On the Reaction of Naphthalene Diimides with Fluoride Ions: Acid/Base versus Redox Reactions

2017 ◽  
Vol 56 (33) ◽  
pp. 9958-9961 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillaume Bélanger‐Chabot ◽  
Ahmed Ali ◽  
François P. Gabbaï
Keyword(s):  
Redox Reactions ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Fluoride Ions ◽  
Naphthalene Diimides

On the Reaction of Naphthalene Diimides with Fluoride Ions: Acid/Base versus Redox Reactions

2017 ◽  
Vol 129 (33) ◽  
pp. 10090-10093 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillaume Bélanger‐Chabot ◽  
Ahmed Ali ◽  
François P. Gabbaï
Keyword(s):  
Redox Reactions ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Fluoride Ions ◽  
Naphthalene Diimides

Studies of catalysis in fluoride solutions

1956 ◽  
Vol 234 (1197) ◽  
pp. 192-207 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Fluoride ◽  
Acid Catalysis ◽  
Catalytic Effect ◽  
Base Catalysis ◽  
Hydrogen Ions ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Fluoride Ions ◽  
Buffer Solutions ◽  
Catalytic Effects ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Measurements are reported of the catalytic effect of aqueous hydrogen fluoride and fluoride buffer solutions in the following eight reactions: the hydrolysis of diethyl acetal, the depoly­merization of paraldehyde, the decomposition of nitramide, the bromination of ethyl acetoacetate and of ethyl cyclo pentanone-2-carboxylate, the iodination of acetonylacetone and of acetone, and the dehydration of acetaldehyde hydrate. In the first two, which are specifically catalyzed by hydrogen ions, the catalytic effect of the fluoride systems corre­sponds to the calculated hydrogen-ion concentrations, and it is suggested that under some conditions fluoride buffer solutions may be particularly useful for controlling pH. In the remaining six reactions there is also general acid-base catalysis by hydrogen fluoride mole­cules, or by fluoride ions, or by both. The catalytic effects of these two species are close to those predicted by relations previously established for carboxylic acids and their anions. The bifluoride ion has approximately the same effect as hydrogen fluoride in acid catalysis but has no detectable catalytic effect as a base. These findings are discussed in terms of the structures and thermodynamic properties of the species concerned.

Acid—base and redox reactions in fused sodium nitrite

1984 ◽  
Vol 74 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 131-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osami Abe ◽  
Taizo Utsunomiya ◽  
Yoshio Hoshino
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Nitrite ◽  
Redox Reactions ◽  
Acid Base

Coupled Redox Reactions, Linkage Isomerization, Hydride Formation, and Acid−Base Relationships in the Decaphenylferrocene System

1997 ◽  
Vol 16 (13) ◽  
pp. 2787-2797 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan M. Bond ◽  
Ray Colton ◽  
Dirk A. Fiedler ◽  
Leslie D. Field ◽  
Taian He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Redox Reactions ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Hydride Formation ◽  
Linkage Isomerization

scholarly journals TO THE ISSUE OF FINDING THE STOICHIOMETRIC COEFFICIENTS IN THE CHEMICAL REACTIONS

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 19-48
Author(s):  
Jekaterina Aleksejeva ◽  
Sharif Guseynov
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Reactions ◽  
Redox Reactions ◽  
Algebraic Equations ◽  
Computer Implementation ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Linear Algebraic Equations ◽  
Ill Posed ◽  
Computational Errors

In the present paper, on the basis of the theory of inverse and ill-posed problems, an algorithm is proposed that allows to unambiguously determine the stoichiometric coefficients in the equations of chemical reactions of any type, including redox reactions and acid-base reactions, and, regardless of whether the constructed system of linear algebraic equations for the desired stoichiometric coefficients is underdetermined (i.e. there are fewer equations than unknowns) or overdetermined (i.e. there are more equations than unknowns). The proposed algorithm is a regularized algorithm (according to Tikhonov), which ensures that, in a computer implementation, possible computational errors will not make the comprised system of linear algebraic equations to be incapable of solving.

scholarly journals Interfacial reactions in lithia-based cathodes depending on the binder in the electrode and salt in the electrolyte

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hee Jeong Im ◽  
Yong Joon Park
Keyword(s):  
Interfacial Layer ◽  
Redox Reactions ◽  
Polyvinylidene Fluoride ◽  
High Stability ◽  
Side Reaction ◽  
Side Reactions ◽  
Cyclic Performance ◽  
Subsequent Reaction ◽  
Fluoride Ions ◽  
Salt Forms

Abstract Lithia (Li2O)-based cathodes, utilizing oxygen redox reactions for obtaining capacity, exhibit higher capacity than commercial cathodes. However, they are highly reactive owing to superoxides formed during charging, and they enable more active parasitic (side) reactions at the cathode/electrolyte and cathode/binder interfaces than conventional cathodes. This causes deterioration of the electrochemical performance limiting commercialization. To address these issues, the binder and salt for electrolyte were replaced in this study to reduce the side reaction of the cells containing lithia-based cathodes. The commercially used polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) binder and LiPF6 salt in the electrolyte easily generate such reactions, and the subsequent reaction between PVDF and LiOH (from decomposition of lithia) causes slurry gelation and agglomeration of particles in the electrode. Moreover, the fluoride ions from PVDF promote side reactions, and LiPF6 salt forms POF3 and HF, which cause side reactions owing to hydrolysis in organic solvents containing water. However, the polyacrylonitrile (PAN) binder and LiTFSI salt decrease these side reactions owing to their high stability with lithia-based cathode. Further, thickness of the interfacial layer was reduced, resulting in decreased impedance value of cells containing lithia-based cathodes. Consequently, for the same lithia-based cathodes, available capacity and cyclic performance were increased owing to the effects of PAN binder and LiTFSI salt in the electrolyte.

A new classification scheme for teaching reaction types in general chemistry

2019 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Wang
Keyword(s):  
General Chemistry ◽  
Chemical Reactions ◽  
Redox Reactions ◽  
Classification Scheme ◽  
College Level ◽  
New Classification ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Oxidation Reduction ◽  
Upper Level ◽  
Nuanced Understanding

AbstractGeneral chemistry is a freshman-level class required for most science majors and pre-professional undergraduates. A variety of concepts are introduced in this course; among them, chemical reactions are fundamental, but remain a central topic. The author compared 10 textbooks widely used for college-level general chemistry courses. They all cover the three major classes of chemical reactions: precipitation reactions, acid-base reactions, and oxidation-reduction (redox) reactions. However, significant differences in the way these textbooks present the material may cause confusion and misunderstanding for students, including when they move to upper-level courses. The author suggests a modified reaction classification scheme for general chemistry courses, which will provide students a more complete and nuanced understanding of chemical reactions.

Actinide binding by Kläui ligands: REDOX speciation and sorption on an extraction chromatography resin

2008 ◽  
Vol 96 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana G. Levitskaia ◽  
Sergey I. Sinkov ◽  
Gregg J. Lumetta
Keyword(s):  
Extraction Chromatography ◽  
Redox Reactions ◽  
Oxidation States ◽  
Sorption Behavior ◽  
Acid Solutions ◽  
Methyl Derivative ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
High Affinity ◽  
Nitric Acid Solutions ◽  
Actinide Ions

AbstractThe sorption of Eu(III) and actinide ions in various oxidation states from nitric acid solutions by an extraction chromatography resin containing 1 wt. % of the Kläui ligand CpResin samples loaded with various actinide ions were examined spectrophotometrically. No Np(V) and Pu(III) species were identified on the resin; rather, reduction–oxidation (REDOX) reactions occurred during equilibration, resulting in their complete conversion to M(IV) species bound by the Kläui ligand. Similarly, the sorption behavior of Pu(VI) and Np(VI) was complicated by their reduction to M(IV) upon sorption. The observed REDOX processes were apparently driven by the extremely high affinity of the Kläui ligand for the tetravalent ions. The acid–base properties of the methyl derivative of the Kläui ligand were investigated in aqueous solution, and its p

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