scholarly journals Combinatorial Strategy for Studying Biochemical Pathways in Double Emulsion Templated Cell‐Sized Compartments

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (48) ◽  
pp. 2004804
Author(s):  
Elena C. Santos ◽  
Andrea Belluati ◽  
Danut Necula ◽  
Dominik Scherrer ◽  
Claire E. Meyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Double Emulsion ◽  
Biochemical Pathways ◽  
Combinatorial Strategy

Biochemical Pathways and Myometrial Cell Differentiation Leading to Nodule Formation Containing Collagen and Fibronectin

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liping Feng ◽  
Friederike Jayes ◽  
Lauren Johnson ◽  
David Schomberg ◽  
Phyllis Leppert
Keyword(s):  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Nodule Formation ◽  
Myometrial Cell ◽  
Biochemical Pathways

Parameter Estimation By Using An Improved Bee Memory Differential Evolution Algorithm (Ibmde) To Simulate Biochemical Pathways

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (999) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Chuii Khim Chong ◽  
Mohd Saberi Mohamad ◽  
Safaai Deris ◽  
Mohd Shahir Shamsir ◽  
Lian En Chai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parameter Estimation ◽  
Differential Evolution ◽  
Differential Evolution Algorithm ◽  
Biochemical Pathways ◽  
Evolution Algorithm

scholarly journals ‘Whole Organism’, Systems Biology, and Top-Down Criteria for Evaluating Scenarios for the Origin of Life

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 690
Author(s):  
Clifford F. Brunk ◽  
Charles R. Marshall
Keyword(s):  
Origin Of Life ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Chemical Systems ◽  
Biochemical Pathways ◽  
The Origin Of Life ◽  
Energy And Material Flows ◽  
Complex Scenario ◽  
Life On Earth ◽  
Physical Laws ◽  
Equilibrium Chemical

While most advances in the study of the origin of life on Earth (OoLoE) are piecemeal, tested against the laws of chemistry and physics, ultimately the goal is to develop an overall scenario for life’s origin(s). However, the dimensionality of non-equilibrium chemical systems, from the range of possible boundary conditions and chemical interactions, renders the application of chemical and physical laws difficult. Here we outline a set of simple criteria for evaluating OoLoE scenarios. These include the need for containment, steady energy and material flows, and structured spatial heterogeneity from the outset. The Principle of Continuity, the fact that all life today was derived from first life, suggests favoring scenarios with fewer non-analog (not seen in life today) to analog (seen in life today) transitions in the inferred first biochemical pathways. Top-down data also indicate that a complex metabolism predated ribozymes and enzymes, and that full cellular autonomy and motility occurred post-LUCA. Using these criteria, we find the alkaline hydrothermal vent microchamber complex scenario with a late evolving exploitation of the natural occurring pH (or Na+ gradient) by ATP synthase the most compelling. However, there are as yet so many unknowns, we also advocate for the continued development of as many plausible scenarios as possible.

scholarly journals Our Evolving Understanding of ME/CFS

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth J. Friedman ◽  
Modra Murovska ◽  
Derek F. H. Pheby ◽  
Paweł Zalewski
Keyword(s):  
Active Phase ◽  
Case Definitions ◽  
Diagnostic Laboratory ◽  
Biochemical Pathways ◽  
Patient Organizations ◽  
Clinical Consequences ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Multiple Case ◽  
Use Of The Internet ◽  
The Uk

The potential benefits of the scientific insights gleaned from years of treating ME/CFS for the emerging symptoms of COVID-19, and in particular Longhaul- or Longhauler-COVID-19 are discussed in this opinion article. Longhaul COVID-19 is the current name being given to the long-term sequelae (symptoms lasting beyond 6 weeks) of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Multiple case definitions for ME/CFS exist, but post-exertional malaise (PEM) is currently emerging as the ‘hallmark’ symptom. The inability to identify a unique trigger of ME/CFS, as well as the inability to identify a specific, diagnostic laboratory test, led many physicians to conclude that the illness was psychosomatic or non-existent. However, recent research in the US and the UK, championed by patient organizations and their use of the internet and social media, suggest underlying pathophysiologies, e.g., oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. The similarity and overlap of ME/CFS and Longhaul COVID-19 symptoms suggest to us similar pathological processes. We put forward a unifying hypothesis that explains the precipitating events such as viral triggers and other documented exposures: For their overlap in symptoms, ME/CFS and Longhaul COVID-19 should be described as Post Active Phase of Infection Syndromes (PAPIS). We further propose that the underlying biochemical pathways and pathophysiological processes of similar symptoms are similar regardless of the initiating trigger. Exploration of the biochemical pathways and pathophysiological processes should yield effective therapies for these conditions and others that may exhibit these symptoms. ME/CFS patients have suffered far too long. Longhaul COVD-19 patients should not be subject to a similar fate. We caution that failure to meet the now combined challenges of ME/CFS and Longhaul COVID-19 will impose serious socioeconomic as well as clinical consequences for patients, the families of patients, and society as a whole.

scholarly journals General Unified Microbiome Profiling Pipeline (GUMPP) for Large Scale, Streamlined and Reproducible Analysis of Bacterial 16S rRNA Data to Predicted Microbial Metagenomes, Enzymatic Reactions and Metabolic Pathways

Metabolites ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 336
Author(s):  
Boštjan Murovec ◽  
Leon Deutsch ◽  
Blaž Stres
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Enzymatic Reactions ◽  
Operational Taxonomic Units ◽  
Biochemical Pathways ◽  
Meaningful Information ◽  
Novel Biomarkers ◽  
Reproducible Analysis ◽  
Microbiome Profiling

General Unified Microbiome Profiling Pipeline (GUMPP) was developed for large scale, streamlined and reproducible analysis of bacterial 16S rRNA data and prediction of microbial metagenomes, enzymatic reactions and metabolic pathways from amplicon data. GUMPP workflow introduces reproducible data analyses at each of the three levels of resolution (genus; operational taxonomic units (OTUs); amplicon sequence variants (ASVs)). The ability to support reproducible analyses enables production of datasets that ultimately identify the biochemical pathways characteristic of disease pathology. These datasets coupled to biostatistics and mathematical approaches of machine learning can play a significant role in extraction of truly significant and meaningful information from a wide set of 16S rRNA datasets. The adoption of GUMPP in the gut-microbiota related research enables focusing on the generation of novel biomarkers that can lead to the development of mechanistic hypotheses applicable to the development of novel therapies in personalized medicine.

scholarly journals Nanoparticle Delivered Anti-miR-141-3p for Stroke Therapy

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1011
Author(s):  
Karishma Dhuri ◽  
Rutesh N. Vyas ◽  
Leslie Blumenfeld ◽  
Rajkumar Verma ◽  
Raman Bahal
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Double Emulsion ◽  
Artery Occlusion ◽  
Brain Parenchyma ◽  
Confocal Imaging ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Stroke Therapy ◽  
Systemic Delivery

Ischemic stroke and factors modifying ischemic stroke responses, such as social isolation, contribute to long-term disability worldwide. Several studies demonstrated that the aberrant levels of microRNAs contribute to ischemic stroke injury. In prior studies, we established that miR-141-3p increases after ischemic stroke and post-stroke isolation. Herein, we explored two different anti-miR oligonucleotides; peptide nucleic acid (PNAs) and phosphorothioates (PS) for ischemic stroke therapy. We used US FDA approved biocompatible poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)-based nanoparticle formulations for delivery. The PNA and PS anti-miRs were encapsulated in PLGA nanoparticles by double emulsion solvent evaporation technique. All the formulated nanoparticles showed uniform morphology, size, distribution, and surface charge density. Nanoparticles also exhibited a controlled nucleic acid release profile for 48 h. Further, we performed in vivo studies in the mouse model of ischemic stroke. Ischemic stroke was induced by transient (60 min) occlusion of middle cerebral artery occlusion followed by a reperfusion for 48 or 72 h. We assessed the blood-brain barrier permeability of PLGA NPs containing fluorophore (TAMRA) anti-miR probe after systemic delivery. Confocal imaging shows uptake of fluorophore tagged anti-miR in the brain parenchyma. Next, we evaluated the therapeutic efficacy after systemic delivery of nanoparticles containing PNA and PS anti-miR-141-3p in mice after stroke. Post-treatment differentially reduced both miR-141-3p levels in brain tissue and infarct injury. We noted PNA-based anti-miR showed superior efficacy compared to PS-based anti-miR. Herein, we successfully established that nanoparticles encapsulating PNA or PS-based anti-miRs-141-3p probes could be used as a potential treatment for ischemic stroke.

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