Environmental DNA (eDNA) detection and habitat occupancy of threatened spotted gar (Lepisosteus oculatus)

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 1107-1119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret Boothroyd ◽  
Nicholas E. Mandrak ◽  
Michael Fox ◽  
Chris C. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Dna ◽  
Spotted Gar ◽  
Habitat Occupancy ◽  
Lepisosteus Oculatus

Air-breathing during activity in the fishes amia calva and lepisosteus oculatus

1998 ◽  
Vol 201 (7) ◽  
pp. 943-948 ◽  
Author(s):  
C G Farmer ◽  
D C Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Aquatic Habitats ◽  
Air Breathing ◽  
Spotted Gar ◽  
Water Oxygen ◽  
Rate Of Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Amia Calva ◽  
Lepisosteus Oculatus ◽  
Air Hole

Many osteichthyan fishes obtain oxygen from both air, using a lung, and water, using gills. Although it is commonly thought that fishes air-breathe to survive hypoxic aquatic habitats, other reasons may be more important in many species. This study was undertaken to determine the significance of air-breathing in two fish species while exercising in oxygen-rich water. Oxygen consumption from air and water was measured during mild activity in bowfin (Amia calva) and spotted gar (Lepisosteus oculatus) by sealing a fish in an acrylic flume that contained an air-hole. At 19-23 degreesC, the rate of oxygen consumption from air in both species was modest at rest. During low-level exercise, more than 50 % of the oxygen consumed by both species was from the air (53.0+/-22.9 % L. oculatus; 66.4+/-8.3 % A. calva). <P>

scholarly journals The Molecular Evolution of Circadian Clock Genes in Spotted Gar (Lepisosteus oculatus)

Genes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Sun ◽  
Chao Liu ◽  
Moli Huang ◽  
Jian Huang ◽  
Changhong Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Clock ◽  
Teleost Fish ◽  
Clock Gene ◽  
Genome Duplication ◽  
Clock Genes ◽  
Gene Families ◽  
Regulatory Mechanisms ◽  
Spotted Gar ◽  
Circadian Clock Genes ◽  
Lepisosteus Oculatus

Circadian rhythms are biological rhythms with a period of approximately 24 h. While canonical circadian clock genes and their regulatory mechanisms appear highly conserved, the evolution of clock gene families is still unclear due to several rounds of whole genome duplication in vertebrates. The spotted gar (Lepisosteus oculatus), as a non-teleost ray-finned fish, represents a fish lineage that diverged before the teleost genome duplication (TGD), providing an outgroup for exploring the evolutionary mechanisms of circadian clocks after whole-genome duplication. In this study, we interrogated the spotted gar draft genome sequences and found that spotted gar contains 26 circadian clock genes from 11 families. Phylogenetic analysis showed that 9 of these 11 spotted gar circadian clock gene families have the same number of genes as humans, while the members of the nfil3 and cry families are different between spotted gar and humans. Using phylogenetic and syntenic analyses, we found that nfil3-1 is conserved in vertebrates, while nfil3-2 and nfil3-3 are maintained in spotted gar, teleost fish, amphibians, and reptiles, but not in mammals. Following the two-round vertebrate genome duplication (VGD), spotted gar retained cry1a, cry1b, and cry2, and cry3 is retained in spotted gar, teleost fish, turtles, and birds, but not in mammals. We hypothesize that duplication of core clock genes, such as (nfil3 and cry), likely facilitated diversification of circadian regulatory mechanisms in teleost fish. We also found that the transcription factor binding element (Ahr::Arnt) is retained only in one of the per1 or per2 duplicated paralogs derived from the TGD in the teleost fish, implicating possible subfuctionalization cases. Together, these findings help decipher the repertoires of the spotted gar’s circadian system and shed light on how the vertebrate circadian clock systems have evolved.

scholarly journals Development of species-specific primers with potential for amplifying eDNA from imperilled freshwater unionid mussels

Genome ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 59 (12) ◽  
pp. 1141-1149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Cho ◽  
Todd Morris ◽  
Chris Wilson ◽  
Joanna Freeland
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Freshwater Mussel ◽  
Environmental Dna ◽  
Target Species ◽  
Habitat Occupancy ◽  
Unionid Mussels ◽  
Sufficient Variation ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Taxonomic Groups ◽  
Tank Water

Environmental DNA (eDNA) is emerging as a potentially powerful tool for inferring species’ presence, and hence occupancy, from DNA that is shed into environmental samples such as water. Although eDNA screening has been used to detect DNA from a variety of taxonomic groups, it has not yet been used to identify DNA from species with numerous potentially sympatric confamilial species, a situation that may preclude the development of species-specific markers. There are 41 native freshwater mussel species (Unionidae) in Ontario, Canada. Many of these are potentially sympatric, and 14 species have been formally assessed as endangered, threatened, or special concern. We investigated whether there was sufficient variation within the cytochrome oxidase region (COI) to develop species-specific eDNA markers for at-risk unionids. We developed 32 COI markers for eight unionid species, and tested each of these on the target species plus 29 potentially sympatric unionid taxa. Six of these markers amplified DNA only from the intended target species. We then extracted and amplified mussel eDNA from rearing-tank water samples. We conclude that despite high species diversity, it should be possible to develop eDNA COI markers and screen water samples for habitat occupancy by unionid mussels.

Immunolocalization of enamel matrix protein-like proteins in the tooth enameloid of spotted gar, Lepisosteus oculatus, an actinopterygian bony fish

2018 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 291-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ichiro Sasagawa ◽  
Mikio Ishiyama ◽  
Hiroyuki Yokosuka ◽  
Masato Mikami ◽  
Shunya Oka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Matrix Protein ◽  
Bony Fish ◽  
Enamel Matrix ◽  
Spotted Gar ◽  
Enamel Matrix Protein ◽  
Lepisosteus Oculatus

Gonadal cysts in spotted gar (Lepisosteus oculatus) from Bayou Trepagnier, Louisiana, USA

2000 ◽  
Vol 50 (1-5) ◽  
pp. 279-282
Author(s):  
A Thiyagarajah ◽  
M.B Anderson ◽  
W.R Hartley
Keyword(s):  
Spotted Gar ◽  
Lepisosteus Oculatus
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