Nitroxide-Mediated Controlled Free-Radical Emulsion Polymerization of Styrene andn-Butyl Acrylate with a Water-Soluble Alkoxyamine as Initiator

2004 ◽  
Vol 43 (45) ◽  
pp. 6186-6189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julien Nicolas ◽  
Bernadette Charleux ◽  
Olivier Guerret ◽  
St�phanie Magnet
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Emulsion Polymerization ◽  
Butyl Acrylate ◽  
Water Soluble

Nitroxide-Mediated Controlled Free-Radical Emulsion Polymerization of Styrene andn-Butyl Acrylate with a Water-Soluble Alkoxyamine as Initiator

2004 ◽  
Vol 116 (45) ◽  
pp. 6312-6315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julien Nicolas ◽  
Bernadette Charleux ◽  
Olivier Guerret ◽  
St�phanie Magnet
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Emulsion Polymerization ◽  
Butyl Acrylate ◽  
Water Soluble

scholarly journals Effect of Oxygen and Initiator Solubility on Admicellar Polymerization of Styrene on Silica Surfaces

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pohlee Cheah ◽  
Caitlin N. Bhikha ◽  
John H. O’Haver ◽  
Adam E. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Emulsion Polymerization ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Polymer Yield ◽  
Radical Initiator ◽  
Admicellar Polymerization ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Precipitated Silica ◽  
Free Radical Initiator

Although admicellar polymerization has been termed the surface analog of emulsion polymerization, previous reports utilizing free radical-initiated admicellar polymerization relied on high levels of the free radical initiator when compared to emulsion polymerization, likely due to the presence of oxygen in the reported admicellar polymerization systems. Admicellar polymerizations of styrene on the surface of precipitated silica initiated by either a water-soluble or a water-insoluble initiator were studied to determine the effect of dissolved oxygen and free radical initiator solubility on the kinetics, yield, and molecular weight of the polymer formed. Results show that the presence of oxygen reduces the polymer yield and limits molecular weight. The solubility of the initiator also affected the polymer formed in the admicellar polymerization of styrene. While monomer conversions and polymer yield were similar, the molecular weights of polymerizations initiated by a water-soluble initiator were higher than comparable polymerizations initiated by a water-insoluble initiator.

scholarly journals On the mechanism of acrylamide emulsion polymerization with the participation of its dimers

2021 ◽  
pp. 50-56
Author(s):  
L.R. Harutyunyan ◽  
◽  
R.S. Harutyunyan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Emulsion Polymerization ◽  
Radical Polymerization ◽  
Reaction Order ◽  
Free Radical Polymerization ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Polymerization Mechanism ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Acrylamide Monomer

The role of both dimeric and monomeric forms of acrylamide monomer in the process of polymerization in emulsions initiated by different type of initiators was discussed and the reasons for the reaction order with respect to monomer greater than unity were elucidated for acrylamide free radical polymerization in emulsions. The emulsion polymerization mechanism of acrylamide is discussed separately for the processes initiated by water-soluble initiator and oil-soluble initiator. The main difference in two cases is the distribution of acrylamide and initiator in aqueous and toluene phases. In the case of using water-soluble initiator, the initiator and acrylamide are in the same phase, whereas the molecules of the initiator and acrylamide are distributed between different phases in the case of using oil-soluble initiator. As a result, the participation of the dimers in the process of acrylamide emulsion polymerization is more efficient for the system where water-soluble initiator is used. For that system, it is suggested that both dimers and monomers of acrylamide participate in the propagation reaction at relatively low concentrations of acrylamide, which explains the value of the reaction order with respect to monomer greater than unity.

scholarly journals Free Radical Emulsion Polymerization of Ethylene

2014 ◽  
Vol 47 (19) ◽  
pp. 6591-6600 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Billuart ◽  
E. Bourgeat-Lami ◽  
M. Lansalot ◽  
V. Monteil
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Emulsion Polymerization
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