Understanding the Data: Health Indicators in Disease Surveillance

2007 ◽  
pp. 41-90
Keyword(s):  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Health Indicators

scholarly journals Laboratory-Guided Detection of Disease Outbreaks: Three Generations of Surveillance Systems

2009 ◽  
Vol 133 (6) ◽  
pp. 916-925 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vitali Sintchenko ◽  
Blanca Gallego
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Public Health Monitoring ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
Publication Language

Abstract Context.—Traditional biothreat surveillance systems are vulnerable to incomplete and delayed reporting of public health threats. Objective.—To review current and emerging approaches to detection and monitoring of biothreats enabled by laboratory methods of diagnosis and to identify trends in the biosurveillance research. Data Sources.—PubMed (1995 to December 2007) was searched with the combined search terms “surveillance” and “infectious diseases.” Additional articles were identified by hand searching the bibliographies of selected papers. Additional search terms were “public health,” “disease monitoring,” “cluster,” “outbreak,” “laboratory notification,” “molecular,” “detection,” “evaluation,” “genomics,” “communicable diseases,” “geographic information systems,” “bioterrorism,” “genotyping,” and “informatics.” Publication language was restricted to English. The bibliographies of key references were later hand searched to identify articles missing in the database search. Three approaches to infectious disease surveillance that involve clinical laboratories are contrasted: (1) laboratory-initiated infectious disease notifications, (2) syndromic surveillance based on health indicators, and (3) genotyping based surveillance of biothreats. Advances in molecular diagnostics enable rapid genotyping of biothreats and investigations of genes that were not previously identifiable by traditional methods. There is a need for coordination between syndromic and laboratory-based surveillance. Insufficient and delayed decision support and inadequate integration of surveillance signals into action plans remain the 2 main barriers to efficient public health monitoring and response. Decision support for public health users of biosurveillance alerts is often lacking. Conclusions.—The merger of the 3 scientific fields of surveillance, genomics, and informatics offers an opportunity for the development of effective and rapid biosurveillance methods and tools.

scholarly journals Non-communicable Disease Surveillance in Malaysia: An Overview of Existing Systems and Priorities Going Forward

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arunah Chandran ◽  
Shurendar Selva Kumar ◽  
Noran Naqiah Hairi ◽  
Wah Yun Low ◽  
Feisul Idzwan Mustapha
Keyword(s):  
Health System ◽  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
System Capacity ◽  
World Health ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
Monitoring Framework ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Non Communicable Disease

In 2012, the World Health Organization (WHO) set a comprehensive set of nine global voluntary targets, including the landmark “25 by 25” mortality reduction target, and 25 indicators. WHO has also highlighted the importance of Non-Communicable Disease (NCD) surveillance as a key action by Member States in addressing NCDs. This study aimed to examine the current national NCD surveillance tools, activities and performance in Malaysia based on the WHO Global Monitoring Framework for NCDs and to highlight gaps and priorities moving forward. A desk review was conducted from August to October in 2020, to examine the current national NCD surveillance activities in Malaysia from multiple sources. Policy and program documents relating to NCD surveillance in Malaysia from 2010 to 2020 were identified and analyzed. The findings of this review are presented according to the three major themes of the Global Monitoring Framework: monitoring of exposure/risk factor, monitoring of outcomes and health system capacity/response. Currently, there is a robust monitoring system for NCD Surveillance in Malaysia for indicators that are monitored by the WHO NCD Global Monitoring Framework, particularly for outcome and exposure monitoring. However, Malaysia still lacks data for the surveillance of the health system indicators of the framework. Although Malaysia has an NCD surveillance in place that is adequate for the WHO NCD Global Monitoring Framework, there are areas that require strengthening. The country must also look beyond these set of indicators in view of the increasing burden and impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. This includes incorporating mental health indicators and leveraging on alternate sources of data relating to behaviors.

scholarly journals Improving Local Non-Communicable Disease Surveillance within a Changing Data Environment

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison Young ◽  
Mike D. Fliss ◽  
Amy Ising
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Situational Awareness ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Noncommunicable Disease ◽  
Local Health ◽  
The North ◽  
Trend Data

This project aims to fill a growing county-level health data gap, increase noncommunicable disease surveillance capacity within North Carolina local health departments (LHDs), and improve situational awareness through the development of a low-cost, Excel-based surveillance tool. This prototype utilizes emergency room data collected by the North Carolina Disease Event Tracking and Epidemiologic Collection Tool (NC DETECT), a state-wide surveillance system, in order to visualize, monitor, and compare local health indicators. An Excel template is in development that will allow (NC DETECT) 166 registered LHD users to select common health indicators, pull annual trend data, and visualize them through meaningful reports.

scholarly journals Integrated Disease Surveillance to Reduce Data Fragmentation – An Application to Malaria Control

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate Zinszer ◽  
Arash Shaban-Nejad ◽  
Sonia Menon ◽  
Anya Okhmatovskaia ◽  
Lauren Carroll ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Common Knowledge ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Surveillance Data ◽  
Prototype System ◽  
Effective Implementation ◽  
Data Fragmentation ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Knowledge Platform

The lack of access to timely health indicators can preclude the design and the effective implementation of infectious diseases control interventions. Our project aims to foster the integration of existing surveillance data to support evidence-based decision-making in malaria. The cornerstone of our approach is the use of a common knowledge platform to scale-up and extend structural and semantic mapping across existing data sources to other geographical regions and global health priority diseases. Upon completion of our project, we will have designed an open-access prototype system capable of sharing comparable surveillance data within and across countries

Health Indicators for Conflict Prevention

2002 ◽  
Vol 17 (S2) ◽  
pp. S35
Author(s):  
Rashid A. Chotani ◽  
Jason M. M. Spangler
Keyword(s):  
Health Indicators ◽  
Conflict Prevention

Development and Psychometric Evaluation of a Revised Sense of Coherence Scale

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 206-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahel Bachem ◽  
Andreas Maercker
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Growth ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Sense Of Coherence ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Psychometric Evaluation ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Structure Stability ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Reliability Factor ◽  
Two Samples

Abstract. The present study introduces a revised Sense of Coherence (SOC) scale, a new conceptualization and operationalization of the resilience indicator SOC. It outlines the scale development and aims for testing its reliability, factor structure, and validity. Literature on Antonovsky’s SOC (SOC-A) was critically reviewed to identify needs for improving the scale. The scale was investigated in two samples. Sample 1 consisted of 334 bereaved participants, Sample 2 of 157 healthy controls. The revised SOC Scale, SOC-A, and theoretically relevant questionnaires were applied. Explorative and confirmatory factor analyses established a three-factor structure in both samples. The revised SOC Scale showed significant but discriminative associations with related constructs, including self-efficacy, posttraumatic growth, and neuroticism. The revised measure was significantly associated with psychological health indicators, including persistent grief, depression, and anxiety, but not to the extent as the previous SOC-A. Stability over time was sufficient. The study provides psychometric support for the revised SOC conceptualization and scale. It has several advantages over the previous SOC-A scale (unique variance, distinct factor structure, stability). The scale could be used for clinical and health psychological testing or research into the growing field of studies on resilience over the life span.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document