Polymeric Microparticles Generated via Confinement‐Free Fluid Instability

Abstract Background Although gall bladder perforation (GBP) is not common, it is considered a life-threating condition, and the possibility of occurrence in cases of acute cholecystitis must be considered. The aim of this study was to assess the role of multi-slice computed tomography (MSCT) in the assessment of GBP. Results It is a retrospective study including 19 patients that had GBP out of 147, there were 11 females (57.8%) and 8 males (42.1%), aged 42 to 79 year (mean age 60) presented with acute abdomen or acute cholecystitis. All patients were examined with abdominal ultrasonography and contrast-enhanced abdominal MSCT after written informed consent was obtained from the patients. This study was between January and December 2018. Patients with contraindications to contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) (pregnancy, acute kidney failure, or allergy to iodinated contrast agents) who underwent US only were excluded. Patients with other diagnoses, such as acute diverticulitis of the right-sided colon or acute appendicitis, were excluded. The radiological findings were evaluated such as GB distention; stones; wall thickening, enhancement, and defect; pericholecystic free fluid or collection; enhancement of liver parenchyma; and air in the wall or lumen. All CT findings are compared with the surgical results. Our results revealed that the most important and diagnostic MSCT finding in GBP is a mural defect. Nineteen patients were proved surgically to have GBP. Conclusion GBP is a rare but very serious condition and should be diagnosed and treated as soon as possible to decrease morbidity and mortality. The most accurate diagnostic tool is the CT, MSCT findings most specific and sensitive for the detection of GBP and its complications.

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Design of Sodium Alginate/Gelatin-Based Emulsion Film Fused with Polylactide Microparticles Charged with Plant Extract

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma14040745 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

pp. 745 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Weronika Prus-Walendziak ◽

Justyna Kozlowska

Keyword(s):

Sodium Alginate ◽

Plant Extract ◽

Contact Angles ◽

Polymeric Films ◽

Solvent Evaporation Method ◽

Calendula Officinalis ◽

Flower Extract ◽

Polymeric Microparticles ◽

Emulsion Film ◽

Emulsion Films

This study aimed at designing emulsion films based on sodium alginate, gelatin, and glycerol, and their modification by the addition of lipids (cottonseed oil and beeswax). Film composition with the most promising properties was further modified by the incorporation of polylactide (PLA) microparticles with Calendula officinalis flower extract. PLA microspheres were obtained by the emulsion/solvent evaporation method. The size distribution of oily particles in emulsions was investigated. Mechanical properties, moisture content, UV-Vis spectra, and the color of films were analyzed, while biophysical skin parameters were assessed after their application to the skin. Moreover, the contact angles were measured, and the surface free energy of polymeric films was determined. An investigation of the amount of Calendula officinalis flower extract which can be incorporated into PLA microparticles was performed. The modification of the composition of films significantly influenced their physicochemical properties. The selected active ingredient in the form of plant extract was successfully incorporated into polymeric microparticles that were further added into the developed emulsion film. The condition of the skin after the application of obtained emulsion films improved. The prepared materials, especially containing microparticles with plant extract, can be considered for designing new cosmetic forms, such as cosmetic masks, as well as new topical formulations for pharmaceutical delivery.

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Traumatic Gallbladder Perforation in Children – Case Report and Review

RöFo - Fortschritte auf dem Gebiet der Röntgenstrahlen und der bildgebenden Verfahren ◽

10.1055/a-1339-1904 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Melanie Thanh Phuong Le ◽

Jochen Herrmann ◽

Michael Groth ◽

Konrad Reinshagen ◽

Michael Boettcher

Keyword(s):

Case Report ◽

Abdominal Trauma ◽

Blunt Abdominal Trauma ◽

Recent Literature ◽

Signs And Symptoms ◽

Gallbladder Wall ◽

Gallbladder Perforation ◽

Free Fluid ◽

Key Points ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Background Gallbladder perforation is a very rare finding in children. Clinical and radiografic presentations are often vague. Hence it is a challenging diagnosis, often missed during initial evaluation with potentially fatal consequences. The aim of this case report and review was to identify factors that might help to diagnose and manage future cases. Methods We present a case of gallbladder perforation in an 8-year-old child after blunt abdominal trauma caused by a handlebar in which imaging modalities such as ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) helped us to determine proper management. We identified and evaluated comparable cases for isolated traumatic gallbladder injury. A review of the recent literature was performed by online search in Pubmed and Google Scholar using “gallbladder injury in children”, “gallbladder perforation children”, “blunt abdominal trauma children” as keywords. We focused on articles exclusively in the pediatric section. The literature from the period 2000–2020 was taken into account to review the state of the art in diagnosis and management. Results and Conclusion Recent literature for gallbladder injury in pediatrics is sparse compared to the adult counterpart. Only eight published cases of isolated gallbladder injury in children were identified. Since the onset of symptoms may not develop acutely and often develops in an indistinct manner, radiografic examinations play an important role in the diagnostic progress. The authors advise caution in cases of blunt abdominal trauma especially involving handlebars, intraperitoneal free fluid, and severe abdominal pain. We advocate high suspicion of gallbladder perforation if the gallbladder wall displays discontinuation or cannot be definitively differentiated in sonografic examination. Echogenic fluid within the gallbladder should always lead to suspicion of intraluminal bleeding. Repeated clinical and imaging examinations are mandatory since the onset of signs and symptoms may be delayed. Key Points: Citation Format

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Point of Care Neonatal Ultrasound in Late-Onset Neonatal Sepsis

Journal of Neonatology ◽

10.1177/09732179211007599 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 097321792110075

Author(s):

Rameshwor Yengkhom ◽

Pradeep Suryawanshi ◽

Rahul Murugkar ◽

Bhavya Gupta ◽

Sujata Deshpande ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Neonatal Sepsis ◽

Late Onset ◽

Point Of Care ◽

Cardiac Contractility ◽

Free Fluid ◽

Ultrasound Screening ◽

Laboratory Findings ◽

Late Onset Sepsis ◽

Pulmonary Arterial ◽

Neonatal Care Unit

Background and Objectives: Point of care neonatal ultrasound is a useful tool in evaluation of heart, brain, lungs, and abdomen in neonatal sepsis. The objective of our study was to perform bedside ultrasound screening of heart, brain, lungs, and abdomen in neonates with late onset culture positive sepsis and study the patterns of abnormalities and also their role in change of patient management. Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted at a tertiary level neonatal care unit from March 2017 to May 2018. All neonates with suspected late onset sepsis on the basis of clinical and laboratory findings underwent point of care neonatal ultrasound of heart, brain, lungs, and abdomen. Results: Of 153 suspected and eligible late-onset neonatal sepsis (LONS) cases, 67 (44%) had positive blood culture and were analyzed. Of this 67 neonates, 30 (45%) had abnormal neurosonography, 38 (57%) had abnormal cardiac output, 14 (20%) had abnormal cardiac contractility, 17 (25%) had abnormal pulmonary pressure, 18 (27%) had pulmonary arterial hypertension, 19 (28%) had pneumonia, and 7 (10%) had free fluid in abdomen. Clinical management was changed in 26 (39%) neonates. Conclusion: Bedside point of care neonatal ultrasound is a useful tool in assessment of heart, brain, lungs, and abdomen in a LONS. It could help in making appropriate decisions in the management, and therefore potentially reduce morbidity and mortality.

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A Surprisingly Gentle Approach to Cavity Containing Spherocylindrical Microparticles from Ordinary Polymer Dispersions in Flow

Materials Horizons ◽

10.1039/d1mh01108a ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Amit K. Tripathi ◽

John G. Tsavalas

Keyword(s):

Internal Cavity ◽

Polymeric Microparticles ◽

Polymer Dispersions

Herein, we demonstrate a facile approach to fully transform spherical polymeric microparticles to elongated spherocylinders containing an internal cavity under ambient and mild stirring conditions. Critical to the process is...

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Peritoneal well-differentiated papillary mesothelioma associated with infertility in a 37-year-old woman

Journal of International Medical Research ◽

10.1177/0300060520986680 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 49 (1) ◽

pp. 030006052098668

Author(s):

Bo Pang ◽

Cong Hu ◽

Qian Liu ◽

Jinyu Yu ◽

Zhentong Wei ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Benign Tumors ◽

Free Fluid ◽

Adenomatoid Tumor ◽

Cancer Antigen 125 ◽

Immunohistochemical Markers ◽

Serum Ca125 ◽

Life Threatening ◽

Well Differentiated ◽

The Right

Well-differentiated papillary mesothelioma (WDPM) is an uncommon mesothelial tumor. The lesions may be single or multiple and usually behave in a benign or indolent fashion, sometimes persisting for many years. In the present case, a 37-year-old woman had experienced primary infertility for 12 years, and a diagnostic laparoscopy was performed. Approximately 200 mL of dark red, free fluid in the pelvis and more than 10 yellow-white nodules on the surface of the right round ligament, sacrum ligament, right fallopian tube, and both sides of the uterus were found. A lesionectomy was performed and immunohistochemical markers indicated WDPM with adenomatoid tumor. The patient was monitored by computed tomography and serum CA125 (cancer antigen 125) levels for 49 months with no recurrence. WDPM and adenomatoid tumor are both benign tumors of mesothelial origin. Because of the lack of effective radical treatment, regular follow-up is sufficient. However, the effects of estrogen and progesterone on WDPM and adenomatoid tumors during ovulation or pregnancy remains unclear. Although WDPM is not life threatening, a strategy to fulfill the fertility requirements of women with this condition is a new challenge for infertility doctors.

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Composite proton exchange membranes produced using chitosan and kaolin solvent-free fluid

Journal of Polymer Engineering ◽

10.1515/polyeng-2019-0332 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 40 (6) ◽

pp. 495-506

Author(s):

Chun-Chun Huang ◽

Syang-Peng Rwei ◽

Yun-Shao Huang ◽

Yao-Chi Shu

Keyword(s):

Direct Methanol Fuel Cells ◽

Composite Membranes ◽

Proton Exchange ◽

Solvent Free ◽

Free Fluid ◽

Exchange Method ◽

Polymer Substrates ◽

Practical Applications ◽

Inorganic Substances ◽

Electrolyte Membranes

AbstractIn this study, composite membranes produced by combining both biopolymer chitosan (CS) and kaolin solvent-free fluid (kaolin-SF) were used as substitutes for the electrolyte membranes in direct-methanol fuel cells. To improve the interfacial morphologies between organic and inorganic substances, kaolin-SF was prepared using the ion exchange method. Subsequently, kaolin-SF of various doping proportions was mixed with CS crosslinked with sulfuric acid to produce thin membranes. The results of heat exhaustion and scanning electron microscope image analysis indicated that kaolin-SF was successfully doped into the CS polymer substrates, and this addition enhanced the thermal stability and mechanical properties of the CS polymer substrates. As long as the concentration of kaolin-SF was below 5 wt.%, the water absorption rate and proton conductivity of the CS/kaolin-SF composite membranes increased along with the kaolin-SF content. These results indicate that CS/kaolin-SF composite membranes are suitable for practical applications.

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