Season, age, and sex affect the fecal mycobiota of free-ranging Tibetan macaques (Macaca thibetana)

2018 ◽  
Vol 80 (7) ◽  
pp. e22880 ◽  
Author(s):  
Binghua Sun ◽  
Zhiyuan Gu ◽  
Xi Wang ◽  
Michael A. Huffman ◽  
Paul A. Garber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Macaca Thibetana ◽  
Free Ranging ◽  
Age And Sex

Noninvasive Saliva Collection for DNA Analyses From Free-Ranging Tibetan Macaques (Macaca thibetana)

2012 ◽  
Vol 74 (11) ◽  
pp. 1064-1070 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. D. SIMONS ◽  
J. G. LORENZ ◽  
L. K. SHEERAN ◽  
J. H. LI ◽  
D. P. XIA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Macaca Thibetana ◽  
Dna Analyses ◽  
Saliva Collection ◽  
Free Ranging

scholarly journals Free-ranging Sichuan snub-nosed monkeys Rhinopithecus roxellana: Neophobia, neophilia, or both?

2013 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiwei Fu ◽  
Dapeng Zhao ◽  
Xiaoguang Qi ◽  
Songtao Guo ◽  
Wei Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
World Monkey ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Rhinopithecus Roxellana ◽  
Old World ◽  
Novel Object ◽  
Old World Monkey ◽  
Free Ranging ◽  
Age And Sex

Abstract We studied the responsiveness of the Sichuan snub-nosed monkey Rhinopithecus roxellana, an arboreal Old World monkey, to the presence of novel stimuli associated with familiar food. We also determined differences in responses by age and sex. Results showed that monkeys exhibited neophilia and neophobia simultaneously when facing novel stimuli. Age affected the response to novel stimuli significantly, with immature individuals responding to novel stimuli most frequently and infants least frequently. No significant differences were observed for sex, although females were more responsive to the novel object than were males. Our results support the “readiness to eat” hypothesis that the presence of a novel object can increase latencies to consume familiar food.

Total strontium and cesium concentrations in selected tissues of free-ranging European bison (Bison bonasus) in relation to age and sex

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (07) ◽  
pp. 102-107
Author(s):  
Tadeusz KoÅ›la ◽  
MichaÅ‚ Skibniewski ◽  
Ewa M. Skibniewska ◽  
Marta Kołnierzak
Keyword(s):  
Bison Bison ◽  
European Bison ◽  
Bison Bonasus ◽  
Free Ranging ◽  
Age And Sex

scholarly journals Marked variation between winter and spring gut microbiota in free-ranging Tibetan Macaques (Macaca thibetana)

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Binghua Sun ◽  
Xi Wang ◽  
Sofi Bernstein ◽  
Michael A. Huffman ◽  
Dong-Po Xia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Marked Variation ◽  
Macaca Thibetana ◽  
Free Ranging

scholarly journals Spontaneous approaches of divers by free-ranging orcas (Orcinus orca): age- and sex-differences in exploratory behaviours and visual laterality

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stéphanie Chanvallon ◽  
Catherine Blois-Heulin ◽  
Pierre Robert de Latour ◽  
Alban Lemasson
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Orcinus Orca ◽  
Free Ranging ◽  
Age And Sex

scholarly journals Antler development in reindeer in relation to age and sex

Rangifer ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amund Høymork ◽  
Eigil Reimers
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Rangifer Tarandus ◽  
Sex Discrimination ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
Antler Size ◽  
Free Ranging ◽  
Suggested Classification ◽  
Age And Sex ◽  
Antler Development

Yearling male and adult female reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus) are similar in size and shape. If sexual clues are hidden, it can be difficult to distinguish between them. Antlers can be a useful aid in classifying yearling males and adult females, depending on whether specific antler characteristics are identifiable for these two groups. We recorded antler characteristics in a domestic reindeer herd (Vågå) and found considerable overlap in antler height, width and circumference between the different age and sex groups. Total tines and number of tine split-offs are use¬ful for the field biologist when discriminating among adult females, yearling males and 2.5 year-old males. For example, when using the tine split-offs with the suggested classification, 79% of the observed adult females and 76% of the yearling males were classified correctly. The antler height, width and circumference provide other biological dif¬ferences between groups, but are not easy to use to identify free ranging reindeer. This is due to the great overlap in antler size between the groups and measuring difficulties in a field study situation. Male and female calves have very similar antlers, and only the antler width is possible for sex discrimination, giving 67% accuracy of discriminating between these two groups.

scholarly journals Age and sex-associated variation in the multi-site microbiome of an entire social group of free-ranging rhesus macaques

Microbiome ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mareike C. Janiak ◽  
Michael J. Montague ◽  
Catalina I. Villamil ◽  
Michala K. Stock ◽  
Amber E. Trujillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Group ◽  
Beta Diversity ◽  
Rhesus Macaques ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Taxonomic Composition ◽  
Oral Microbiome ◽  
Body Regions ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Free Ranging ◽  
Age And Sex

Abstract Background An individual’s microbiome changes over the course of its lifetime, especially during infancy, and again in old age. Confounding factors such as diet and healthcare make it difficult to disentangle the interactions between age, health, and microbial changes in humans. Animal models present an excellent opportunity to study age- and sex-linked variation in the microbiome, but captivity is known to influence animal microbial abundance and composition, while studies of free-ranging animals are typically limited to studies of the fecal microbiome using samples collected non-invasively. Here, we analyze a large dataset of oral, rectal, and genital swabs collected from 105 free-ranging rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta, aged 1 month-26 years), comprising one entire social group, from the island of Cayo Santiago, Puerto Rico. We sequenced 16S V4 rRNA amplicons for all samples. Results Infant gut microbial communities had significantly higher relative abundances of Bifidobacterium and Bacteroides and lower abundances of Ruminococcus, Fibrobacter, and Treponema compared to older age groups, consistent with a diet high in milk rather than solid foods. The genital microbiome varied widely between males and females in beta-diversity, taxonomic composition, and predicted functional profiles. Interestingly, only penile, but not vaginal, microbiomes exhibited distinct age-related changes in microbial beta-diversity, taxonomic composition, and predicted functions. Oral microbiome composition was associated with age, and was most distinctive between infants and other age classes. Conclusions Across all three body regions, with notable exceptions in the penile microbiome, while infants were distinctly different from other age groups, microbiomes of adults were relatively invariant, even in advanced age. While vaginal microbiomes were exceptionally stable, penile microbiomes were quite variable, especially at the onset of reproductive age. Relative invariance among adults, including elderly individuals, is contrary to findings in humans and mice. We discuss potential explanations for this observation, including that age-related microbiome variation seen in humans may be related to changes in diet and lifestyle.

Suckling in Free-ranging Beef Cattle - Temporal Patterning of Suckling Bouts and Effects of Age and Sex

Ethology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 98 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 321-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lena M. Lidfors ◽  
Per Jensen ◽  
Bo Algers
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Temporal Patterning ◽  
Free Ranging ◽  
Age And Sex

First occurrence of twins in provisioned free-ranging Tibetan macaques (Macaca thibetana) at Huangshan, China

Primates ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongpo Xia ◽  
Jinhua Li ◽  
Megan D. Matheson ◽  
Lixing Sun ◽  
Binghua Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Macaca Thibetana ◽  
First Occurrence ◽  
Free Ranging
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