Esterification of butanol in a two-phase liquid-liquid system. PART I: Quaternary phase equilibria studies

AIChE Journal ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 754-761 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. N. Al-Saadi ◽  
G. V. Jeffreys
Keyword(s):  
Phase Equilibria ◽  
Liquid System ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Quaternary Phase ◽  
System Part ◽  
Phase Liquid ◽  
Quaternary Phase Equilibria

scholarly journals Thermodynamics and Machine Learning Based Approaches for Vapor–Liquid–Liquid Phase Equilibria in n-Octane/Water, as a Naphtha–Water Surrogate in Water Blends

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 413
Author(s):  
Sandra Lopez-Zamora ◽  
Jeonghoon Kong ◽  
Salvador Escobedo ◽  
Hugo de Lasa
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Phase Equilibria ◽  
Aspen Plus ◽  
Phase Region ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Technical Literature ◽  
Phase Liquid ◽  
Liquid Vapor ◽  
Vapor Liquid

The prediction of phase equilibria for hydrocarbon/water blends in separators, is a subject of considerable importance for chemical processes. Despite its relevance, there are still pending questions. Among them, is the prediction of the correct number of phases. While a stability analysis using the Gibbs Free Energy of mixing and the NRTL model, provide a good understanding with calculation issues, when using HYSYS V9 and Aspen Plus V9 software, this shows that significant phase equilibrium uncertainties still exist. To clarify these matters, n-octane and water blends, are good surrogates of naphtha/water mixtures. Runs were developed in a CREC vapor–liquid (VL_ Cell operated with octane–water mixtures under dynamic conditions and used to establish the two-phase (liquid–vapor) and three phase (liquid–liquid–vapor) domains. Results obtained demonstrate that the two phase region (full solubility in the liquid phase) of n-octane in water at 100 °C is in the 10-4 mol fraction range, and it is larger than the 10-5 mol fraction predicted by Aspen Plus and the 10-7 mol fraction reported in the technical literature. Furthermore, and to provide an effective and accurate method for predicting the number of phases, a machine learning (ML) technique was implemented and successfully demonstrated, in the present study.

scholarly journals A Method for Solubility Measurements in a Two Phase Liquid System.

1971 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 3543-3544
Author(s):  
Lars-Ingvar Staffansson ◽  
D. G. Nicholson ◽  
Bjarne Kimland ◽  
Curt R. Enzell ◽  
R. J. J. C. Lousberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid System ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Phase Liquid

Synthesis of thiol-derivatised gold nanoparticles in a two-phase Liquid–Liquid system

1994 ◽  
Vol 0 (7) ◽  
pp. 801-802 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathias Brust ◽  
Merryl Walker ◽  
Donald Bethell ◽  
David J. Schiffrin ◽  
Robin Whyman
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Liquid System ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Phase Liquid

Quaternary Phase Equilibria in the Ti-Si-N-O System: Stability of Metallization Layers and Prediction of Thin Film Reactions

1989 ◽  
Vol 148 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.S. Bhansali ◽  
R. Sinclair
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Thin Films ◽  
Phase Diagram ◽  
Phase Equilibria ◽  
System Stability ◽  
Multicomponent Systems ◽  
Phase Rule ◽  
Quaternary Phase ◽  
Circuit Fabrication ◽  
Quaternary Phase Equilibria

ABSTRACTDuring high temperature circuit fabrication, metallization layers can come in contact with both solids and gases. Their stability can be addressed with the aid of phase equilibria. Using the Gibbs phase rule as a basis, a method for generating phase diagrams for multicomponent systems can be established. This procedure is described and illustrated by reference to the quaternary phase diagram of Ti-Si-N-O. This phase diagram can then be used to predict stability and/or reactions in metallization layers and thin films.

scholarly journals Acid and enyzymatic hyrolysis of Solarium tuberosum L. Glycoalkaloids: Comparison results

2006 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 241-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nada Nikolic ◽  
Mihajlo Stankovic ◽  
Milorad Cakic
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Acid Hydrolysis ◽  
Liquid System ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Comparison Results ◽  
Phase Liquid ◽  
Comparison Of The Results ◽  
Solid Liquid ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

A comparison of the results of the acid and enzymatic hydrolysis of GA from potato haulm and tuber sprouts is presented in this paper. Different systems were used for acid hydrolysis: monophase liquid, two-phase liquid-liquid or solid-liquid and three-phase solid-liquid-liquid systems. Enzymatic hydrolysis was carried out by enzymes present in fresh haulm and fresh tuber sprouts and the fresh juice obtained from fresh plant material. The procedure of acid hydrolysis of GA from potato sprouts in a two-phase liquid-liquid system was selected as the optimal procedure for obtaining solanidine. The liquid-liquid system was composed of GA extract with hydrochloric acid as the first liquid phase and chloroform as the second liquid phase. A degree of GA hydrolysis of 96% and a solanidine yield of 1.50 g per 100 g of dried tuber sprouts after 90 minutes were then achieved.

Quaternary Phase Equilibria for scCO2+ Biophenolic Compound + Water + Ethanol

2007 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 244-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. V. M. Nunes ◽  
A. A. Matias ◽  
M. Nunes da Ponte ◽  
C. M. M. Duarte
Keyword(s):  
Phase Equilibria ◽  
Quaternary Phase ◽  
Quaternary Phase Equilibria

scholarly journals A study of the fatty acid metabolism of the yeast Pityrosporum ovale

1968 ◽  
Vol 108 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter F. Wilde ◽  
Patrick S. Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Carbon Number ◽  
Liquid System ◽  
Major Product ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Pityrosporum Ovale ◽  
Optimum Ph ◽  
Phase Liquid

The yeast Pityrosporum ovale, a skin saprophyte, will only grow if fatty acids of chain length greater than C10 are added to the culture medium. 9-Hydroxypalmitic acid is the major product of metabolism of even-carbon-number fatty acids; 9-hydroxystearic acid is also found. The optimum pH for this conversion is pH4·5. The hydroxy fatty acids produced are found bound in a polar form in the aqueous phase of the culture medium. Growth of the organisms is facilitated by presentation of the substrate as a two-phase liquid system.

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