3D Printing of Free Standing Liquid Metal Microstructures

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (36) ◽  
pp. 5081-5085 ◽  
Author(s):  
Collin Ladd ◽  
Ju-Hee So ◽  
John Muth ◽  
Michael D. Dickey
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Liquid Metal ◽  
Free Standing

scholarly journals Microstructures: 3D Printing of Free Standing Liquid Metal Microstructures (Adv. Mater. 36/2013)

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (36) ◽  
pp. 4953-4953 ◽  
Author(s):  
Collin Ladd ◽  
Ju-Hee So ◽  
John Muth ◽  
Michael D. Dickey
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Liquid Metal ◽  
Free Standing

scholarly journals On-Chip Fabrication and In-Flow 3D-Printing of Cell-Laden Microgel Constructs: From Chip to Scaffold Materials in One Integral Process

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan Förster ◽  
Jürgen Groll ◽  
Benjamin Reineke ◽  
Stephan Hauschild ◽  
Ilona Paulus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Cell Protection ◽  
Free Standing ◽  
Produce Cell ◽  
Chip Fabrication ◽  
Integral Process ◽  
Scaffold Materials ◽  
On Chip

Bioprinting has evolved into a thriving technology for the fabrication of cell-laden scaffolds. Bioinks are the most critical component for bioprinting. Recently, microgels have been introduced as a very promising bioink enabling cell protection and the control of the cellular microenvironment. However, their microfluidic fabrication inherently seemed to be a limitation. Here we introduce a direct coupling of microfluidics and 3D-printing for the microfluidic production of cell-laden microgels with direct in-flow bioprinting into stable scaffolds. The methodology enables the continuous on-chip encapsulation of cells into monodisperse microdroplets with subsequent in-flow cross-linking to produce cell-laden microgels, which after exiting a microtubing are automatically jammed into thin continuous microgel filaments. The integration into a 3D printhead allows direct in-flow printing of the filaments into free-standing three-dimensional scaffolds. The method is demonstrated for different cross-linking methods and cell lines. With this advancement, microfluidics is no longer a bottleneck for biofabrication. <br>

scholarly journals Liquid Metal Direct Write and 3D Printing: A Review

2020 ◽  
pp. 2000070
Author(s):  
Taylor V. Neumann ◽  
Michael D. Dickey
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Liquid Metal ◽  
Direct Write

3D printing vertically: Direct ink writing free-standing pillar arrays

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 16-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Nan ◽  
Francisco J. Galindo-Rosales ◽  
José M.F. Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Free Standing ◽  
Direct Ink Writing ◽  
Pillar Arrays

Flexible Strain Sensor Using Additive Manufacturing and Conductive Liquid Metal: Design, Fabrication, and Characterization

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Austin Smith ◽  
Hamzeh Bardaweel
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Liquid Metal ◽  
Strain Sensor ◽  
Gauge Factor ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Conductive Liquid ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Flexible Strain Sensor

In this work a flexible strain sensor is fabricated using Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) 3D printing technique. The strain sensor is fabricated using commercially available flexible Thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU) filaments and liquid metal Galinstan Ga 68.5% In 21% Sn 10%. The strain sensor consists of U-shape 2.34mm long and 0.2mm deep channels embedded inside a TPU 3D printed structure. The performance of the strain sensor is measured experimentally. Gauge Factor is estimated by measuring change in electric resistance when the sensor is subject to 13.2% – 38.6% strain. Upon straining and unstraining, results from characterization tests show high linearity in the range of 13.2% to 38.6% strain with very little hysteresis. However, changes due to permanent deformations are a limiting factor in the usefulness of these sensors because these changes limit the consistency of the device. FDM 3D printing shows promise as a method for fabricating flexible strain sensors. However, more investigation is needed to look at the effects of geometries and 3D printing process parameters on the yield elongation of the flexible filaments. Additionally, more investigation is needed to observe the effect of distorted dimensions of the 3D printed channels on the sensitivity of the strain sensor. It is anticipated that successful implementation of these commercially available filaments and FDM 3D printers will lead to reduction in cost and complexity of developing these flexible sensors.

scholarly journals On-Chip Fabrication and In-Flow 3D-Printing of Cell-Laden Microgel Constructs: From Chip to Scaffold Materials in One Integral Process

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan Förster ◽  
Jürgen Groll ◽  
Benjamin Reineke ◽  
Stephan Hauschild ◽  
Ilona Paulus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Cell Protection ◽  
Free Standing ◽  
Produce Cell ◽  
Chip Fabrication ◽  
Integral Process ◽  
Scaffold Materials ◽  
On Chip

Bioprinting has evolved into a thriving technology for the fabrication of cell-laden scaffolds. Bioinks are the most critical component for bioprinting. Recently, microgels have been introduced as a very promising bioink enabling cell protection and the control of the cellular microenvironment. However, their microfluidic fabrication inherently seemed to be a limitation. Here we introduce a direct coupling of microfluidics and 3D-printing for the microfluidic production of cell-laden microgels with direct in-flow bioprinting into stable scaffolds. The methodology enables the continuous on-chip encapsulation of cells into monodisperse microdroplets with subsequent in-flow cross-linking to produce cell-laden microgels, which after exiting a microtubing are automatically jammed into thin continuous microgel filaments. The integration into a 3D printhead allows direct in-flow printing of the filaments into free-standing three-dimensional scaffolds. The method is demonstrated for different cross-linking methods and cell lines. With this advancement, microfluidics is no longer a bottleneck for biofabrication. <br>

Direct 3D Printing of Stretchable Circuits via Liquid Metal Co‐Extrusion Within Thermoplastic Filaments

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 1900060 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad A. H. Khondoker ◽  
Adam Ostashek ◽  
Dan Sameoto
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Liquid Metal ◽  
Stretchable Circuits

scholarly journals Automatic Morphology Control of Liquid Metal using a Combined Electrochemical and Feedback Control Approach

Micromachines ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Li ◽  
Hisham Mohamed Cassim Mohamed Anver ◽  
Yuxin Zhang ◽  
Shi-Yang Tang ◽  
Weihua Li
Keyword(s):  
Feedback Control ◽  
Liquid Metal ◽  
Liquid Metals ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide Solution ◽  
Metal Droplet ◽  
Electrochemical Technique ◽  
Free Standing ◽  
Control Approach ◽  
Precise Control ◽  
Liquid Metal Droplet

Gallium-based liquid metal alloys have been attracting attention from both industry and academia as soft, deformable, reconfigurable and multifunctional materials in microfluidic, electronic and electromagnetic devices. Although various technologies have been explored to control the morphology of liquid metals, there is still a lack of methods that can achieve precise morphological control over a free-standing liquid metal droplet without the use of mechanical confinement. Electrochemical manipulation can be relatively easy to apply to liquid metals, but there is a need for techniques that can enable automatic and precise control. Here, we investigate the use of an electrochemical technique combined with a feedback control system to automatically and precisely control the morphology of a free-standing liquid metal droplet in a sodium hydroxide solution. We establish a proof-of-concept platform controlled by a microcontroller to demonstrate the reconfiguration of a liquid metal droplet to desired patterns. We expect that this method will be further developed to realize future reconfigurable liquid metal-enabled soft robots.

3D Printing of Free-Standing “O2 Breathable” Air Electrodes for High-Capacity and Long-Life Na–O2 Batteries

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (7) ◽  
pp. 3018-3027 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoting Lin ◽  
Jiwei Wang ◽  
Xuejie Gao ◽  
Sizhe Wang ◽  
Qian Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Free Standing ◽  
Long Life
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