scholarly journals Attention processing speed impairment in early dementia with Lewy bodies correlates with white matter damage on volumetric and diffusion tensor imaging

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (S4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Botzung ◽  
Mary Mondino ◽  
Vincent Noblet ◽  
Nathalie Philippi ◽  
Frédéric Blanc
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Dementia With Lewy Bodies ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Lewy Bodies ◽  
White Matter Damage ◽  
Early Dementia ◽  
And Diffusion

scholarly journals Cognitive ocular motor deficits and white matter damage chronically after sports-related concussion

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgia F Symons ◽  
Meaghan Clough ◽  
Steven Mutimer ◽  
Brendan P Major ◽  
William T O’Brien ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Cognitive Flexibility ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Switch Cost ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Motor Deficits ◽  
Ocular Motor ◽  
White Matter Damage ◽  
History Of

Abstract A history of concussion has been linked to long-term cognitive deficits; however, the neural underpinnings of these abnormalities are poorly understood. This study recruited 26 asymptomatic male Australian footballers with a remote history of concussion (i.e. at least six months since last concussion), and 23 non-collision sport athlete controls with no history of concussion. Participants completed three ocular motor tasks (prosaccade, antisaccade and a cognitively complex switch task) to assess processing speed, inhibitory control and cognitive flexibility, respectively. Diffusion tensor imaging data were acquired using a 3 T MRI scanner, and analysed using tract-based spatial statistics, to investigate white matter abnormalities and how they relate to ocular motor performance. Australian footballers had significantly slower adjusted antisaccade latencies compared to controls (P = 0.035). A significant switch cost (i.e. switch trial error > repeat trial error) was also found on the switch task, with Australian footballers performing increased magnitude of errors on prosaccade switch trials relative to prosaccade repeat trials (P = 0.023). Diffusion tensor imaging analysis found decreased fractional anisotropy, a marker of white matter damage, in major white matter tracts (i.e. corpus callosum, corticospinal tract) in Australian footballers relative to controls. Notably, a larger prosaccade switch cost was significantly related to reduced fractional anisotropy in anterior white matter regions found to connect to the prefrontal cortex (i.e. a key cortical ocular motor centre involved in executive functioning and task switching). Taken together, Australian footballers with a history of concussion have ocular motor deficits indicative of poorer cognitive processing speed and cognitive flexibility, which are related to reduce white matter integrity in regions projecting to important cognitive ocular motor structures. These findings provide novel insights into the neural mechanisms that may underly chronic cognitive impairments in individuals with a history of concussion.

scholarly journals White matter integrity in dementia with Lewy bodies: a voxel-based analysis of diffusion tensor imaging

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 2010-2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zuzana Nedelska ◽  
Christopher G. Schwarz ◽  
Bradley F. Boeve ◽  
Val J. Lowe ◽  
Robert I. Reid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Dementia With Lewy Bodies ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Lewy Bodies ◽  
White Matter Integrity

scholarly journals White matter and schizophrenia: A meta-analysis of voxel-based morphometry and diffusion tensor imaging studies

2017 ◽  
Vol 270 ◽  
pp. 8-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrico Vitolo ◽  
Mona Karina Tatu ◽  
Claudia Pignolo ◽  
Franco Cauda ◽  
Tommaso Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Voxel Based Morphometry ◽  
Imaging Studies ◽  
And Diffusion

scholarly journals Brain Substrates of Time-Based Prospective Memory Decline in Aging: A Voxel-Based Morphometry and Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 396-409
Author(s):  
Alexandrine Morand ◽  
Shailendra Segobin ◽  
Grégory Lecouvey ◽  
Julie Gonneaud ◽  
Francis Eustache ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Prospective Memory ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Imaging Study ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Young Subjects ◽  
Anterior Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
And Diffusion

Abstract Time-based prospective memory (TBPM) allows us to remember to perform intended actions at a specific time in the future. TBPM is sensitive to the effects of age, but the neural substrates of this decline are still poorly understood. The aim of the present study was thus to better characterize the brain substrates of the age-related decline in TBPM, focusing on macrostructural gray matter and microstructural white matter integrity. We administered a TBPM task to 22 healthy young (26 ± 5.2 years) and 23 older (63 ± 5.9 years) participants, who also underwent volumetric magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion tensor imaging scans. Neuroimaging analyses revealed lower gray matter volumes in several brain areas in older participants, but these did not correlate with TBPM performance. By contrast, an age-related decline in fractional anisotropy in several white-matter tracts connecting frontal and occipital regions did correlate with TBPM performance, whereas there was no significant correlation in healthy young subjects. According to the literature, these tracts are connected to the anterior prefrontal cortex and the thalamus, 2 structures involved in TBPM. These results confirm the view that a disconnection process occurs in aging and contributes to cognitive decline.

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