Hydrochloric acid-catalyzed levulinic acid formation from cellulose: data and kinetic model to maximize yields

AIChE Journal ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 236-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiacheng Shen ◽  
Charles E. Wyman
Keyword(s):  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Kinetic Model ◽  
Levulinic Acid ◽  
Acid Formation ◽  
Acid Catalyzed

Kinetics of cyclization of S-ethoxycarbonylmethylisothiouronium chloride to 2-imino-4-thiazolidone

1979 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 912-917 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimír Macháček ◽  
Said A. El-bahai ◽  
Vojeslav Štěrba
Keyword(s):  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Dilute Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Base Catalysis ◽  
General Base ◽  
Rate Limiting Step ◽  
Limiting Step ◽  
Kinetics Of Formation ◽  
Acid Catalyzed ◽  
Rate Limiting ◽  
Kinetics Of

Kinetics of formation of 2-imino-4-thiazolidone from S-ethoxycarbonylmethylisothiouronium chloride has been studied in aqueous buffers and dilute hydrochloric acid. The reaction is subject to general base catalysis, the β value being 0.65. Its rate limiting step consists in acid-catalyzed splitting off of ethoxide ion from dipolar tetrahedral intermediate. At pH < 2 formation of this intermediate becomes rate-limiting; rate constant of its formation is 2 . 104 s-1.

Characteristics of Solid Super Acid SO42-/TiO2-Al2O3-SnO2 during Conversion of Glucose to Levulinic Acid

2012 ◽  
Vol 550-553 ◽  
pp. 103-106
Author(s):  
Ying Liu ◽  
Lu Lin ◽  
Xiao Yu Sui ◽  
Jun Ping Zhuang ◽  
Chun Sheng Pang
Keyword(s):  
Binding Energy ◽  
Levulinic Acid ◽  
Diffraction Peak ◽  
Catalyst Amount ◽  
Hydroxymethyl Furfural ◽  
Good Catalytic Activity ◽  
Super Acid ◽  
Diffraction Peaks ◽  
Acid Catalyzed ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

The effects of catalyst amount on the yields of levulinic and hydroxymethyl furfural were investigated during conversion of glucose to levulinic acid catalyzed by solid super acid SO42- / TiO2-Al2O3-SnO2. XRD and XPS were used to analyse the characteristics of solid super acid SO42- / TiO2-Al2O3-SnO2 before reaction and after reaction. The results showed that: solid super acid SO42- / TiO2-Al2O3-SnO2exhibited good catalytic activity in the reaction of hydrolysis of glucose to produce levulinic acid. There were three obvious peaks in these XRD spectra. The peaks on 44.6° and 67.1° were the characteristic diffraction peaks of γ-Al2O3. The anatase characteristic diffraction peak was on 37.4°. The catalyst was steady in the process. The binding energy of S 2p was similar to the binding energy of standard S6+ 2p in the S 2p XPS spectrum of solid super acid. O 1s XPS was double-peaked spectrum. The increase of element C was the main reason of inactivation of catalyst.

scholarly journals Synthesis of Furandicarboxylic Acid Esters From Nonfood Feedstocks Without Concomitant Levulinic Acid Formation

ChemSusChem ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1460-1468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frits van der Klis ◽  
Jacco van Haveren ◽  
Daan S. van Es ◽  
Johannes H. Bitter
Keyword(s):  
Levulinic Acid ◽  
Acid Formation ◽  
Furandicarboxylic Acid ◽  
Acid Esters

Methanesulfonic acid-catalyzed conversion of glucose and xylose mixtures to levulinic acid and furfural

2014 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 46-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darryn W. Rackemann ◽  
John P. Bartley ◽  
William O.S. Doherty
Keyword(s):  
Levulinic Acid ◽  
Methanesulfonic Acid ◽  
Acid Catalyzed
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