Conductive Composite Fiber with Optimized Alignment Guides Neural Regeneration under Electrical Stimulation

2020 ◽  
pp. 2000604
Author(s):  
Jin Zhang ◽  
Xi Zhang ◽  
Chenyu Wang ◽  
Feihan Li ◽  
Ziwen Qiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Composite Fiber ◽  
Neural Regeneration ◽  
Conductive Composite

scholarly journals Effect of electrical stimulation on neural regeneration via the p38-RhoA and ERK1/2-Bcl-2 pathways in spinal cord-injured rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 340 ◽  
Author(s):  
MoonYoung Lee ◽  
MinCheol Joo ◽  
ChulHwan Jang ◽  
JongTae Park ◽  
SeungWon Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Neural Regeneration ◽  
Spinal Cord Injured

scholarly journals Can Early Electrical Stimulation Accelerates the Neural Regeneration by Increasing the Expression of BDNF and GDNF in Distal Part of Injured Peripheral Nerve? An Animal Experimental Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (A) ◽  
pp. 1006-1010
Author(s):  
Agus Roy Rusly Hariantana Hamid ◽  
Sri Maliawan ◽  
DPG Purwa Samatra ◽  
I Nyoman Mantik Astawa ◽  
I Made Bakta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Sciatic Nerve ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Glial Cell ◽  
Neurotrophic Factors ◽  
Neurotrophic Factor ◽  
Distal Part ◽  
Neural Regeneration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Distal Nerve

BACKGROUND: The role of neurotrophic factors (brain-derived neurotrophic factors and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factors) and early electrical stimulation (EES) in the injured nerve has found promising in several studies. However, there is still limited knowledge about the effect of EES in the distal part of the nerve to sustain this level of expression of growth factors. AIM: We aim to evaluate the effects of EES in in neural regeneration by measuring the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) in animal model. METHODS: The research was conducted starting from April to May 2021 using male Wistar rats. Using general anesthesia, the sciatic nerve was cut. The intervention group was treated with EES in the distal stump, right after nerve resection (20 Hz, 1–2 mA, 2–5 s), while the control group received no treatment after nerve resection. A reoperation on day 3 was performed in both groups to measure BDNF and GDNF expression level of the distal nerve tissue by ELISA as well as histopathological examination of sprouting axons of the injured proximal nerve. RESULTS: A total of 32 samples were included in the study. A statistically significant levels of GDNF is found higher in the EES group (n = 16) than the control group (n = 16) (35. 71 pg/100 mg, confidence interval (CI) 95% 23.93, 47.48, p < 0.05). The number of sprouting axons is found lower in the EES group (p < 0.05). The BDNF level is similar between the two groups, however not significant. After a subgroup analysis, it was found that the greater the level of GDNF, the fewer the axon sprouts in both groups (fewer axon group 58.35 [n = 22, CI 95% 45.14, 71.55] vs. more axon group 47.14 [n = 10, CI 95% 35.33, 58.95]), p < 0.05. CONCLUSION: The EES proves its benefit in accelerating the axonal regeneration by increasing the expression GDNF in the distal nerve stumps in the electrical excited degenerated sciatic nerve in the rat model.

Ultrahigh energy fiber-shaped supercapacitors based on porous hollow conductive polymer composite fiber electrodes

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (26) ◽  
pp. 12250-12258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yangfan Zhang ◽  
Xiyue Zhang ◽  
Kang Yang ◽  
Xuliang Fan ◽  
Yexiang Tong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Polymer Composite ◽  
Conductive Polymer ◽  
Composite Fiber ◽  
Ultrahigh Energy ◽  
Composite Fibers ◽  
Conductive Composite ◽  
Conductive Polymer Composite

Porous, hollow, and conductive composite fibers are developed for fiber-shaped supercapacitors with unprecedented cycling durability and an ultrahigh energy density of 1.55 mW h cm−3.

scholarly journals Electrical Stimulation Promotes Stem Cell Neural Differentiation in Tissue Engineering

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Hong Cheng ◽  
Yan Huang ◽  
Hangqi Yue ◽  
Yubo Fan
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Neural Differentiation ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Neural Tissue ◽  
Neural Regeneration ◽  
Neural Tissue Engineering ◽  
Conductive Materials

Nerve injuries and neurodegenerative disorders remain serious challenges, owing to the poor treatment outcomes of in situ neural stem cell regeneration. The most promising treatment for such injuries and disorders is stem cell-based therapies, but there remain obstacles in controlling the differentiation of stem cells into fully functional neuronal cells. Various biochemical and physical approaches have been explored to improve stem cell-based neural tissue engineering, among which electrical stimulation has been validated as a promising one both in vitro and in vivo. Here, we summarize the most basic waveforms of electrical stimulation and the conductive materials used for the fabrication of electroactive substrates or scaffolds in neural tissue engineering. Various intensities and patterns of electrical current result in different biological effects, such as enhancing the proliferation, migration, and differentiation of stem cells into neural cells. Moreover, conductive materials can be used in delivering electrical stimulation to manipulate the migration and differentiation of stem cells and the outgrowth of neurites on two- and three-dimensional scaffolds. Finally, we also discuss the possible mechanisms in enhancing stem cell neural differentiation using electrical stimulation. We believe that stem cell-based therapies using biocompatible conductive scaffolds under electrical stimulation and biochemical induction are promising for neural regeneration.

The “KIMWIPE” Effect in Ultra-Thin Cryosections

1985 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 458-459
Author(s):  
I. Taylor ◽  
P. Ingram ◽  
J.R. Sommer
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Muscle Fibers ◽  
Ice Crystals ◽  
Crystal Formation ◽  
Ice Crystal ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Fibers ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Ice Crystal Formation

In studying quick-frozen single intact skeletal muscle fibers for structural and microchemical alterations that occur milliseconds, and fractions thereof, after electrical stimulation, we have developed a method to compare, directly, ice crystal formation in freeze-substituted thin sections adjacent to all, and beneath the last, freeze-dried cryosections. We have observed images in the cryosections that to our knowledge have not been published heretofore (Figs.1-4). The main features are that isolated, sometimes large regions of the sections appear hazy and have much less contrast than adjacent regions. Sometimes within the hazy regions there are smaller areas that appear crinkled and have much more contrast. We have also observed that while the hazy areas remain still, the regions of higher contrast visibly contract in the beam, often causing tears in the sections that are clearly not caused by ice crystals (Fig.3, arrows).

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