Metal‐Modified Nucleic Acids: Metal‐Mediated Base Pairs, Triples, and Tetrads

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 1397-1406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuvankar Naskar ◽  
Rweetuparna Guha ◽  
Jens Müller
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
Base Pairs ◽  
Modified Nucleic Acids

scholarly journals Synthesis of chemically modified DNA

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 709-715 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arun Shivalingam ◽  
Tom Brown
Keyword(s):  
Synthetic Biology ◽  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Chemical Modifications ◽  
Base Pairs ◽  
Chemically Modified ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Modified Dna ◽  
Modified Nucleic Acids

Naturally occurring DNA is encoded by the four nucleobases adenine, cytosine, guanine and thymine. Yet minor chemical modifications to these bases, such as methylation, can significantly alter DNA function, and more drastic changes, such as replacement with unnatural base pairs, could expand its function. In order to realize the full potential of DNA in therapeutic and synthetic biology applications, our ability to ‘write’ long modified DNA in a controlled manner must be improved. This review highlights methods currently used for the synthesis of moderately long chemically modified nucleic acids (up to 1000 bp), their limitations and areas for future expansion.

scholarly journals Transcription of 4′-thioDNA templates to natural RNA in vitro and in mammalian cells

2015 ◽  
Vol 51 (37) ◽  
pp. 7887-7890 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideto Maruyama ◽  
Kazuhiro Furukawa ◽  
Hiroyuki Kamiya ◽  
Noriaki Minakawa ◽  
Akira Matsuda
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Rna Polymerases ◽  
Chemically Modified ◽  
Biological Studies ◽  
Modified Nucleic Acids

Synthetic chemically modified nucleic acids, which are compatible with DNA/RNA polymerases, have great potential as a genetic material for synthetic biological studies.

scholarly journals Triazole-Modified Nucleic Acids for the Application in Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 628
Author(s):  
Dagmara Baraniak ◽  
Jerzy Boryski
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Modified Oligonucleotides ◽  
Synthetic Genes ◽  
Chemically Modified ◽  
Amide Linkage ◽  
Dna And Rna ◽  
Modified Dna ◽  
Modified Nucleic Acids ◽  
Non Coding Rnas

This review covers studies which exploit triazole-modified nucleic acids in the range of chemistry and biology to medicine. The 1,2,3-triazole unit, which is obtained via click chemistry approach, shows valuable and unique properties. For example, it does not occur in nature, constitutes an additional pharmacophore with attractive properties being resistant to hydrolysis and other reactions at physiological pH, exhibits biological activity (i.e., antibacterial, antitumor, and antiviral), and can be considered as a rigid mimetic of amide linkage. Herein, it is presented a whole area of useful artificial compounds, from the clickable monomers and dimers to modified oligonucleotides, in the field of nucleic acids sciences. Such modifications of internucleotide linkages are designed to increase the hybridization binding affinity toward native DNA or RNA, to enhance resistance to nucleases, and to improve ability to penetrate cell membranes. The insertion of an artificial backbone is used for understanding effects of chemically modified oligonucleotides, and their potential usefulness in therapeutic applications. We describe the state-of-the-art knowledge on their implications for synthetic genes and other large modified DNA and RNA constructs including non-coding RNAs.

Nucleic acids in two dimensions: layers of base pairs linked by carboxylate

2007 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Corral ◽  
Huub Kooijman ◽  
Anthony L. Spek ◽  
Jan Reedijk
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Base Pairs

scholarly journals Nucleic acids in mummified plant seeds: biochemistry and molecular genetics of pre-Columbian maize

1991 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franco Rollo ◽  
Franco Maria Venanzi ◽  
Augusto Amici
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Dna Amplification ◽  
Degree Of Polymerization ◽  
Base Pairs ◽  
Plant Seeds ◽  
Maize Seeds ◽  
Maize Populations ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Seed Dna

SummaryNucleic acids fractions were isolated from pre-Columbian maize seeds and characterized using different approaches such as polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, anti-DNA antibody binding, HPLC fractionation, molecular hybridization with cloned genes, and DNA amplification by the polymerase chain reaction. The nucleic acids were found to be very depolymerized (≤140 base pairs in length) and composed mainly of ribosomal RNA. Despite the very low amount and degree of polymerization of seed DNA, specific maize nuclear Mul, Mu4, Mu8 and, possibly, Mu5 element components could be detected, thanks to the use of amplification systems as short as 90 bp. The results suggest that evaluation of the relative proportions of Mu-type element components and, possibly, other maize genomic components in single mummified kernels, may offer a new key to the study of ancient maize populations.

Watson-Crick Base Pairs and Nucleic Acids Stability

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis A Marky ◽  
Hui-Ting Lee ◽  
Angel Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
Base Pairs

Bifunctional Photobinding of Psoralen to Single Stranded Nucleic Acids

1973 ◽  
Vol 28 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 370-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Marciani ◽  
M. Terbojevich ◽  
F Dall 'Acqua ◽  
G. Rodighiero
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Light Scattering ◽  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
Dilute Solutions ◽  
Base Pairs ◽  
Bacterial Dna ◽  
Disordered Structure ◽  
Concentrated Solution ◽  
Reduced Rate ◽  
Molecular Weight Of Dna

Abstract As psoralen and other furocoumarin derivatives, intercalated between two base pairs of native DNA, under irradiation at 365 nm form inter-strand cross-linkings as a consequence of bifunctional addition, the writers have investigated the ability of psoralen to give such bifunctional photo­ additions, too, with nucleic acids with disordered or partilly disordered structure (denatured DNA and r-RNA). On the basis of fluorimetric, light-scattering, viscosimetric measurements and of the renaturation ability of denatured bacterial DNA, certain results have been obtained. In addition to monofunctional photoadditions, psoralen can give bifunctional binding by irradiation at 365 nm both with denatured DNA and with r-RNA. However, when irradiation of denatured DNA in the presence of psoralen was performed in a concentrated solution (0.4%), the formation of bifunctional additions between two different strands was demonstrated by the increase (50%) of molecular weight of denatured DNA. However, when irradiation of denatured DNA was performed in more dilute solutions (0.1%), the bifunctional photoaddition of psoralen took place producing only bi­ functional additions in the same strand, very probably with the formation of loops, as has been shown by the absence of increase of molecular weight of DNA and by the more restricted structure assumed by the macromolecule, revealed by the light-scattering and viscosimetric measurements. The formation of these bifunctional additions was confirmed by the reduced rate of renaturation shown by denatured bacterial DNA after irradiation in the presence of psoralen. In the case of r-RNA, psoralen, when irradiated can form bifunctional additions only in the same strand.

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