Heads you win, tails you lose: Life-history traits predict invasion and extinction risk of the world's freshwater fishes

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 773-779 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunlong Liu ◽  
Lise Comte ◽  
Julian D. Olden
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Extinction Risk ◽  
Freshwater Fishes

scholarly journals Life-history traits and habitat availability shape genomic diversity in birds: implications for conservation

2021 ◽  
Vol 288 (1961) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Brüniche-Olsen ◽  
Kenneth F. Kellner ◽  
Jerrold L. Belant ◽  
J. Andrew DeWoody
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Extinction Risk ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Genomic Variation ◽  
Genomic Diversity ◽  
Whole Genome Sequence ◽  
Habitat Availability

More than 25% of species assessed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) are threatened with extinction. Understanding how environmental and biological processes have shaped genomic diversity may inform management practices. Using 68 extant avian species, we parsed the effects of habitat availability and life-history traits on genomic diversity over time to provide a baseline for conservation efforts. We used published whole-genome sequence data to estimate overall genomic diversity as indicated by historical long-term effective population sizes ( N e ) and current genomic variability ( H ), then used environmental niche modelling to estimate Pleistocene habitat dynamics for each species. We found that N e and H were positively correlated with habitat availability and related to key life-history traits (body mass and diet), suggesting the latter contribute to the overall genomic variation. We found that H decreased with increasing species extinction risk, suggesting that H may serve as a leading indicator of demographic trends related to formal IUCN conservation status in birds. Our analyses illustrate that genome-wide summary statistics estimated from sequence data reflect meaningful ecological attributes relevant to species conservation.

scholarly journals Can Invasiveness in Freshwater Fishes Be Predicted From Life-History Traits?

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon H. Copp ◽  
Michael G. Fox
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Freshwater Fishes ◽  
Lepomis Gibbosus ◽  
Catch Per Unit Effort ◽  
Black Bullhead ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Western Asia

We review a model we developed in 2007 to predict the invasion potential of an introduced population, based on the relationship between juvenile growth (mean total length at age 2) and mean age-at-maturity, and test the model with data from 75 non-native populations of pumpkinseed Lepomis gibbosus in nine countries of Europe and western Asia. The database used to construct the model was derived from a mix of primary and secondary data collected between 1981 and 2016. Based on number of specimens collected or catch-per-unit-effort data, and/or comments by the original authors, populations were classified a priori as “invasive” or “non-invasive.” The plot of the proposed model placed populations in three invasiveness categories (non-invasive, transitional, invasive). Of those predicted by the model to be invasive, only 57% were correct with regard to their a priori classification, a result that was not statistically significant. For populations predicted by the model to be non-invasive, 70% were correct with regard to their a priori classification when “transitional” were grouped with non-invasive (P = 0.0024), and 64% were correct when “transitional” were excluded from the test (P = 0.12). Applications of the model to two other non-native freshwater fishes (black bullhead Ameiurus melas and crucian carp Carassius carassius) are also discussed. The lack of stronger statistical support for the model may have been the result of using life-history traits from the populations after they were introduced, as the source populations were unknown, as well as to shortcomings in the dataset that could affect a priori and modeled classifications. We conclude that such life-history models can be useful for predicting invasiveness status in non-native freshwater fishes, though the basis of the predictions, statistical or heuristic, will depend on the size and quality of the underlying life-history database.

scholarly journals Life history traits and reproductive ecology of North American chorus frogs of the genus Pseudacris (Hylidae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey P. Ethier ◽  
Aurore Fayard ◽  
Peter Soroye ◽  
Daeun Choi ◽  
Marc J. Mazerolle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
North America ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Extinction Risk ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Reproductive Ecology ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Chorus Frogs ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Chorus Frog

AbstractAmphibian biodiversity is declining globally, with over 40% of species being considered threatened to become extinct. Crucial to the success of conservation initiatives are a comprehensive understanding of life history and reproductive ecology of target species. Here we provide an overview of the Pseudacris genus, including breeding behaviour, reproduction, development, survival and longevity. We present an updated distribution map of the 18 species found throughout North America. We also summarize the conservation status at the national and subnational (state, provincial, and territorial) levels, in Canada, USA, and Mexico, to evaluate the relationship between life history traits and extinction risk. Results show a high degree of consistency in the life history traits of Pseudacris species considering their relative diversity and wide distribution in North America. However, data are lacking for several species, particularly in the Fat Frog and West Coast clades, causing some uncertainties and discrepancies in the literature. We also found that the most threatened populations of chorus frog were located in the east coast of the USA, potentially as a result of increased levels of anthropogenic disturbance. We suggest that the similarities in life history traits among chorus frog species provides an opportunity for collaboration and united efforts for the conservation of the genus.

scholarly journals Life-history traits and extrinsic threats determine extinction risk in New Zealand lizards

2013 ◽  
Vol 165 ◽  
pp. 62-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reid Tingley ◽  
Rod A. Hitchmough ◽  
David G. Chapple
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Extinction Risk

scholarly journals Combined effects of life‐history traits and human impact on extinction risk of freshwater megafauna

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fengzhi He ◽  
Simone D. Langhans ◽  
Christiane Zarfl ◽  
Roland Wanke ◽  
Klement Tockner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Human Impact ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Extinction Risk ◽  
Combined Effects

scholarly journals A database of threat statuses and life-history traits of Red List species in Flanders (northern Belgium)

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dirk Maes ◽  
Dimitri Brosens ◽  
Filiep T’jollyn ◽  
Peter Desmet ◽  
Frederic Piesschaert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Extinction Risk ◽  
Red List ◽  
Nutrient Level ◽  
Control Procedure ◽  
Temporal And Spatial Distribution ◽  
Dispersal Capacity ◽  
Red Lists

Red Lists estimate the extinction risk of species at global or regional levels and are important instruments in conservation policies. Global Red List assessments are readily available via the IUCN website (https://www.iucnredlist.org) and are regularly updated by (taxonomic) experts. Regional Red Lists, however, are not always easy to find and often use local criteria to assess the local extinction risk of species. Here, we publish a database with the outcome of 38 Red List assessments in Flanders (northern Belgium) between 1994 and 2018. In total, the database contains 6,224 records of 5,039 unique taxa pertaining to 24 different taxonomic groups. Using a quality control procedure, we evaluated the criteria used, the number of records, the temporal and spatial distribution of the data and the up-to-dateness of the Red Lists. This way, nineteen Red Lists were approved as being of sufficient high quality (i.e. validated) and nineteen others were not. Once validated, Red Lists are approved by the regional Minister of Environment and published in the Belgian Official Gazette acquiring legal status. For the validated Red Lists, we additionally compiled (life-history) traits that are applicable to a wide variety of species groups (taxonomic kingdom, environment, biotope, nutrient level, dispersal capacity, lifespan and cuddliness). The publication of this dataset allows comparison of Red List statuses with other European regions and countries and permits analyses about how certain (life-history) traits can explain the Red List status of species. The dataset will be regularly updated by adding new Red List (re)assessments and/or additional (life-history) traits.

Life history and ecological correlates of extinction risk in European freshwater fishes

2005 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 854-862 ◽  
Author(s):  
John D Reynolds ◽  
Thomas J Webb ◽  
Lorraine A Hawkins
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Threatened Species ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Life Histories ◽  
Extinction Risk ◽  
Marine Species ◽  
Freshwater Fishes ◽  
Freshwater Species ◽  
Threat Status ◽  
Close Relatives

We used phylogenetically based comparative analyses to test for associations between extinction risk in European freshwater fishes and a variety of life history, ecological, and biogeographical traits. Based on the World Conservation Union classification scheme, a total of 47% of Europe's 287 native species are classified as threatened with extinction. Threatened species are significantly smaller than less-threatened species in the same genera when analyses are restricted to fully freshwater species. This trend is reversed when anadromous genera are included. These comprise many large-bodied species in which fishing has often played a greater role in declines than in other taxa. Threatened species did not differ significantly in their habitats, although they tended to occupy a narrower variety of habitats biased toward streams and rivers. Threatened species occupy much narrower latitudinal ranges than close relatives that are less threatened, and they also have more southerly distributions where pressures on habitats are intense. This study suggests that links between life histories and threat status of freshwater fishes are not as clearcut as for marine species. For fish restricted entirely to freshwater, small-bodied species are most at risk owing to their naturally small ranges, which may put them in a more precarious position when their habitats are impacted by humans.

scholarly journals Patterns of uncertainty in life-history and extinction risk for Arctic vertebrates

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 710-721 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cody J. Dey ◽  
David J. Yurkowski ◽  
Richard Schuster ◽  
David S. Shiffman ◽  
Sarah Joy Bittick
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Extinction Risk ◽  
Research Effort ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Red List ◽  
Biological Information ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Arctic Species

Conserving Arctic wildlife will be challenging given the ongoing environmental changes in the region. In addition, there is a lack of fundamental biological information for many Arctic species, including a dearth of knowledge surrounding conservation threats and the risk of extinction. In this study, we gather all available data on research effort and life-history traits to assess the current state of scientific knowledge surrounding 389 Arctic vertebrate species. We also quantify patterns of species evaluation by the IUCN Red List, a global database of conservation risk used to measure success and prioritize resources in many conservation programs. We find that 10% of Arctic vertebrates have been the subject of no peer-reviewed studies during the last 30 years, and that we have little life history knowledge for many species. Arctic marine fishes are especially poorly known with an average of 3.5 (out of six) key life-history traits unknown. In a multivariate analysis, whether an Arctic species had been evaluated by the IUCN Red List was most strongly predicted by research effort and varied among taxonomic groups. In addition, we found that species that have been evaluated by the IUCN Red List continue to receive more research attention than species which have not been evaluated. Protecting all Arctic species may, therefore, require research programs and methods to halt research inertia and shift more attention onto species that are poorly known.

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