM that makes it successful, where the institution endures overtime with a well-managed and thriving fisheries resource. This study explores the success criteria of community-based resource management.  The literature review covered broad and interdisciplinary literatures including the commons, comanagement, adaptive co-management and complex social-ecological systems in an attempt to identify some elements of success in community-based and co-management systems.  The study explores some of the current co-management practices and approaches in the Pacific region. A small number of Pacific fisheries experts and community-based practitioners were interviewed to share their views and experiences on lessons learnt and the implications of climate change for fisheries management in the region.  The study undertook a dwelling survey of 270 individuals and a gender-based focus group interviews in Nauru. This is to further investigate the willingness and capacity of the Nauruan people to participate in the CBFM while facing the poor economic conditions, the loss of traditional ecological knowledge and customary marine tenure, poor information about the state of marine resources, and limited opportunities for livelihood diversification.  An enabling environment is critical for development of such a framework, a functioning of institutions and having appropriate policies and legislation in place. Adaptive learning is important in successful a management framework. It can foster the development of an individual through social learning institutions within and between governments and communities and further promotes information sharing and awareness-raising.</p>

scholarly journals Co-Management as a Successful Strategy for Marine Conservation

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 491
Author(s):  
William Voorberg ◽  
Reinout Van der Veer
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Marine Protected Areas ◽  
Coral Bleaching ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Marine Conservation ◽  
Fish Populations ◽  
Marine Biodiversity ◽  
Combining Data ◽  
Governmental Support ◽  
Governmental Strategy

Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) are a primary tool for conserving marine biodiversity. The literature presents a scattered picture regarding the extent to which co-management can be considered valuable. In this study we examine, what conditions are for co-management to make a contribution to conserving marine ecosystems (e.g., stopping coral bleaching and safeguarding fish populations). By combining data on MPA management practices with a novel source of global biodata collected by citizens (ReefCheck), we demonstrate that if co-management is part of a formal governmental strategy, coral reefs show up to 86% fewer bleached colonies and up to 12.2 times larger fish populations than co-managed MPAs lacking formalized governmental support.

Challenges and Opportunities of Information Management in Disaster Preparedness

2021 ◽  
pp. 87-98
Author(s):  
Sherwin E. Ona ◽  
Emmanuel C. Lallana
Keyword(s):  
Information Management ◽  
Disaster Preparedness ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Information And Communications Technology ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Disaster Preparation ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Ict Tools

The need to improve local disaster risk reduction (DRR) capacities in the Philippines is crucial in mitigating and responding to future disaster events. Despite being one the most disaster-prone countries in the world, national protocols remain inefficient, marred by corruption and poor inter-agency coordination. In addition, the current top-down and reactive practices have proven to be inadequate in responding to the needs of various stakeholders. The chapter examined these disaster preparation practices through a qualitative-descriptive research design and by using disaster information management (DIM) as the framework. In particular, the authors focused on the disaster preparedness practices of selected parishes of the Diocese of Legazpi and their partner organizations. The study also examined their information management practices and the current information and communications technology (ICT) tools in disaster preparedness.

scholarly journals Marine conservation of multispecies and multi-use areas with various conservation objectives and targets

2014 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 851-862 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mara Schmiing ◽  
Hugo Diogo ◽  
Ricardo Serrão Santos ◽  
Pedro Afonso
Keyword(s):  
Site Selection ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Marine Reserve ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Habitat Type ◽  
Fishing Effort ◽  
Marine Conservation ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Multiple Use ◽  
Spatial Management

Abstract Marine spatial management is an important step in regulating the sustainable use of marine resources and preserving habitats and species. The systematic conservation planning software “Marxan” was used to analyse the effect of different conservation objectives and targets on the design of a network of marine protected areas around two islands of the Azores archipelago, Northeast Atlantic. The analyses integrated spatial patterns of the abundance and reproductive potential of multispecies, the vulnerability of fish to fishing, habitat type, algae biotopes, and socio-economic costs and benefits (including fishing effort and recreational activities). Three scenarios focused on fisheries-related objectives (“fisheries scenarios”, FSs) and three on multiple-use and biodiversity conservation objectives (“biodiversity scenarios”, BSs), respectively. Three different protection targets were compared for each set, the existing, minimum, and maximum levels of protection, whereas conservation features were weighted according to their biologically/ecologically functioning. Results provided contrasting solutions for site selection and identified potential gaps in the existing design. The influence of the conservation objective on site selection was most evident when minimum target levels were applied. Otherwise, solutions for FSs and BSs were very similar and mostly shaped by the protection level. More important, BSs that considered opportunity cost and benefits achieved conservation targets more cost-efficiently. The presented systematic approach ensures that targets for habitats with high fish abundance, fecundity, and vulnerability are achieved efficiently. It should be of high applicability for adaptive management processes to improve the effectiveness of existing spatial management practices, in particular when fishing and leisure activities coexist, and suggest that decision-makers should account for multiple users’ costs and benefits when designing and implementing marine reserve networks.

scholarly journals Responding to a Forest Catastrophe: The Emergence of New Governance Arrangements in Southern California

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Petersen ◽  
Adam M. Wellstead
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Bark Beetle ◽  
Southern California ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
New Governance ◽  
Mountain Area ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Landscape Scales ◽  
Management Priorities ◽  
Governance Arrangements

The San Bernardino National Forest in southern California experienced an unprecedented bark beetle outbreak in the early 2000s. The outbreak, coupled with a looming threat of catastrophic wildfire, droughts, changing forest management priorities, and a legacy of poor forest management practices coalesced to create a challenge that existing institutions and management agencies could not address. In response, an interagency collaborative effort, the Mountain Area Taskforce (MAST), was initiated. Based on key informant interviews, this paper details how this new governance organization emerged and how it effectively addressed a landscape scale forest challenge. Forest governance analyses often focus attention on macroscales, overlooking the microlevel arrangements that set MAST apart from other responses to bark beetle outbreaks. Interagency collaboration has taken on greater importance in efforts to address forest management at landscape scales and this case study provides important insights into the challenges and opportunities of these new governance arrangements.

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