scholarly journals A Study on the Prediction of Fire Growth Rate During Initial Fire for Performance Fire Safety Design

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 7-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong Goo Seo ◽  
Dong Eun Kim ◽  
Jeong Hee Kim ◽  
Dong Jun Kim ◽  
Young Jin Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Fire Safety ◽  
Fire Growth ◽  
Safety Design ◽  
Fire Safety Design

scholarly journals A Simplified Method for Establishing Safe Available Evacuation Time Based on a Descending Smoke Layer 

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 28-34
Author(s):  
Jiri Pokorny ◽  
Vladimir Mozer ◽  
Lenka Malerova ◽  
Dagmar Dlouha ◽  
Peter Wilkinson
Keyword(s):  
Fire Safety ◽  
Air Entrainment ◽  
New Method ◽  
Fire Growth ◽  
Design Standards ◽  
Evacuation Time ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Safety Design ◽  
Smoke Layer ◽  
Fire Safety Design

Keeping the smoke layer at a safe height is one of the most important tenability criteria in assessment of evacuation from buildings. The basis of this approach is an accurate approximation of the fire and smoke plume, which is formed above the fire source. The major variables affecting smoke filling are the fire growth rate and enclosure geometry, i.e. the floor area and height. This paper deals with the implementation of a new method for establishing safe available evacuation time based on the fundamental principles of smoke generation and flow into the national fire safety design standards in the Czech and Slovak Republic. Some of these calculation methods have also been included in fire safety engineering ISO standards. The devised method is based on the t-squared fire growth model and correlations for smoke production and air entrainment into the rising plume of smoke. Subsequently, the proposed method is validated against a wide range of benchmark scenarios in the two-zone fire model CFAST. The paper compares the differences, comments on their causes and evaluates the applicability of the new method in both countries. The proposed method is not only compatible with the national fire safety design standards, but also allows for a more precise assessment of life safety without the need for overly complicated calculations.

scholarly journals PERFORMANCE-BASED FIRE SAFETY DESIGN FOR A LARGE SCALE UNDERGROUND CAR-PARK

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (56) ◽  
pp. 223-228
Author(s):  
Masahito KIKUCHI ◽  
Kiyoshi FUKUI ◽  
Ayako TANNO ◽  
Moyu SEIKE ◽  
Jun KITAHORI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fire Safety ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Safety Design ◽  
Car Park ◽  
Fire Safety Design

Case Study on Modeling Fire Action Complexity in Fire Safety Engineering of Structures

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 102-107
Author(s):  
Constantin Sorin Scutarasu ◽  
Dan Diaconu-Şotropa ◽  
Marinela Barbuta
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Fire Safety ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Dynamics Simulation ◽  
Structural Safety ◽  
Modular Organization ◽  
Field Of Study ◽  
Safety Design ◽  
Fire Safety Design ◽  
Technical Regulations

Important goals in the fire safety design, such as preventing loss of life and goods damage, are achieved by maintaining the stability of structures exposed to fire for a period of time established by norms and standards. Real fire scenarios confirm that the specific technical regulations which actually have a prescriptive character (both national and international) do not deal with sufficient possibilities regarding the assessment of structural fire safety. The new approach on structural safety, based on engineering notions, gives us additional prospects on it and it is included in the issues of the fire safety design of structures. A relatively new field of study, known by a few professionals focused on fire safety (but well acknowledged in the research area), fire safety design met with lots of changes and restructuring of the governing concepts and procedures and of the information with which they operate, due to the fast accumulation of experience in this area of engineering activity. Consequently, after countries such as Australia, Canada, New Zeeland or USA provided towards professionals specific technical regulations for fire safety design, groups of experts in these aforementioned countries have joined their forces to try to diminish the differences that exists between those regulations and to give a unitary character to them, a better conceptualized engineering approach of the fire safety design. The result: occurrence of the publication International Fire Engineering Guidelines (last edition from 2005). The systematic approach of fire safety design in constructions pointed, once again, the possibility of modular organization of this field of study, the relations between modules being established according to the objective or objectives in the fire safety design for a specified building. This article aims to put forward, from this modularized perspective, the study of the fire safety design of a building exposed to fire; hence, the practical part of the article exhibits the numerical simulation of initialization and development of the fire process for a large scale religious building. The main features of the building represent the amount of space that facilitates the spreading of smoke and warm gases and which increases the risk of damaging the structural reinforced concrete elements. Application calls to specific numerical simulation with a higher degree of credibility, such as those realized by the FDS (Fire Dynamics Simulation) software.

scholarly journals Fire safety design of open plan apartments in England

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 391-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlie Hopkin ◽  
Michael Spearpoint ◽  
Danny Hopkin ◽  
Yong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Fire Safety ◽  
Safety Design ◽  
Open Plan ◽  
Fire Safety Design

scholarly journals The development of drunk behaviour during evacuation

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simeon A. Doychinov ◽  
Ann S. Dederichs
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Fire Safety ◽  
Cognitive Skills ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Coordination Problem ◽  
Problem Solving Skills ◽  
Sound Recordings ◽  
Safety Design ◽  
Fire Safety Design ◽  
The Subject

The intoxication of the occupants is hardly considered in the fire safety design, due to the lack of data on the subject. Recent research experiments into the influence of alcohol on evacuation have shown evidence that there might be a correlation between the development of drunk behaviour and the surroundings or context in which the occupants are situated. That is why the experiment in this report investigated the development of drunk behaviour in a group of people within a party environment, independently of alcohol, with the use of non-alcoholic beer as a placebo. The participants were put through 3 identical exercises, which were aimed at testing their balance, reaction times, concentration, hand to eye coordination, problem solving skills, cognitive skills and cooperation. In addition to that they performed 2 evacuations that were used to interrupt their ’drunk behaviour’ and test their reaction, decision and overall evacuation times. They were also analysed for signs of drunk behaviour with video and sound recordings. The results showed clear reduction of performance in the tests for concentration, hand to eye coordination, problem solving skills, cognitive skills and cooperation after the consumption of the beer, but little change in the balance tests. Apart from that, some of the participants showed signs of drunk behaviour, such as playfulness and increase in noise after the alcohol was consumed and these were reduced after the environment changed. Based on this it was concluded that even with non-alcoholic beer some of the participants developed drunk behaviour, like that observed in previous experiments with the use of alcohol.

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