Application of various carboxylic acids modified walnut shell waste as natural filler for epoxy‐based composites

Growing global environmental threats have attracted researchers and engineers toward design and manufacture of green materials. In this regard, natural filler reinforced composites are environmentally friendly, cost-effective materials with a lot of advantages over conventional carbon/glass fiber reinforced composites. Hence, in this study, the drilling performance of walnut shell powder reinforced composite material was experimentally investigated. For this purpose, the composite specimens were first fabricated by injection molding process, followed by further drilling tests, which were performed with and without ultrasonic vibration. The effect of drilling parameters and ultrasonic vibration was investigated on surface roughness, thrust force and geometrical tolerances (circularity and cylindricity), as the process performance parameters. The obtained results demonstrated that by increase of the spindle rotational speed and decrease of feed rate, the thrust force, surface roughness and geometrical tolerances were reduced. Also, it was seen that ultrasonic vibration could effectively enhance the performance parameters, which was attributed to the intermittent cutting process and impact action of ultrasonic vibration, leading to reduced friction, improved material removal, reduced cutting forces, and better surface quality.

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Evaluation of highly filled epoxy composites modified with walnut shell waste filler

Polymer Bulletin ◽

10.1007/s00289-017-2163-3 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 75 (6) ◽

pp. 2511-2528 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Kamila Salasinska ◽

Mateusz Barczewski ◽

Rafał Górny ◽

Arkadiusz Kloziński

Keyword(s):

Epoxy Composites ◽

Walnut Shell ◽

Shell Waste

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Sorption of nickel ions from aqueous solutions using activated carbon derived from walnut shell waste

Desalination and Water Treatment ◽

10.5004/dwt.2010.1863 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 16 (1-3) ◽

pp. 282-289 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Gang Wang ◽

Aimin Li ◽

Mingzhi Li

Keyword(s):

Activated Carbon ◽

Aqueous Solutions ◽

Walnut Shell ◽

Nickel Ions ◽

Shell Waste

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Studies of Resistance of PP/Natural Filler Polymer Composites to Decomposition Caused by Fungi

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma14061368 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (6) ◽

pp. 1368

Author(s):

Anna Włodarczyk-Fligier ◽

Magdalena Polok-Rubiniec

Keyword(s):

Polymer Composites ◽

Grain Morphology ◽

Walnut Shell ◽

Sem Images ◽

Visual Evaluation ◽

Entire Volume ◽

The Matrix ◽

Natural Filler ◽

Walnut Shell Flour ◽

Fungistatic Effect

The article discusses the grain morphology of the natural filler from hazelnut and walnut shell flour. It was observed that the geometry of both meals is similar to each other and resembles uneven balls in shape. The heterogeneity and well-developed outer surface of the flour grains allow for filling the voids with the polymer matrix. The analysis of the surface of the SEM images allowed to observe the presence of natural filler flour grains in the entire volume of the produced polymer composites, uneven distribution and small agglomerates, as well as the presence of voids, distributed in the matrix and in the matrix/filler interface. As a result of the visual evaluation of the activity of microorganisms (mycelium) on the surface of the produced polymer composite materials PP/hazelnut and walnut shell flour with a different % share, different fraction, it was found that the best fungistatic effect was shown by the samples marked with the symbol hazelnut at the fraction 315–443 µm. The least fungistatic material was found to be the samples with walnut shell meal filler at the fraction 315–443 µm (F2 and F4), on which the microorganisms achieved significant growth (more than 50% of the test area). The highest value of contact angle was obtained for samples with hazelnut filler fraction 315–443 (C2 and C4), which also confirms its best fungistatic effect.

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