In Vivo Gold Complex Catalysis within Live Mice

2017 ◽  
Vol 56 (13) ◽  
pp. 3579-3584 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuki Tsubokura ◽  
Kenward K. H. Vong ◽  
Ambara R. Pradipta ◽  
Akihiro Ogura ◽  
Sayaka Urano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Complex

Back Cover: In Vivo Gold Complex Catalysis within Live Mice (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 13/2017)

2017 ◽  
Vol 56 (13) ◽  
pp. 3724-3724 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuki Tsubokura ◽  
Kenward K. H. Vong ◽  
Ambara R. Pradipta ◽  
Akihiro Ogura ◽  
Sayaka Urano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Complex ◽  
Back Cover

scholarly journals Preparation and characterization of a colloidal gold-insulin complex with binding and biological activities identical to native insulin.

1988 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 359-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
R M Smith ◽  
R I Goldberg ◽  
L Jarett
Keyword(s):  
Gold Particle ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Insulin Receptors ◽  
Gold Complex ◽  
Multivalent Ligands ◽  
Receptor Dynamics ◽  
Native Insulin

We studied the binding and biological activities of gold-insulin complexes to develop a complex with properties identical to native insulin. Stabilizing amounts of insulin absorbed to 5-, 10-, or 15-nm gold particles resulted in complexes with 40-327 insulin molecules per gold particle and 4-111 times the biological activity of unlabeled insulin, based on the molar concentration of gold complex. These data suggested that these complexes behaved as multivalent ligands. Gold-insulin complexes were prepared with 5% of the stabilizing insulin concentration and were stabilized with bovine serum albumin. This resulted in a complex with 5-7 insulin molecules per 10-nm gold particle, which stimulated glucose oxidation in rat adipocytes and competed with [125I]-insulin for binding to the insulin receptor identically to unlabeled insulin on an equimolar basis. The organization and distribution of insulin receptors occupied by this monovalent-behaving gold-insulin complex were virtually identical to previous observations using monomeric ferritin-insulin. Since multivalent ligands may affect receptor binding, re-distribution, and intracellular processing, the use of electron-dense probes that resemble the unlabeled ligand in biological and binding properties is appropriate when studying receptor dynamics of in vivo or in vitro biological systems. The gold-insulin complex developed in this study should serve this function.

In Vivo Gold Complex Catalysis within Live Mice

2017 ◽  
Vol 129 (13) ◽  
pp. 3633-3638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuki Tsubokura ◽  
Kenward K. H. Vong ◽  
Ambara R. Pradipta ◽  
Akihiro Ogura ◽  
Sayaka Urano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Complex

scholarly journals Rücktitelbild: In Vivo Gold Complex Catalysis within Live Mice (Angew. Chem. 13/2017)

2017 ◽  
Vol 129 (13) ◽  
pp. 3778-3778
Author(s):  
Kazuki Tsubokura ◽  
Kenward K. H. Vong ◽  
Ambara R. Pradipta ◽  
Akihiro Ogura ◽  
Sayaka Urano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Complex

scholarly journals Auranofin and ICG-001 Emerge Synergistic Anti-tumor Effect on Canine Breast Cancer by Inducing Apoptosis via Mitochondrial Pathway

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaoyan Lin ◽  
Zixiang Lin ◽  
Ying Zhao ◽  
Nan Cheng ◽  
Di Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Mitochondrial Pathway ◽  
Clinical Treatment ◽  
Gold Complex ◽  
Intact Female ◽  
Molecule Inhibitor ◽  
Mitochondrial Signaling ◽  
Tumor Agent

Canine breast cancer (CBC) is the most common spontaneous tumor in intact female dogs, especially in developing countries. The effective anti-tumor agents or therapies for the clinical treatment of CBC are still in need. Auranofin (AF) is a gold complex that has been attested by FDA for treating human rheumatism, which has been found as a great anti-tumor agent in recent years. ICG-001 is a small molecule inhibitor of Wnt/β-catenin pathway. In the present study, we demonstrated that a combination of AF and ICG-001 could synergistically suppress the proliferation of CBC in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, the synergistical effect was related with apoptosis caused by mitochondrial damage and ROS production. In conclusion, combination of AF and ICG-001 could synergistically suppress the growth of CBC in vitro and in vivo by leading apoptosis via mitochondrial signaling pathway and might provide a novel potential choice for the clinical treatment of CBC.

scholarly journals The Cellular Metabolism and Effects of Gold Complexes

1994 ◽  
Vol 1 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 395-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Garry G. Graham ◽  
G. David Champion ◽  
John B. Ziegler
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Hydrogen Cyanide ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Extracellular Fluid ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Gold Complex ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Gold Complexes ◽  
Cellular Effects

Leads to the cellular effects of the anti-arthritic gold complexes may come from the determination of their metabolism by target cells and, possibly, cells in the immediate environment of the target cells. Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) and mononuclear cells (monocytes and lymphocytes) are present in inflamed joints of patients with rheumatoid arthritis and these cells have been widely used in pharmacological studies on the gold complexes. It is suggested that the cellular effects of the gold complexes are mediated by the production of aurocyanide. According to this hypothesis, PMN metabolize small quantities of thiocyanate to cyanide which, in turn, converts gold complexes, such as aurothiomalate, to aurocyanide (dicyanogold(I)) which inhibits the functions of PMN and other cells. There is now considerable evidence for this hypothesis from in vitro studies but there is little in vivo work to back up the hypothesis. One of the few in vivo studies which tested the hypothesis involved the examination of the activity of aurothiomalate in the treatment of polyarthritis in Hooded Wistar rats. Activity of aurothiomalate is only shown in animals which received thiocyanate. Hydrogen cyanide is a constituent of cigarette smoke and the aurocyanide formed by the interaction with gold complexes and inhaled hydrogen cyanide rapidly diffuses into red blood cells. Because of the metabolism of hydrogen cyanide to thiocyanate in the liver, there are higher plasma levels of thiocyanate in smokers than in non-smokers. Smokers may have a greater incidence of side effects than non-smokers but there appears to be little difference in therapeutic response, possibly because there is sufficient thiocyanate in extracellular fluid, even in non-smokers, to support the conversion of gold complexes to aurocyanide. The relationship between the metabolism and effects of the orally active gold complex, auranofin are less clear. Auranofin itself is taken up by cells with the loss of the ligands bound to gold while its inhibitory activity against the oxidative burst of PMN decreases with increasing cell density. For example, the lucigenin-dependent chemiluminescence of 106 PMN/ml is 46 percent of control at 0.5 μM auranofin but only 2.2 percent in 2.105 PMN/ml in the presence of the same concentration of auranofin. A potentially active gold complex is a plasma component which is taken up by red blood cells.

Fine Structural Changes in the Microvasculature of the Mouse Pinna: Aging and Radiation Injury

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 54-55
Author(s):  
S. Phyllis Steamer ◽  
Rosemarie L. Devine
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Radiation Treatment ◽  
Arterial Stenosis ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Vascular Effects ◽  
Microvascular Changes ◽  
Surrounding Connective Tissue ◽  
Fission Neutrons ◽  
Total Body

The importance of radiation damage to the skin and its vasculature was recognized by the early radiologists. In more recent studies, vascular effects were shown to involve the endothelium as well as the surrounding connective tissue. Microvascular changes in the mouse pinna were studied in vivo and recorded photographically over a period of 12-18 months. Radiation treatment at 110 days of age was total body exposure to either 240 rad fission neutrons or 855 rad 60Co gamma rays. After in vivo observations in control and irradiated mice, animals were sacrificed for examination of changes in vascular fine structure. Vessels were selected from regions of specific interest that had been identified on photomicrographs. Prominent ultrastructural changes can be attributed to aging as well as to radiation treatment. Of principal concern were determinations of ultrastructural changes associated with venous dilatations, segmental arterial stenosis and tortuosities of both veins and arteries, effects that had been identified on the basis of light microscopic observations. Tortuosities and irregularly dilated vein segments were related to both aging and radiation changes but arterial stenosis was observed only in irradiated animals.

Induction and Differentiation of Dental Epithelium in Vivo and in Vitro

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 142-145
Author(s):  
E. J. Kollar
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Oral Mucosa ◽  
Basal Lamina ◽  
Functional Derivatives ◽  
Specific Source ◽  
Dental Epithelium ◽  
Connective Tissue Stroma

The differentiation and maintenance of many specialized epithelial structures are dependent on the underlying connective tissue stroma and on an intact basal lamina. These requirements are especially stringent in the development and maintenance of the skin and oral mucosa. The keratinization patterns of thin or thick cornified layers as well as the appearance of specialized functional derivatives such as hair and teeth can be correlated with the specific source of stroma which supports these differentiated expressions.

Ultrastructural Correlations between Clonal Human Tumor Colonies and in Vivo Neoplasms

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 210-211
Author(s):  
M.J. Murphy ◽  
R.R. Price ◽  
J.C. Sloman
Keyword(s):  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Human Tumor ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Tumor Mass ◽  
Initial Cell ◽  
Cloning Assay ◽  
Human Tumor Cloning ◽  
The Relationship

The in vitro human tumor cloning assay originally described by Salmon and Hamburger has been applied recently to the investigation of differential anti-tumor drug sensitivities over a broad range of human neoplasms. A major problem in the acceptance of this technique has been the question of the relationship between the cultured cells and the original patient tumor, i.e., whether the colonies that develop derive from the neoplasm or from some other cell type within the initial cell population. A study of the ultrastructural morphology of the cultured cells vs. patient tumor has therefore been undertaken to resolve this question. Direct correlation was assured by division of a common tumor mass at surgical resection, one biopsy being fixed for TEM studies, the second being rapidly transported to the laboratory for culture.

Structural analysis of the photosynthetic membrane from Ectothiorhodospira halochloris

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 740-741
Author(s):  
H. Engelhardt ◽  
R. Guckenberger ◽  
W. Baumeister
Keyword(s):  
Lattice Structure ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Hexagonal Lattice ◽  
Reaction Centre ◽  
Photosynthetic Membrane ◽  
Rhodopseudomonas Viridis ◽  
Photosynthetic Membranes ◽  
Ectothiorhodospira Halochloris ◽  
Main Components

Bacterial photosynthetic membranes contain, apart from lipids and electron transport components, reaction centre (RC) and light harvesting (LH) polypeptides as the main components. The RC-LH complexes in Rhodopseudomonas viridis membranes are known since quite seme time to form a hexagonal lattice structure in vivo; hence this membrane attracted the particular attention of electron microscopists. Contrary to previous claims in the literature we found, however, that 2-D periodically organized photosynthetic membranes are not a unique feature of Rhodopseudomonas viridis. At least five bacterial species, all bacteriophyll b - containing, possess membranes with the RC-LH complexes regularly arrayed. All these membranes appear to have a similar lattice structure and fine-morphology. The lattice spacings of the Ectothiorhodospira haloohloris, Ectothiorhodospira abdelmalekii and Rhodopseudomonas viridis membranes are close to 13 nm, those of Thiocapsa pfennigii and Rhodopseudomonas sulfoviridis are slightly smaller (∼12.5 nm).

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