A study of the oxidative degradation of phenol-formaldehyde polycondensates using infrared spectroscopy

1963 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert T. Conley ◽  
Joseph F. Bieron
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Phenol Formaldehyde ◽  
Oxidative Degradation

scholarly journals Determination of mole-ratio of resol type phenol-formaldehyde resins by infrared spectroscopy

1969 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 958-962 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masayoshi YAMAO ◽  
Tadao WATANABE ◽  
Shigeyuki TANAKA
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Phenol Formaldehyde

Improving Performance of Phenol-Formaldehyde Resins Modified/Blended with Phenol-Rich Pyrolysis Bio-Oil

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 387-395
Author(s):  
Qi Li ◽  
Xiaosheng Liu ◽  
Huidong Su ◽  
An Mao ◽  
Hui Wan
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Thermogravimetric Analysis ◽  
Bond Strength ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Phenol Formaldehyde ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Pyrolysis Of Biomass

Abstract In this study, we compare the panel performance of plywood made with phenol-formaldehyde (PF) resins modified and blended with phenol-rich bio-oil produced from pyrolysis of biomass. The modified PF resins were synthesized with phenol-rich bio-oil at phenol substitutions of 10, 25, 50, and 75 percent. The blended PF resins were prepared by blending control PF resin with phenol-rich bio-oil at 4, 13, 23, and 38 percent by weight. These resins were examined with Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and evaluated as plywood binders. The results indicated that the apparent viscosities of modified PF resins were similar to those of control PF resin, while the apparent viscosities of blended PF resins increased with the addition of phenol-rich bio-oil. As the amount of phenol-rich bio-oil increased, the gel times of both modified and blended PF resins decreased first and then increased. FTIR results showed that modified PF resins with up to 25 percent substitution had FTIR spectra similar to those of control PF resin, while blended PF resins with a higher amount of added bio-oil had spectra more like those of bio-oil. TGA results showed that at temperatures of 25°C to 400°C, both modified and blended PF resins with high bio-oil content had better thermal stability than the control PF resin. Panel tests showed that modifying or synthesizing PF resin with phenol-rich bio-oil up to 50 percent increased both dry and wet bond strength. Blending PF resin with phenol-rich bio-oil up to 13 percent increased both dry and wet bond strength compared with control PF resin.

Microstructure and Oxidation Resistance of Muscovite-Glass Frits Loaded High Silica Cloth/Boron-Containing Phenol-Formaldehyde Resin-Based Ceramifying Composites

2013 ◽  
Vol 319 ◽  
pp. 34-38
Author(s):  
Yan Qin ◽  
Jie Ding ◽  
Zhi Xiong Huang ◽  
Qi Lin Mei ◽  
Zhi Long Rao
Keyword(s):  
Phenol Formaldehyde ◽  
Oxidative Degradation ◽  
Phenol Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Mullite Ceramic ◽  
Muscovite Mica ◽  
Fiberglass Fabric ◽  
High Silica ◽  
Thermo Oxidative Degradation

The boron-containing phenol-formaldehyde resin-based ceramifying composites that used muscovite mica and glass frits loaded boron-containing phenol-formaldehyde resin (BPF) as matrix, high silica fiberglass fabric as reinforcements, were pyrolyzed into ceramic gradually in the air. Glass frits were fused into liquid phase and spread to the surface to make muscovite mica form compact mullite ceramic shell. The shell restrained oxygen into the internal effectively in order to reduce the thermo-oxidative degradation of BPF resin. X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) showed that aluminium borate (Al8B4O33) and mullite (Al6Si2O13) crystalline phases after pyrolysis. SEM demonstrated the ceramifying progress of the microstructure of the composites, and EDS analyzed the micro-chemical composition.

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