Development and characterization of pH-responsive polyethylene glycol-co-poly(methacrylic acid) polymeric network system for colon target delivery of oxaliplatin: Its acute oral toxicity study

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 1806-1822 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kashif Barkat ◽  
Mahmood Ahmad ◽  
Muhammad Usman Minhas ◽  
Ikrima Khalid ◽  
Bushra Nasir
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Methacrylic Acid ◽  
Toxicity Study ◽  
Network System ◽  
Acute Oral Toxicity ◽  
Ph Responsive ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Target Delivery ◽  
Polymeric Network

scholarly journals Acute oral toxicity study of GAL-57 (Bentazon + Dicamba) herbicide in rats

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 221-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragica Brkic ◽  
Slavica Gasic ◽  
Nesko Neskovic
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Toxicity Study ◽  
Acute Oral Toxicity ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Clinical Observations ◽  
Righting Reflex ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Observation Period

An acute oral toxicity study of the herbicide GAL-57 (Avalon), a mixture of bentazon and dicamba as active ingredients, was investigated on rats, using a new method that has been used in the past several years (2001). Clinical observations symptoms and mortality were performed for all animals in different time intervals after treatment, and gross necropsy was performed at the end of observation period. Clinical symptoms (decreased activity, prone position, abnormal limb position, decreased righting reflex, decreased grip and limb tone, decreased body and abdominal tone, dyspnoea) of marked degree were noted after administration of 2000 mg/kg, and animals were dead in the period of 30-60 minutes after the treatment. GAL-57 did not cause any clinical sings at single 300 mg/kg bw dose. The physical condition and behavior of animals (males and females) were normal, and it is not differ in reaction to the control. According to the methodology used in the present study, it could be concluded that the acute oral LD-50 value of the GAL-57 proved to be between 300 and 2000 mg/kg body weight in rats, and the product was ranked into Poison group III according to Serbian criteria, category 4 of the Global Harmonized Classification System, and Category III of the EPA classification.

scholarly journals SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF A NOVEL MUCOADHESIVE DERIVATIVE OF PSYLLIUM SEED POLYSACCHARIDE

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 166
Author(s):  
Monica R.p. Rao ◽  
Snehal R. Gaikwad ◽  
Prachi M. Shevate
Keyword(s):  
Retention Time ◽  
Acute Oral Toxicity ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Drug Release Profile ◽  
Toxicity Studies ◽  
Percent Increase ◽  
Human Use ◽  
Ellman’S Method ◽  
Thiol Functionalization

Objective: In the present study, thiol-functionalization of psyllium seed polysaccharide (PSY) was cross-linked with thioglycolic acid by esterification in an attempt to reveal the mucoadhesive properties of thiolated psyllium seed polysaccharide (TPSY).Methods: The crosslinking was carried out by the microwave-assisted method. A simplex centroid design was employed to systematically study the mucoadhesive strength, mucoadhesive retention time and drug release profile. Comparative evaluation of carbopol-based ciprofloxacin hydrochloride (HCl) tablets containing PSY and TPSY was carried out. Acute oral toxicity studies and repeated oral toxicity for TPSY were also conducted.Results: Thiol-functionalization was confirmed by-SH stretch in Fourier Transform infra-red spectra at 2353 cm-1. Thiolation was observed in thiolated PSY (TPSY) by a change in the surface morphology of psyllium from fibrous to granular and resulted in 82 %swelling in deionized water. TPSY was found to contain 102.35 mmol of thiol groups/g as determined by the Ellman’s method. The percent increase in mucoadhesive strength of TPSY was found to be 50.31 % as compared to PSY and 128.30 % as compared to carbopol. The percent increase in mucoadhesive retention time of TPSY was found to be 110 % as compared to PSY and 50 % as compared to carbopol.Conclusion: Mucoadhesion strength and mucoadhesive retention time were greater of tablets containing a higher amount of TPSY. Further, the acute oral toxicity studies and repeated oral toxicity for TPSY proved it as non-toxic and hence safe for human use.

scholarly journals Acute, Subacute, and Genotoxicity Assessments of a Proprietary Blend of Garcinia mangostana Fruit Rind and Cinnamomum tamala Leaf Extracts (CinDura®)

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Sundararaju Dodda ◽  
Venkata Krishnaraju Alluri ◽  
Trimurtulu Golakoti ◽  
Krishanu Sengupta
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Toxicity Study ◽  
Mouse Bone Marrow ◽  
Acute Oral Toxicity ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Garcinia Mangostana ◽  
Cinnamomum Tamala ◽  
Fruit Rind

The present communication describes a battery of toxicity studies that include an acute oral toxicity, a subacute twenty-eight-day repeated oral dose toxicity, and genotoxicity studies on a herbal formulation CinDura® (GMCT). This proprietary herbal composition contains the extracts of the Garcinia mangostana fruit rind (GM) and the Cinnamomum tamala leaf (CT). The toxicological evaluations were performed following the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) guidelines. The acute oral toxicity study in Wistar rats suggests that the median lethal dose of CinDura® is at least 2000 mg/kg body weight. Acute dermal and eye irritation tests in New Zealand white rabbits indicate that the test item is nonirritant to the skin and eyes. A twenty-eight-day repeated dose oral toxicity study was conducted in male and female Wistar rats using daily doses of 250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg body weight, followed by a fourteen-day reversal period for two satellite groups. The CinDura®-supplemented animals did not show any sign of toxicity on their body weights, organ weights, and on the hematobiochemical parameters. The gross pathology and histopathological examinations indicated no treatment-related changes in the experimental animals. Overall, the no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) of the herbal blend is 1000 mg/kg body weight, the highest tested dose. Also, the results of the bacterial reverse mutation test and the erythrocyte micronucleus assay in mouse bone marrow suggest that CinDura® (GMCT) is neither mutagenic nor clastogenic.

scholarly journals Acute Oral Toxicity of Pinnatoxin G in Mice

Toxins ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvio Sosa ◽  
Marco Pelin ◽  
Federica Cavion ◽  
Fabienne Hervé ◽  
Philipp Hess ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Rapid Onset ◽  
Toxicity Study ◽  
Oral Exposure ◽  
Acute Oral Toxicity ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Acute Toxicity Study

Pinnatoxin G (PnTx-G) is a marine cyclic imine toxin produced by the dinoflagellate Vulcanodinium rugosum, frequently detected in edible shellfish from Ingril Lagoon (France). As other pinnatoxins, to date, no human poisonings ascribed to consumption of PnTx-G contaminated seafood have been reported, despite its potent antagonism at nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and its high and fast-acting toxicity after intraperitoneal or oral administration in mice. The hazard characterization of PnTx-G by oral exposure is limited to a single acute toxicity study recording lethality and clinical signs in non-fasted mice treated by gavage or through voluntary food ingestion, which showed differences in PnTx-G toxic potency. Thus, an acute toxicity study was carried out using 3 h-fasted CD-1 female mice, administered by gavage with PnTx-G (8–450 µg kg−1). At the dose of 220 µg kg−1 and above, the toxin induced a rapid onset of clinical signs (piloerection, prostration, hypothermia, abdominal breathing, paralysis of the hind limbs, and cyanosis), leading to the death of mice within 30 min. Except for moderate mucosal degeneration in the small intestine recorded at doses of 300 µg kg−1, the toxin did not induce significant morphological changes in the other main organs and tissues, or alterations in blood chemistry parameters. This acute oral toxicity study allowed to calculate an oral LD50 for PnTx-G equal to 208 μg kg−1 (95% confidence limits: 155–281 µg kg−1) and to estimate a provisional NOEL of 120 µg kg−1.

Acute Oral Toxicity Study of Asiasari radix Extract in Mice

2007 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Ramesh ◽  
K. Lee ◽  
H. W. Lee ◽  
S. J. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
The Body ◽  
Toxicity Study ◽  
Acute Oral Toxicity ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Organ Weights ◽  
Icr Mice

Acute oral toxicity of methanol extract of Asiasari radix was evaluated in ICR mice of both sexes. In this study, mice were administrated orally with dosages of 1000, 3000, and 5000 mg/kg body weight of Asiasari radix extract. Mortality, signs of toxicity, body weight, food consumption, and gross findings were observed for 14 days post treatment of Asiasari radix extract. No mortality, signs of toxicity, and abnormalities in gross findings were observed. In addition, no significant differences were noticed in the body and organ weights between the control and treated groups of both sexes. These results show that the methanol extract of Asiasari radix is toxicologically safe by oral administration.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document