Influence of nanoclay on urea-formaldehyde resins for wood adhesives and its model

2008 ◽  
Vol 109 (4) ◽  
pp. 2442-2451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Lei ◽  
Guanben Du ◽  
Antonio Pizzi ◽  
A. Celzard
Keyword(s):  
Urea Formaldehyde ◽  
Wood Adhesives

scholarly journals Lignosulphonates as an Alternative to Non-Renewable Binders in Wood-Based Materials

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 4196
Author(s):  
Sofia Gonçalves ◽  
João Ferra ◽  
Nádia Paiva ◽  
Jorge Martins ◽  
Luísa H. Carvalho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Aromatic Ring ◽  
Phenol Formaldehyde ◽  
Urea Formaldehyde ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Wood Adhesives ◽  
Renewable Source ◽  
Pressing Time ◽  
Value Added Products ◽  
Total Market

Lignin is a widely abundant renewable source of phenolic compounds. Despite the growing interest on using it as a substitute for its petroleum-based counterparts, only 1 to 2% of the global lignin production is used for obtaining value-added products. Lignosulphonates (LS), derived from the sulphite pulping process, account for 90% of the total market of commercial lignin. The most successful industrial attempts to use lignin for wood adhesives are based on using this polymer as a partial substitute in phenol-formaldehyde or urea-formaldehyde resins. Alternatively, formaldehyde-free adhesives with lignin and lignosulphonates have also been developed with promising results. However, the low number of reactive sites available in lignin’s aromatic ring and high polydispersity have hindered its application in resin synthesis. Currently, finding suitable crosslinkers for LS and decreasing the long pressing time associated with lignin adhesives remains a challenge. Thus, several methods have been proposed to improve the reactivity of lignin molecules. In this paper, techniques to extract, characterize, as well as improve the reactivity of LS are addressed. The most recent advances in the application of LS in wood adhesives, with and without combination with formaldehyde, are also reviewed.

Influence of Nanoclay on Phenol-Formaldehyde and Phenol-Urea-Formaldehyde Resins for Wood Adhesives

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (8-10) ◽  
pp. 1567-1576 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Lei ◽  
G. Du ◽  
A. Pizzi ◽  
A. Celzard ◽  
Q. Fang
Keyword(s):  
Phenol Formaldehyde ◽  
Urea Formaldehyde ◽  
Wood Adhesives

scholarly journals Research Progress of Wood-Based Panels Made of Thermoplastics as Wood Adhesives

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 98
Author(s):  
Xianfeng Mo ◽  
Xinhao Zhang ◽  
Lu Fang ◽  
Yu Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Urea Formaldehyde ◽  
Formaldehyde Emission ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Wood Adhesives ◽  
Bonding Structure ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Thermoplastic Resins

When thermoplastic resins such as polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP) are selected as wood adhesives to bond wood particles (fibers, chips, veneers) by using the hot-pressing technique, the formaldehyde emission issue that has long existed in the wood-based panel industry can be effectively solved. In this study, in general, thermoplastic-bonded wood-based panels presented relatively higher mechanical properties and better water resistance and machinability than the conventional urea–formaldehyde resin-bonded wood-based panels. However, the bonding structure of the wood and thermoplastic materials was unstable at high temperatures. Compared with the wood–plastic composites manufactured by the extruding or injection molding methods, thermoplastic-bonded wood-based panels have the advantages of larger size, a wider raw material range and higher production efficiency. The processing technology, bonding mechanism and the performance of thermoplastic-bonded wood-based panels are comprehensively summarized and reviewed in this paper. Meanwhile, the existing problems of this new kind of panel and their future development trends are also highlighted, which can provide the wood industry with foundations and guidelines for using thermoplastics as environmentally friendly adhesives and effectively solving indoor pollution problems.

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