Location of nerve cells producing the synaptic vesicles situated in the substantia gelatinosa of the spinal cord (1)

1973 ◽  
Vol 138 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald Duncan ◽  
Ricardo Morales
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Synaptic Vesicles ◽  
Nerve Cells ◽  
Substantia Gelatinosa

scholarly journals Retrograde tracing of spinal cord connections to the cervix with pregnancy in mice

Reproduction ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 139 (3) ◽  
pp. 645-653 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A Kirby ◽  
Mary M Groves ◽  
Steven M Yellon
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Pseudorabies Virus ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Retrograde Tracing ◽  
Nerve Cells ◽  
Substantia Gelatinosa ◽  
Neural Connections ◽  
Pregnant Mice ◽  
Motor Areas

In contrast to the uterus, the cervix is well innervated during pregnancy and the density of nerve fibers increases before birth. To assess neural connections between the cervix and the spinal cord, the cervix of pregnant mice was injected with the trans-synaptic retrograde neural tract tracer pseudorabies virus (PRV). After 5 days, the virus was present in nerve cells and fibers in specific areas of the sensory, autonomic, and motor subdivisions of the thoracolumbar spinal cord. In nonpregnant controls, the virus was predominantly distributed in laminae I–III in the dorsal gray sensory areas with the heaviest label in the substantia gelatinosa compared with the autonomic or motor areas. Labeled cells and processes were sparse in other regions, except for a prominent cluster in the intermediolateral column (lamina VII). Photomicrographs of spinal cord sections were digitized, and the total area with the virus was estimated. Compared with nonpregnant controls, the area with PRV was significantly decreased in all the spinal cord subdivisions in pregnant mice except in the intermediolateral column. However, areas with the virus were equivalent in mice injected with PRV at 4 days or 1 day before birth. These findings suggest that the predominant innervation of the murine cervix is from the sensory regions of the thoracolumbar spinal cord, and that these connections diminish with pregnancy. The results raise the possibility that the remaining connections from sensory and autonomic subdivisions, particularly the intermediolateral column, of the thoracolumbar spinal cord may be important for increased density of nerve fibers in the cervix as pregnancy nears term.

scholarly journals A Contribution to the Morbid Anatomy and the Pathology of General Paralysis of the Insane

1900 ◽  
Vol 46 (195) ◽  
pp. 688-711
Author(s):  
David Orr ◽  
Thomas Philip Cowen
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Nerve Cells ◽  
General Paralysis ◽  
Preliminary Communication ◽  
Morbid Anatomy

At the last February meeting of the Manchester Pathological Society we made a preliminary communication upon this subject, limited to a description of the changes found in the cortical nerve-cells and the descending degenerations in the spinal cord. Since then we have examined a much larger number of cases, and can therefore give a fuller description, with observations upon other points in the morbid anatomy of general paralysis of the insane.

An EM analysis of the synaptic connections of horseradish peroxidase-filled stalked cells and islet cells in the substantia gelatinosa of adult cat spinal cord

1980 ◽  
Vol 194 (4) ◽  
pp. 781-807 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Gobel ◽  
William M. Falls ◽  
Gary J. Bennett ◽  
Mohammed Abdelmoumene ◽  
Haruhide Hayashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Horseradish Peroxidase ◽  
Islet Cells ◽  
Substantia Gelatinosa ◽  
Synaptic Connections ◽  
Adult Cat

scholarly journals Systemic Administration of Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 Improves the Recovery of Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) in Rats and Attenuates SCI-Induced Autophagy

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sipin Zhu ◽  
Yibo Ying ◽  
Lin Ye ◽  
Weiyang Ying ◽  
Jiahui Ye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Fibroblast Growth Factor ◽  
Functional Recovery ◽  
Nerve Cells ◽  
Systemic Administration ◽  
Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 ◽  
Fibroblast Growth ◽  
Cord Injury

Protecting the death of nerve cells is an essential tactic for spinal cord injury (SCI) repair. Recent studies show that nerve growth factors can reduce the death of nerve cells and promote the healing of nerve injury. To investigate the conducive effect of fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) on SCI repair. FGF21 proteins were systemically delivered into rat model of SCI via tail vein injection. We found that administration of FGF21 significantly promoted the functional recovery of SCI as assessed by BBB scale and inclined plane test, and attenuated cell death in the injured area by histopathological examination with Nissl staining. This was accompanied with increased expression of NeuN, GAP43 and NF200, and deceased expression of GFAP. Interestingly, FGF21 was found to attenuate the elevated expression level of the autophagy marker LC3-II (microtubules associated protein 1 light chain 3-II) induced by SCI in a dose-dependent manner. These data show that FGF21 promotes the functional recovery of SCI via restraining injury-induced cell autophagy, suggesting that systemic administration of FGF21 could have a therapeutic potential for SCI repair.

scholarly journals Electrophysiological Properties of Substantia Gelatinosa Neurons in the Preparation of a Slice of Middle-Aged Rat Spinal Cord

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Li ◽  
Shanchu Su ◽  
Jiaqi Yu ◽  
Minjing Peng ◽  
Shengjun Wan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Patch Clamp ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Substantia Gelatinosa ◽  
Membrane Properties ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Patch Clamp Recording ◽  
Electrophysiological Properties ◽  
Glutamatergic Neurons ◽  
Single Spike

A patch-clamp recording in slices generated from the brain or the spinal cord has facilitated the exploration of neuronal circuits and the molecular mechanisms underlying neurological disorders. However, the rodents that are used to generate the spinal cord slices in previous studies involving a patch-clamp recording have been limited to those in the juvenile or adolescent stage. Here, we applied an N-methyl-D-glucamine HCl (NMDG-HCl) solution that enabled the patch-clamp recordings to be performed on the superficial dorsal horn neurons in the slices derived from middle-aged rats. The success rate of stable recordings from substantia gelatinosa (SG) neurons was 34.6% (90/260). When stimulated with long current pulses, 43.3% (39/90) of the neurons presented a tonic-firing pattern, which was considered to represent γ-aminobutyric acid-ergic (GABAergic) signals. Presumptive glutamatergic neurons presented 38.9% (35/90) delayed and 8.3% (7/90) single-spike patterns. The intrinsic membrane properties of both the neuron types were similar but delayed (glutamatergic) neurons appeared to be more excitable as indicated by the decreased latency and rheobase values of the action potential compared with those of tonic (GABAergic) neurons. Furthermore, the glutamatergic neurons were integrated, which receive more excitatory synaptic transmission. We demonstrated that the NMDG-HCl cutting solution could be used to prepare the spinal cord slices of middle-aged rodents for the patch-clamp recording. In combination with other techniques, this preparation method might permit the further study of the functions of the spinal cord in the pathological processes that occur in aging-associated diseases.

Electron Stereoscopy as a Means of Classifying Synaptic Vesicles

1971 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 525-539
Author(s):  
MARION E. DENNISON
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Olfactory Bulb ◽  
Synaptic Vesicles ◽  
Nervous Tissue ◽  
Presynaptic Terminals ◽  
Central Nervous Tissue

In addition to the well known ‘round’ synaptic vesicles, 2 distinct types of ‘flat’ vesicle have been found by electron stereoscopy of aldehyde-fixed central nervous tissue. In the goldfish spinal cord presynaptic terminals are found which contain cylindrical vesicles, and others which contain disk-shaped vesicles. In the rat olfactory bulb no cylindrical vesicles are found; all the flat vesicles there appear to be disk-shaped.

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